scholarly journals HONOUR CRIMES AS GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN THE UK: A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT

Author(s):  
Nootash Keyhani
Author(s):  
Mira Lal

Human migration involves moving to a new permanent or semi-permanent location. Whether on an individual basis, in small groups or in large numbers, whether due to economic necessity (emigrants), sociocultural strife or the effects of war (refugees), it can contribute to stress in the mobile along with the settled population. Uncertainty then, increases the risk of psychosomatic disease in those relocating because of the changes in their personal/social support networks. The available healthcare for the displaced may not address their health needs adequately. Chapter 12 deliberates on this. Gender-related issues, with a female preponderance as victims come to the fore in displaced populations. These include the health effects of domestic and sexual violence or gender-based violence. International organisations, including the UN, the WHO, and FIGO, along with organisations from various countries that promote women's and children's health, have developed guidelines, and attempted to engender political will to endeavour to stop this preventable morbidity. Nevertheless, it persists with a biopsychosociocultural impact, and can be fatal. Unwanted pregnancies can result from gender-based violence or failed contraception with the pregnant woman seeking termination (abortion). Annually, about 42 million women resort to illegal methods of abortion, and risk grievous harm due to a lack of legalized services. Female genital mutilation, a form of gender-based violence with genitourinary sequelae that is carried out on girls, has global implications. It prevails due to cultural acceptance, despite major health consequences. It is illegal in the UK, and the RCOG has developed guidelines. Vignettes in this chapter illustrate these gender-related health issues.


Until recently, higher education in the United Kingdom has largely failed to recognise gender based violence (GBV) on campus, but following the UK government task force set up in 2015, universities are becoming more aware of the issue. And recent cases in the media about the sexualised abuse of power in institutions such as universities, Parliament and Hollywood highlight the prevalence and damaging impact of GBV. This book provides the first in-depth overview of research and practice in GBV in universities. The book sets out the international context of ideologies, politics and institutional structures that underlie responses to GBV and sexual violence elsewhere in Europe, in the United States, and in Australia, and considers the implications of implementing related policy and practice. Presenting examples of innovative British approaches to engagement with the issue, the book also considers UK, EU and UN legislation to give an international perspective, making it of direct use to discussions of ‘what works’ in preventing GBV.


Author(s):  
Anni Donaldson ◽  
Melanie McCarry ◽  
Aimee McCullough

This chapter examines the policy context of prevention work on gender based violence (GBV) in UK universities, with a focus on Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. It first provides an overview of the current situation facing UK universities as they develop their responses to GBV before contextualising this by identifying the key factors that influence GBV policy in each country using a three-point conceptual framework. It then reviews current developments in universities' approaches to the issue of GBV in their national context and concludes with a discussion of the opportunities and challenges facing the UK higher education sector as it develops its approach to GBV prevention. The chapter proposes a theoretical framework that involves a gendered analysis and a whole sector response, along with intervention and prevention programmes that include universities getting involved in local coordinated community responses to GBV and adopting a whole systems approach to GBV.


Author(s):  
Erika Rackley ◽  
Clare McGlynn ◽  
Kelly Johnson ◽  
Nicola Henry ◽  
Nicola Gavey ◽  
...  

AbstractDespite apparent political concern and action—often fuelled by high-profile cases and campaigns—legislative and institutional responses to image-based sexual abuse in the UK have been ad hoc, piecemeal and inconsistent. In practice, victim-survivors are being consistently failed: by the law, by the police and criminal justice system, by traditional and social media, website operators, and by their employers, universities and schools. Drawing on data from the first multi-jurisdictional study of the nature and harms of, and legal/policy responses to, image-based sexual abuse, this article argues for a new joined-up approach that supports victim-survivors of image-based sexual abuse to ‘reclaim control’. It argues for a comprehensive, multi-layered, multi-institutional and multi-agency response, led by a government- and industry-funded online or e-safety organisation, which not only recognises the diversity of victim-survivor experiences and the intersection of image-based sexual abuse with other forms of sexual and gender-based violence and discrimination, but which also enables victim-survivors to reclaim control within and beyond the criminal justice system.


Author(s):  
Berta Vall ◽  
Anna Sala-Bubaré ◽  
Marianne Hester ◽  
Alessandra Pauncz

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health and widespread problem, and perpetrator programmes are in a unique position to work towards the end of gender-based violence. However, in order to promote safe perpetrator work, it is crucial to focus on the impact of IPV on the victims and survivors. In this context, little research has triangulated data by including both, victim’s perspectives on the impact that IPV has on them and also men’s level of awareness of the impact of their violent behaviour. In this paper, results from the “Impact Outcome Monitoring Toolkit (Impact Toolkit)” from one perpetrator treatment programme in the UK are presented. Participants were 98 in total; 49 men that were following treatment in a perpetrator program and their (ex-) partners. The differences in their perceptions of the IPV, but also on the impact of this abusive behavior on the victims, is described. Finally, recommendations for research and practice are discussed.


Author(s):  
Louise Whitfield

This chapter considers the progressive potential of the existing legal frameworks, such as human rights and equality legislation, to challenge gender based violence (GBV) in university communities. It first highlights the limitations of existing university responses to sexual violence against students before explaining how the existing law could be used more to protect and provide justice for survivors of GBV, as well as bring about much-needed change in the accountability of universities and respect for women's rights. These laws include the Human Rights Act 1998 and the Equality Act 2010 in the UK, European and international law and instruments such as the Istanbul Convention, the European Union Victims' Directive, and the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW). The chapter also examines how those laws have been used in action by individuals and campaigning groups to improve university approaches.


Author(s):  
Ellie Hutchinson

This chapter describes an approach, dubbed Get Savi (Students Against Violence Initiative), for tackling gender based violence (GBV) in university communities. Get Savi was developed and delivered in Scotland between 2012 and 2015. The chapter first provides an overview of the broader policy and political context in which the Get Savi programme was developed, with particular emphasis on the importance of a political consensus around the causes of violence against women and girls (VAWG). It then examines the practical process underlying the development of the Get Savi programme, along with the role of partnerships in the development and in the re-imagining of the prevention education programme for a Scottish audience. Finally, it considers some of the ongoing challenges and draws together learnings from the project to make recommendations for future policies and programmes on prevention education for student communities in the UK and beyond.


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