Passing and Posing between Black and White

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Gotto
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Race ◽  
Early History ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
American Film ◽  
Color Line ◽  
Racial Boundaries ◽  
Black And White ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
History Of

Since its inception, U.S. American cinema has grappled with the articulation of racial boundaries. This applies, in the first instance, to featuring mixed-race characters crossing the color line. In a broader sense, however, this also concerns viewing conditions and knowledge configurations. The fact that American film engages itself so extensively with the unbalanced relation between black and white is neither coincidental nor trivial to state — it has much more to do with disputing boundaries that pertain to the medium itself. Lisa Gotto examines this constellation along the early history of American film, the cinematic modernism of the late 1950s, and the post-classical cinema of the turn of the millennium.

scholarly journals Creoles of the Mountains: Race, Regionalism, and Modernity in Progressive Era Appalachia

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Michell Chresfield
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Progressive Era ◽  
Mixed Race ◽  
Conceptual Space ◽  
Racial Boundaries ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Native American Ancestry ◽  
Popular Writing ◽  
Treated State ◽  
Conceptual Possibility

Abstract This article investigates how Progressive Era writers, both popular and scientific, helped to construct multiracial identities alongside competing efforts to enshrine race into strictly black and white terms. Existing scholarship on race in the Progressive Era has not sufficiently analyzed the presence of multiracial populations. Instead, scholars have treated state and federal efforts to police racial boundaries, namely through anti-miscegenation laws and the census, as evidence that multiracial persons were a legal impossibility. However, scientific and popular writing on Appalachia provides a conceptual space in which multiracialism was not only a conceptual possibility, but was engendered. Appalachia took on increased importance during the Progressive Era as both intellectuals and reformers used the region to frame their anxieties about the limits of modernity and the threat of racial mixing. The region was home to white mountaineers who appeared arrested in time, existing in uncomfortable proximity to newly discovered groups with white, black, and Native American ancestry who also seemed to have been shunned by civilization. In attempting to understand the peculiar conditions of Appalachia, these Progressive Era writers helped to advance some of the first ideas about what it meant to be mixed-race in America.

The Birth of an Empire

PMLA ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068-1079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
American History ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
American Film ◽  
Cuban American ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
History Of

The Spanish-Cuban-American war of 1898 was one of the first wars in history to be filmed. Yet despite its participation in the birth of American cinema, the war disappeared as a subject from the later archives of filmmaking. No major films chronicle the three-month war in Cuba or the subsequent three-year war in the Philippines, although films have been made about virtually every other war in American history. My paper is about that duality, about the formative presence and telling absence of this pivotal war in the history of American film.

The Neighborhood Attainment of Mixed-Race Couples across the Black/White Spectrum

2021 ◽  
pp. 073112142199639
Author(s):  
Ryan Gabriel ◽  
Jacob Rugh ◽  
Hannah Spencer ◽  
Aïsha Lehmann
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Race ◽  
Color Line ◽  
Average Income ◽  
Black Representation ◽  
Black Couples ◽  
White Couples ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Home Mortgage Disclosure Act ◽  
White Partner ◽  
Home Mortgage

With the removal of legal barriers to mixed-race marriage, there has been a consistent increase in the number of Black-White couples. This has coincided with growth in the number of Black-White individuals who have formed couples with a Black or White partner. Little is known, however, about how these couples function within a key area of stratification—neighborhood attainment. We use data from the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act and the U.S. Census to investigate the percentage of Whites and the average income in the neighborhoods of home-purchasing couples defined by their levels of Black and White representation. These couples being White couples, Black-White individuals with White partners, Black-White couples, Black-White individuals with Black partners, and Black couples. Findings reveal that the percentage of Whites and average income in the neighborhoods of couples decrease as couples increase in Black representation. These results have implications for our understanding of the contemporary color line.

Some early history of replica techniques for electron microscopy

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1076-1077
Author(s):  
Robert M. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Early History ◽  
Bulk Materials ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Reflected Light ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electron Microscopes

By 1940, a half dozen or so commercial or home-built transmission electron microscopes were in use for studies of the ultrastructure of matter. These operated at 30-60 kV and most pioneering microscopists were preoccupied with their search for electron transparent substrates to support dispersions of particulates or bacteria for TEM examination and did not contemplate studies of bulk materials. Metallurgist H. Mahl and other physical scientists, accustomed to examining etched, deformed or machined specimens by reflected light in the optical microscope, were also highly motivated to capitalize on the superior resolution of the electron microscope. Mahl originated several methods of preparing thin oxide or lacquer impressions of surfaces that were transparent in his 50 kV TEM. The utility of replication was recognized immediately and many variations on the theme, including two-step negative-positive replicas, soon appeared. Intense development of replica techniques slowed after 1955 but important advances still occur. The availability of 100 kV instruments, advent of thin film methods for metals and ceramics and microtoming of thin sections for biological specimens largely eliminated any need to resort to replicas.

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