scholarly journals Deep Neck Space Abscess – A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 3310-3313
Author(s):  
Priya Kanagamuthu ◽  
Guna Keerthana Ramesh ◽  
Aswin Vaishali Natarajan ◽  
Rajasekaran Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Necrotizing Fasciitis ◽  
Hyoid Bone ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Space Infection ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infection ◽  
Spread Of Infection

Deep neck spaces are regions of loose connective tissue present between three layers of deep cervical fascia, namely, superficial, middle, and deep layers. The investing layer is the superficial layer, the pre-tracheal layer is the intermediate layer, and the prevertebral layer is the deep layer. Deep neck space infection (DNI) is defined as an infection in the potential spaces and actual fascial planes of the neck. Spread of infection occurs along communicating fascial boundaries. These deep neck spaces may be further classified into 3 anatomic groups, relative to the hyoid bone: Those located above the level of the hyoid, those that involve the entire length of the neck, those located below the level of hyoid. The patterns of infection may include abscess formation, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis. Antibiotics and surgical drainage form the mainstay of treatment. There are some spaces in the neck present between these layers of deep cervical fascia. These deep neck spaces are filled with loose connective tissue. Deep neck space infection involves the spaces and fascial planes of the neck. Spread of infection occurs along communicating fascial boundaries after overcoming the natural resistance of the fascial planes. With relation to the hyoid bone, these deep neck spaces are further classified as follows: 1. Spaces above the level of the hyoid bone (peritonsillar, submandibular, parapharyngeal, masticator, buccal, and parotid spaces). 2. Spaces that involve the entire length of the neck (retropharyngeal, prevertebral, and carotid spaces). 3. Spaces located below the level of hyoid bone (anterior visceral or pre - tracheal space). Infection may present either as abscess, cellulitis, or necrotizing fasciitis. The mainstay of the management are antibiotics and surgical drainage.

scholarly journals Severe parapharyngeal abscess that developed significant complications: management during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e236449
Author(s):  
Teslimat Ajeigbe ◽  
Basmal Ria ◽  
Emma Wates ◽  
Samuel Mattine
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Drainage ◽  
Left Forearm ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Intensive Care Admission ◽  
Parapharyngeal Abscess ◽  
Space Infection ◽  
Facial Swelling ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Life Threatening Complication ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infection

A 50-year-old Caucasian man presented to the emergency department during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic with a rapidly progressive facial swelling, fever, malaise and myalgia. The patient had recently travelled to a COVID-19-prevalent European country and was therefore treated as COVID-19 suspect. The day before, the patient sustained a burn to his left forearm after falling unconscious next to a radiator. A CT neck and thorax showed a parapharyngeal abscess, which was surgically drained, and the patient was discharged following an intensive care admission. He then developed mediastinitis 3 weeks post-discharge which required readmission and transfer to a cardiothoracic unit for surgical drainage. This report discusses the evolution of a deep neck space infection into a mediastinitis, a rare and life-threatening complication, despite early surgical drainage. This report also highlights the difficulties faced with managing patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals I. A contribution to the anatomy of the ductless glands and lymphatic system of the angler fish ( Lophius piscatorius )

1927 ◽  
Vol 215 (421-430) ◽  
pp. 1-56 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Lymphatic System ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Considerable Size

The Angler ( Lophius piscatorius ) is a fish much modified for a bottom habit, and apart from many peculiarities of form and structure associated with this particular mode of life, is remarkable for the looseness of its skin and the abundance of soft connective tissue that separates it from the underlying fascia and muscles. Within this layer of loose connective tissue lie many of the larger trunks of the lymphatic system, mostly of very considerable size and easy to inject. The fish thus furnishes material better than most for the study of this system.

Odontogenic deep neck space infection as life-threatening condition in pregnancy

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Dalla Torre ◽  
D Burtscher ◽  
D Höfer ◽  
FR Kloss
Keyword(s):  
Space Infection ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infection ◽  
In Pregnancy

Dermatopathic lymphadenitis imitating a deep neck space infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Psarommatis ◽  
Haris Vontas ◽  
Vasiliki Gkoulioni ◽  
Aikaterini Mihail-Strantzia ◽  
Theodoros Bairamis
Keyword(s):  
Dermatopathic Lymphadenitis ◽  
Space Infection ◽  
Deep Neck Space Infection

Histopathology of the A1 Pulley in Adult Trigger Fingers

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. SBERNARDORI ◽  
P. BANDIERA
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Laminar Structure ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Control Series ◽  
Outermost Layer ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
A1 Pulley

The histopathology of the central parts of 40 A1 pulleys from adult patients with primary trigger fingers was studied using light and transmission electron microscopes and the findings were compared with those in a control series of 10 normal A1 pulleys. The evaluation of the normal A1 pulley revealed a bi-laminar structure. The deepest layer was composed of dense normal connective tissue. The outermost layer was formed by loose connective tissue. In trigger digits, it was possible to identify a tri-laminar structure. The deepest layer was composed of irregular connective tissue, formed by small collagen fibres and abundant extracellular matrix. A considerable amount of chondroid-metaplasia was present in this layer. The middle layer contained dense, normal connective tissue with some fibrocytes. The outermost layer was formed of loose connective tissue. In conclusion, there was an additional layer in the A1 pulley in pathological cases which was not present in normal pulleys.

scholarly journals Distribution of fibroblast surface antigen in the developing chick embryo.

1975 ◽  
Vol 142 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Linder ◽  
A Vaheri ◽  
E Ruoslahti ◽  
J Wartiovaara
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
Liver Sinusoids ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Fibrillar Network

Fibroblast surface (SE) antigen is present in fibrillar surface structures of cultured normal fibroblasts, shed to the extracellular medium, and is also found in circulation (serum and plasma). Malignant fibroblasts (transformed by viruses) do not express SF antigen on the cell surface. In this study the in vivo differentiation and distribution of SF antigen has been investigated in the developing chick embryo using cryostat sections and immunofluorescence. The major findings were: (a) SF antigen was detectable in the loose connective tissue of very early (2-to 3-day old) embryos. (b) Condensation of SF antigen was seen in various boundary membranes such as the glomerular and tubular basement membranes of the kidney, the boundary membranes of the notochord, yolk sac, and vitelline membranes and liver sinusoids. (c) SF antigen was found to be cell-type specific. It was seen as a fibrillar network in the loose connective tissue of different organs but not in the parenchymal cells. It was not found in muscle cells at any stage of development. (d) The antigen was present in the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells of the kidney; but not found after their development into epithelial cells of the secretory tubules. (e) Both in vivo and in fibroblast cultures SF antigen was distributed as a fibrillar network. These data indicate that SF antigen is a "differentiation antigen" restricted to certain cells of mesenchymal origin and character, and that is accumulates in the connective tissue during embryogenesis.

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