scholarly journals The effects of structured self-monitoring of blood glucose on therapeutic effectiveness and adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating insulin treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Alexandrovna Suvorova ◽  
Alexander Vladimirovich Petrov ◽  
Leonid Grigor'evich Strongin
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Monitoring Group

Aim.  To compare the efficiency of standard and structured approaches to self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) initiating insulin treatment. Materials and Methods. This open prospective randomized clinical trial included 51 T2DM patients who initiated insulin therapy in either outpatient or inpatient setting. Subjects were randomized in standard and structured SMBG groups, the structured group used an advanced Accu-Chek 360 View protocol. Evaluation included clinical examination and laboratory testing of HbA1c levels at the beginning of the treatment and after 3 months of the follow-up period. Results. 70% of the structured self-monitoring group and 32% of the control group achieved therapeutic goals (p=0.008). Higher adherence was associated with better glycemic control in both groups ? and vice versa. However, among patients with low adherence, 73% of advanced SMBG group managed to achieve therapeutic goals vs. 19% in the control group (p=0.005). In addition, patients in the structured monitoring group gained less weight as compared to the control (1.0?2.88 kg vs. 3.2?2.56 kg; p=0.005). Conclusion. Structured SMBG commenced at the initiation of insulin therapy improves glycemic control in a greater fraction of patients, especially in those with low adherence to treatment. Structured SMBG also partially alleviates weight gain as side effect of insulin treatment.

scholarly journals Self-monitoring of blood glucose in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who are not using insulin

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriëll L Malanda ◽  
Laura MC Welschen ◽  
Ingrid I Riphagen ◽  
Jacqueline M Dekker ◽  
Giel Nijpels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Monitoring

scholarly journals Oral and Topical Centella asiatica in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Dry Skin: A Three-Arm Prospective Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Lili Legiawati ◽  
Kusmarinah Bramono ◽  
Wresti Indriatmi ◽  
Em Yunir ◽  
Siti Setiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dry Skin ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Double Blind

Introduction. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) is related to skin disorders, particularly dry skin. Pathogenesis of dry skin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rises from the chronic hyperglycemia causing an increase in advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. Combination of oral and topical Centella asiatica (CA) is expected to treat dry skin in T2DM patients more effectively through decreasing N(6)-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Methods. A three-arm prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the oral and topical CA extract in 159 T2DM patients with dry skin. The subjects were divided into the CA oral (CAo) 2 × 1.100 mg + CA topical (CAt) 1% ointment group, oral placebo (Plo) + CAt group, and Plo and topical placebo (Plt) group. Dry skin assessment was performed on day 1, 15, and 29, while evaluation of CML, IL-1α, and SOD activity was on day 1 and 29. Result. Effectivity of CAo + CAt combination was assessed based on HbA1c and random blood glucose (RBG). In well-controlled blood glucose, on day 29, the percentage of SRRC decrement was greater in the CAo + CAt group compared to the control group (p=0.04). SCap value in the CAo + CAt group was greater than that in the control group (p=0.01). In the partially controlled blood glucose, increment of SOD activity in the CAo + CAt group was greater than that in the control group (p=0.01). There were medium-to-strong correlation between CML with SOD (r = 0.58, p<0.05) and IL-1α with SOD (r = 0.70, p<0.05) in well-controlled blood glucose. Systemic and topical adverse events were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion. CAo and CAt combination can be used to significantly improve dry skin condition through increasing SOD activity in T2DM patients with controlled blood glucose.

scholarly journals Hypoglycaemia among adults with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus in a Family Medicine Clinic

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-346
Author(s):  
OO Sodipo ◽  
AB Ademolu ◽  
S Odunaye-Badmus ◽  
EO Oluwatuyi ◽  
R Odiana
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Medicine Clinic ◽  
Clinical Records ◽  
Dipeptidylpeptidase 4

Background: The prevalence of Diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide. The complications of DM arising from hyperglycaemia are well documented and. However, there is a lack of data, poor awareness and information on hypoglycaemia in DM. Objective: To describe the prevalence and factors associated with hypoglycaemia among patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods: This was a retrospective study of the clinical records of patients with Type 2 DM at the Family Medicine Clinic of a Nigerian teaching hospital from January 2019 to January 2020. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, including hypoglycaemia, Glycosylated Haemoglobin (HbA1c), Fasting and Random blood glucose, were retrieved. Results: A total number of 570 patients were assessed, with a prevalence of 43 (7.5%) of hypoglycaemia. The mean age of the patients in the study was 58.2±10.9 years (range: 36-83 years). Metformin (557; 97.7%), Sulphonylureas (377; 66.1%), Dipeptidylpeptidase -4 inhibitors (137; 24.0%) and insulin (72; 12.6%) were the most prescribed anti-diabetic medications. hypoglycaemiaA majority (29; 67.4%) of the hypoglycaemia episodes occurred in the morning, while most (24; 55.8%) of the episodes of hypoglycaemia were mild. Mean age (t= 2.35; p = 0.019), presence of hypertension (X2 = 6.92, p = 0.008) and dyslipidaemia (X2 = 7.86, p = 0.005) were associated with hypoglycaemia. Conclusions: The prevalence of hypoglycaemia in the Outpatient clinic was low, while the presence of comorbidities                                   (hypertension and dyslipidaemia) and age were associated with hypoglycaemia. There is a need for patient education and Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) to prevent complications of hypoglycaemia. hypoglycaemia

scholarly journals Glycemic impact of intensified self monitoring of blood glucose in insulin treated subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 027-033
Author(s):  
Ejiofor Ugwu ◽  
Ibrahim Gezawa ◽  
Olufunmilayo Adeleye
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Hba1c Level ◽  
Insulin Dosage ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Glycemic Indices

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate if intensified self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) improves glycemic control in insulin-treated subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods:Ninety-six adults with stable but poorly controlled [glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level >7.5%] T2DM receiving twice-daily biphasic insulin were randomly assigned to either of the two groups: intensive monitors (IM) that performed SMBG at least twice daily or conventional monitors (CM) that performed SMBG at their discretionary frequency for 12 weeks. Demographic, clinical, and glycemic indices, including fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial glucose (PPG), and HbA1c, were compared at baseline and week 12. Results:A total of 71 subjects (25 IM and 46 CM) completed the study. Both groups had similar HbA1c at baseline. From baseline to week 12, the IM group had higher mean daily test strip usage (P <0.001), engaged in more frequent insulin dose adjustments (P <0.001), and attained greater daily insulin dosage (P = 0.002). All glycemic indices including FBG, PPG, and HbA1c improved significantly from baseline to week 12 in the IM but not in the CM group. HbA1c level declined by −1.2 ±0.4% in the IM group (P = 0.002). There was no difference in the frequency of hypoglycemia in both groups. The monthly cost of intensified SMBG was nearly four times that of conventional monitoring (P <0.001). Conclusion:Both short- and long-term glycemic control significantly improved by intensified SMBG in stable but poorly controlled insulin-treated adults with T2DM. Intensified SMBG enabled better self-titration of insulin and probably other self-care practices. This benefit, however, occurred at the expense of costs that may be difficult to sustain in resource-poor countries.

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