scholarly journals Histomorphological differentiation of the skin of leopard (Panthera pardus), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris), and golden jackal (Canis aureus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-832
Author(s):  
Chukkath Vijayan Rajani ◽  
Harshad Sudhir Patki ◽  
Patgiri Simanta ◽  
Kalaripparambath Surjith ◽  
Padinjare Melepat Deepa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicles ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Golden Jackal ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Stratum Spinosum ◽  
Bengal Tiger ◽  
Leopard Cat ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis ◽  
Skin Samples

Background and Aim: Leopard (Panthera pardus), leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris), and golden jackal (Canis aureus) are carnivores. Leopard and Bengal tiger are listed in the red list as vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural resources. Leopard cat and golden jackal are grouped under animals of least concern. A wide variation exists in the structure of the skin and pattern of hair follicles among domestic and wild mammals. Thus, the study aims to create a baseline data on the skin of leopard, leopard cat, Bengal tiger, and golden jackal and the data so obtained may form an indispensable tool in wildlife forensics. Materials and Methods: Skin samples of leopard (n=3), leopard cat (n=4), Bengal tiger (n=3), and golden jackal (n=4) were collected from the Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode. The samples were processed for paraffin embedding. Horizontal and vertical sections of 5 μm thickness were used for histological staining techniques. Observations on the layers and features of epidermis, hair follicle pattern and glands, namely, sweat and sebaceous were recorded. Results: Skin comprised an outer epidermis and an inner dermis. Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium made up the epidermis. Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, and stratum corneum were discernible in leopard, Bengal tiger, and golden jackal. In leopard cat, stratum basale, stratum spinosum, and stratum corneum were present. Compound hair follicles were a characteristic feature of all species. However, the pattern varied. In leopard, leopard cat and Bengal tiger, a single large primary guard hair was encircled by compound follicles. The number of surrounding compound follicles ranged between five to seven in leopard, two to five in leopard cat, and three to seven in Bengal tiger. Each compound follicle, in turn contained, one to two coarse primary hair follicles and several fine secondary hair follicles. Compound follicles arranged as clusters of three were a salient attribute in jackal. The central follicle was comparatively larger than the lateral ones. Each compound follicle comprised a single long, primary hair, and six to eight smaller secondary hairs. Conclusion: Histological variation in the skin of the leopard, leopard cat, Bengal tiger, and golden jackal was established. The data form a valuable basis for comparative histology of wild carnivores. Further, the data may be of value in the identification of the unknown skin samples of wild carnivores.

scholarly journals Royal Manas National Park, Bhutan: a hot spot for wild felids

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshering Tempa ◽  
Mark Hebblewhite ◽  
L. Scott Mills ◽  
Tshewang R. Wangchuk ◽  
Nawang Norbu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Conservation Priority ◽  
Wild Felids ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis ◽  
Eastern Himalayan Region

AbstractThe non-uniformity of the distribution of biodiversity makes allocation of the limited resources available for conservation of biodiversity a difficult task. Approaches such as biodiversity hotspot identification, endemic bird areas, crisis ecoregions, global 200 ecoregions, and the Last of the Wild are used by scientists and international conservation agencies to prioritize conservation efforts. As part of the biodiverse Eastern Himalayan region, Bhutan has been identified as a conservation priority area by all these different approaches, yet data validating these assessments are limited. To examine whether Bhutan is a biodiversity hot spot for a key taxonomic group, we conducted camera trapping in the lower foothills of Bhutan, in Royal Manas National Park, from November 2010 to February 2011. We recorded six species of wild felids of which five are listed on the IUCN Red List: tiger Panthera tigris, golden cat Pardofelis temminckii, marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa and common leopard Panthera pardus. Our study area of 74 km2 has c. 16% of felid species, confirming Bhutan as a biodiversity hot spot for this group.

scholarly journals Density trends of wild felids in northern Laos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akchousanh Rasphone ◽  
Jan F. Kamler ◽  
Mathias Tobler ◽  
David W. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Mesopredator Release ◽  
Density Estimates ◽  
Clouded Leopard ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Leopard Cat ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis

AbstractDetermining the density trends of a guild of species can help illuminate their interactions, and the impacts that humans might have on them. We estimated the density trends from 2013 to 2017 of the clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis and marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata in Nam Et—Phou Louey National Park (NEPL), Laos, using camera trap data and spatial capture-recapture models. Mean (± SD) density estimates (individuals/100 km2) for all years were 1.77 ± 0.30 for clouded leopard, 1.50 ± 0.30 for leopard cat, and 3.80 ± 0.70 for marbled cat. There was a declining trend in density across the study years for all three species, with a ≥ 90% probability of decline for clouded leopard and leopard cat and an 83% probability of decline for marbled cat. There was no evidence that mesopredator release occurred as a result of tiger (Panthera tigris) and leopard (P. pardus) extirpations. We believe that snaring, the factor that led to the extirpation of tiger and leopard in NEPL, is now contributing to the decline of smaller felids, to an extent that over-rides any potential effects of mesopredator release on their densities and interactions. We recommend that the NEPL managers implement a more systematic and intensified snare removal program, in concert with extensive community outreach and engagement of local people to prevent the setting of snares. These actions might be the only hope for saving the remaining members of the felid community in NEPL.

scholarly journals Dhole Cuon alpinus (Mammalia: Carnivora: Canidae) rediscovered in Bardia National Park, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 14582-14586
Author(s):  
Shailendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Babu Ram Lamichhane ◽  
Naresh Subedi ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Thapa ◽  
Laxman Poudyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Cuon Alpinus ◽  
Sympatric Carnivores ◽  
Wild Dogs

An increasing intensity of camera traps recorded the presence of poorly known and globally Endangered Asiatic Wild Dogs Cuon alpinus from different locations in recent years in Nepal.  After 18 years since the previous report, we recorded 29 photos and a video of Dholes in four independent detections with an effort of 4,035 trap-nights during camera trap surveys targeted at tigers in the winter of 2016/2017.  Solitary dholes were camera-trapped from four locations within 27.45km2 area in Bardia National Park.  The evidence of a dead Dhole probably killed in retaliation shows the threat to the species.  Dholes co-exist in Bardia with sympatric carnivores like Tiger Panthera tigris, Leopard Panthera pardus, and Jackal Canis aureus. 

scholarly journals The diversity and activity patterns of wild felids in a secondary forest in Peninsular Malaysia

Oryx ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mohd. Azlan ◽  
Dionysius S. K. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Camera Traps ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Wild Felids ◽  
Leopard Cat ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis ◽  
Wild Cats

A study to describe the diversity of wild felids was carried out in Jerangau Forest Reserve, Ulu Terengganu, Malaysia, using camera traps, over a period of 21 months. A total of 24 camera traps were used, with a total of 5,972 trap days. Six species of wild cats in five genera were recorded: tiger Panthera tigris, leopard Panthera pardus, clouded leopard Neofelis nebulosa, leopard cat Prionailurus bengalensis, golden cat Catopuma temminckii and marbled cat Pardofelis marmorata. This represents all but two of the felid species known to occur in Peninsular Malaysia. The use of camera traps provided detailed information on the occurrence and activity patterns of these relatively secretive mammals. The most frequently photographed species was tiger (38.5% of records) followed by leopard (26.3%) and leopard cat (21.9%). The presence of charismatic flagship species such as tiger in this unprotected lowland dipterocarp secondary forest will be of help to local conservation organizations and the Wildlife Department in any proposals for the protection of these areas.

scholarly journals Habitat use of golden jackals (Canis aureus) in riverine areas of northern Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldin Selimovic ◽  
Eva Maria Schöll ◽  
Larissa Bosseler ◽  
Jennifer Hatlauf
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Golden Jackal ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Habitat Analysis ◽  
Group Density

AbstractRecently confirmed expansion of golden jackals (Canis aureus) into countries without any previous records poses questions, one of them focusing on the species potential and possibly varying habitat use. In this study, we investigated the presence and distribution of golden jackals in northern Bosnia and Herzegovina, where knowledge about golden jackal distribution and habitat use is still scarce. We used bioacoustic stimulation as a non-invasive tool to gather data on golden jackal presence. Habitat structures potentially selected by the species were assessed at 92 calling stations and used as input for binary logistic regression models. Our study area covered approximately 1150 km2, and bioacoustic stimulation within this area resulted in an estimated minimum relative group density of 3.5 territorial groups per 100 km2. We found territorial groups at distances between 15 and 38 km southwards from the river Sava but always within a maximum range of 3 km to perennial watercourses. Habitat analysis identified shrub vegetation and pastures as structures with a significant effect on the presence of resident golden jackals. Probability that golden jackals answered at calling stations increased with increasing surface area covered with pastures and shrubs. Distances between golden jackal territories and the nearest human settlement were relatively small. Our results indicate that structures like transitional woodland-shrubs and pastures, together with other potential influencing factors like local agricultural practices, low hunting pressure, diverse natural and anthropogenic food sources, could have benefited the settlement of golden jackals in the northern lowlands of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The Reliance of the Golden Jackal (Canis aureus) on Anthropogenic Foods in winter in Central Bulgaria

Mammal Study ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy G. Raichev ◽  
Hiroshi Tsunoda ◽  
Chris Newman ◽  
Ryuichi Masuda ◽  
Dian M. Georgiev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Golden Jackal ◽  
Canis Aureus

scholarly journals New Geometric Morphometric Insights in Digital Taphonomy: Analyses into the Sexual Dimorphism of Felids through Their Tooth Pits

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 7848
Author(s):  
Darío Herranz-Rodrigo ◽  
Silvia J. Tardáguila-Giacomozzi ◽  
Lloyd A. Courtenay ◽  
Juan-José Rodríguez-Alba ◽  
Antonio Garrucho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Applied Statistics ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Horizons ◽  
Carnivore Species ◽  
Felid Species

Recent studies using geometric morphometrics for taphonomy have yielded interesting results, opening new horizons of research in both archaeological and paleontological sites. Here we present the analysis of tooth pits left by male and female individuals of two different carnivore species (Panthera tigris and Panthera pardus) in order to see if sexual dimorphism influences the morphology of tooth pit marks. In the process, 3D-scanning and applied statistics were used. Based on samples derived from two individuals of different sexes, the present results indicate sexual dimorphism in these felid species to not be a conditioning factor of tooth pit morphology.

scholarly journals Camera trap records of Rusty-spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus and Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis (Mammalia: Carnivora: Felidae) from Papikonda National Park, northern Eastern Ghats, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 8818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Aditya ◽  
Thyagarajan Ganesh
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Present Note ◽  
Camera Trap ◽  
Eastern Ghats ◽  
Leopard Cat ◽  
Prionailurus Bengalensis

The genus Prionailurus consists of forest dwelling spotted cats ranging across most of India (Sunquist and Sunquist 2002, Menon 2003). Few studies have been done on their presence and distribution across the Eastern Ghats. The present note reports the first camera trap records of the Leopard Cat Prionailurus benghalensis Kerr, 1792 and Rusty Spotted Cat, Prionailurus rubiginosus Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1831 from the Papikonda National Park, situated in the northern Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh. 

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