scholarly journals PNPLA3 rs738409 C>G Variant Influences the Association Between Visceral Fat and Significant Fibrosis in Biopsy-proven Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 000 (000) ◽  
pp. 000-000
Author(s):  
Gang Li ◽  
Liang-Jie Tang ◽  
Pei-Wu Zhu ◽  
Ou-Yang Huang ◽  
Rafael S. Rios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Fibrosis

Predictors of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and significant fibrosis in non-obese nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghee Kim ◽  
Won Kim ◽  
Sae Kyung Joo ◽  
Jung Ho Kim ◽  
Stephen A. Harrison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Fibrosis

scholarly journals Clinical Predictors of Liver Fibrosis Presence and Progression in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Associated Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay T Fourman ◽  
Takara L Stanley ◽  
Isabel Zheng ◽  
Chelsea S Pan ◽  
Meghan N Feldpausch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Fibrosis Progression ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects more than one-third of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Nonetheless, its natural history is poorly understood, including which patients are most likely to have a progressive disease course. Methods We leveraged a randomized trial of the growth hormone–releasing hormone analogue tesamorelin to treat NAFLD in HIV. Sixty-one participants with HIV-associated NAFLD were randomized to tesamorelin or placebo for 12 months with serial biopsies. Results In all participants with baseline biopsies (n = 58), 43% had hepatic fibrosis. Individuals with fibrosis had higher NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) (mean ± standard deviation [SD], 3.6 ± 2.0 vs 2.0 ± 0.8; P < .0001) and visceral fat content (mean ± SD, 284 ± 91 cm2 vs 212 ± 95 cm2; P = .005), but no difference in hepatic fat or body mass index. Among placebo-treated participants with paired biopsies (n = 24), 38% had hepatic fibrosis progression over 12 months. For each 25 cm2 higher visceral fat at baseline, odds of fibrosis progression increased by 37% (odds ratio, 1.37 [95% confidence interval, 1.03–2.07]). There was no difference in baseline NAS between fibrosis progressors and nonprogressors, though NAS rose over time in the progressor group (mean ± SD, 1.1 ± 0.8 vs −0.5 ± 0.6; P < .0001). Conclusions In this longitudinal study of HIV-associated NAFLD, high rates of hepatic fibrosis and progression were observed. Visceral adiposity was identified as a novel predictor of worsening fibrosis. In contrast, baseline histologic characteristics did not relate to fibrosis progression.

Effect of black garlic on visceral fat, oxidative stress and insulin resistance in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alifia Mukti Fajrani ◽  
Mohamad Sulchan ◽  
Siti Fatimah Muis ◽  
Hery Djagat Purnomo ◽  
Kis Djamiatun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Purpose This paper aims to determine the effect of black garlic (BG) on visceral fat, oxidative stress and insulin resistance (IR) compared with metformin and vitamin E in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats. Design/methodology/approach A randomized post-test only design with control group was used in this study. Rats were given high-fat fructose diet enriched with 1.25% cholesterol and 0.5% cholic acid for eight weeks to induce NALFD condition. The administration of BG dose of 450 mg/200 gBW, 900 mg/200 gBW and 1350 mg/200 gBW with a comparative control of 45 mg/200 gBW of metformin and vitamin E of 9 IU/200 gBW were given for four weeks via oral gavage to reduce visceral fat, oxidative stress and improve IR. Statistical analyses were performed to examine differences between groups with one-way analysis of variance and nonparametrics test. Findings Rats given with three different doses of BG for four weeks did not reduce body weight from 244 ± 4.4 to 284 ± 4.6 g, 242 ± 2.5 to 272 ± 3.1 g and 240 ± 2.4 to 270 ± 3.6 g, respectively, but significantly reduced visceral fat (p = 0.001) on BG groups with 3.7 ± 1.3, 2.7 ± 0.7 and 1.8 ± 0.6 g, respectively. BG improved oxidative stress (p = 0.001) with malondialdehyde level 5.1 ± 0.2, 3.0 ± 0.06 and 2.3 ± 0.06 ng/mL, respectively, but did not better than vitamin E group 1 ± 0.03 ng/mL. Significant (p = 0.001) improvement on insulin resistance with homeostatic model assessment IR in BG groups were 5.3 ± 0.1, 4.4 ± 0.1 and 4 ± 0.1, respectively, but not as good as metformin group 3.7 ± 0.1. Research limitations/implications Based on the experiment, there are several limitations including small sample size, performed on animal models in a relatively short time, did not examine organosulfurs compound (OSC) content of BG specifically and OSC affects metabolism in NAFLD remains unclear and will require further investigation. Practical implications BG is a functional food made from heated fresh garlic owing to the Maillard reaction and the organosulfur compounds as antioxidants. The higher the dose of BG, the greater the improvement in visceral fat, oxidative stress and IR in model NAFLD rats. Social implications NAFLD is a liver disorder caused by excessive fat and energy intake, the treatment strategies among others through diet modification. Originality/value In model NAFLD rats, BG administration improved NALFD markers but did not better rather than the metformin and vitamin E result.

scholarly journals Transaminases and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase for detecting nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Shahinul Alam ◽  
Utpal Das Gupta ◽  
Jahangir Kabir ◽  
Sheikh Mohammad Noor-E-Alam ◽  
Ziaur Rahman Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fibrosis Score ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Significant Fibrosis ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and advanced fibrosis are the spectrum of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that may progress to cirrhosis.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> We aimed to determine the detecting capacity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) for NASH and <br />significant fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> Demographic and laboratory data of 502 sonologically diagnosed NAFLD patients were retrospectively analysed. Area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was performed for NASH and fibrosis score ≥2 (significant fibrosis) with ALT, AST and GGT of 233 biopsied patients.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Of 502 patients ALT, AST and GGT was elevated in 252 (50.1 %), 184 (36.7%) and 138 (27.4%) respectively. There was no difference in histological activity and fibrosis score between normal and elevated ALT and AST. Forty two (40.2%) NASH and 23(20.2%) significant fibrosis had normal ALT level. GGT was differed in NASH and Non NASH (p&lt; .005) and between significant fibrosis (p&lt; .01) and insignificant fbrosis. To detect NASH AUROC curve ofGGT was 67.5%, whereas of ALT and AST was 55.2% and 55.7%. For significant fibrosis AUROC curve of ALT, AST and GGT was 44, 50 and 68.4 % respectively. GGT level of39.5 U/L could detect NASH with a 63% sensitivity and 65% specificity irrespective of sex. GGT 40.5U/L had 60% sensitivity and 59 % specificity to detect significant fibrosis. For fibrosis ≥2 AUROC curve was 75.4% in male.</p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> No optimal ALT and AST level could detect NASH and fibrosis. GGT level of 40 U/L had a better detecting capacity for NASH and fibrosis especially in male. </p>

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