scholarly journals Status in Early Modern and Modern World Politics

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-60
Author(s):  
Ramy Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Status Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
Empirical Material

In this article, Ramy Youssef compares historically varying structures and semantics of world political status competition. Early modern and modern rankings that represent the world political status of royal titles, or modern states, respectively, serve as empirical material. It is shown that status competition in the early modern period can neither semantically nor structurally be distinguished from conflicts, whereas in modern world politics competition is framed as a distinct social relationship and as an alternative to conflicts. Methodological and epistemological conclusions are drawn from the findings, suggesting that more caution should be taken when applying modern terms to historical contexts.

scholarly journals Status in Early Modern and Modern World Politics: Competition or Conflict? A Comparative Analysis of Early Modern Ceremonial Rankings and Modern Nation-State Rankings

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramy Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Relationship ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Status Competition ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
Modern Nation State

Based on Simmel's sociology of competition, the article compares historically varying structures and semantics of world political status competition. Early modern and modern rankings that represent the world political status of royal titles, or modern states, respectively, serve as empirical material. It is shown that status competition in the early modern period can neither semantically nor structurally be distinguished from conflicts, whereas in modern world politics competition is framed as a distinct social relationship and as an alternative to conflicts. Methodological and epistemological conclusions are drawn from the findings, suggesting that more caution should be taken when applying modern terms to historical contexts.

Bacon’s Novum organum

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Elodie Cassan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Scientific Reasoning ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Sides ◽  
The Way

Dan Garber’s paper provides materials permitting to reply to an objection frequently made to the idea that the Novum Organum is a book of logic, as the allusion to Aristotle’s Organon included in the very title of this book shows it is. How can Bacon actually build a logic, considering his repeated claims that he desires to base natural philosophy directly on observation and experiment? Garber shows that in the Novum Organum access to experience is always mediated by particular questions and settings. If there is no direct access to observation and experience, then there is no point in equating Bacon’s focus on experience in the Novum Organum with a rejection of discursive issues. On the contrary, these are two sides of the same coin. Bacon’s articulation of rules for the building of scientific reasoning in connection with the way the world is, illustrates his massive concern with the relation between reality, thinking and language. This concern is essential in the field of logic as it is constructed in the Early Modern period.

Iqbal, Bergson and the Reconstruction of the Divine Nexus in Political Thought

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. Hillier
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Political Thought ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Henri Bergson ◽  
Philosophical Foundation ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Realities

This chapter looks at the reconstruction of the divine nexus in political thought in Muhammad Iqbal and Henri Bergson. Articulated in Mark Lilla's book Stillborn God (2007), the divine nexus — that is, the intersection of God, man, and the world — in Western political thought was abandoned in the early modern period and no thinker has effectively re-conceptualised it since. The chapter argues that through their shared metaphysical and epistemological ideas, Iqbal and Bergson form a new philosophical foundation that puts God at the centre of the cosmos. In this, both identify the centrality of prophecy/mysticism in the collective life of society and show the indispensable role that religion plays in challenging those political realities in the world that threaten human dignity, freedom, and well-being.

Ideas and Practices of Prostitution Around the World

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magaly Rodriguez Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Labor History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Labor Theory ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Socioeconomic Changes ◽  
Military Modernization ◽  
The World

This essay provides a global overview of prostitution from the early modern period to the present. Although the distinction between “premodern” and “modern” prostitution is not necessarily sharp, the profound political, military, and socioeconomic changes from roughly 1600 onward had an important impact on the sale of sex. Worldwide, the practice of prostitution and societal reactions to it were influenced by processes of colonization, industrialization, urbanization, the rise of nation-states, military modernization, nationalism, and war, as well as revolutions in politics, agriculture, transport, and communication. A long historical and broad geographical perspective reveals the continuities and discontinuities in the way commercial sex was practiced, perceived, and policed. This essay paper approaches prostitution from a double (top-down and bottom-up) perspective that integrates criminology and labor theory, presenting the views of authorities, anti-vice campaigners, and society at large while situating prostitution as an integral part of labor history.

scholarly journals Missionaries as bridge builders in Buddhist kingdoms: Amity amid radical difference

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-77
Author(s):  
Eva M. Pascal
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Spiritual Practice ◽  
World Religions ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Religious Traditions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
The World

Buddhism and Christianity are major world religions that both make universal and often competing claims about the nature of the world and ultimate reality. These claims are difficult to reconcile and often go to the core of Buddhist and Christian worldviews. This article looks at the age of encounter in the early modern period for ways Christians and Buddhists forged friendship through common spiritual commitments and action. Beyond seeking theological and philosophical exchange, convergences along spirituality and practice proved important vehicles for friendship. With the examples of Christian–Buddhist friendship from historical case studies, this article explores the ways contemporary Christian expressions of spiritual practice and advocacy allows Christians to connect with Buddhists. Early modern encounters have important lessons for furthering Christian–Buddhist friendship that may also be applied to other religious traditions.

Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chomel (1671–1740): A Case Study in Problems Relating to the Social Status of Scientists in the Early Modern Period

1986 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-322
Author(s):  
David Sturdy
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Practice Of Science

Consider this statement: the practice of science influences and is influenced by the civilization within which it occurs. Or again: scientists do not pursue their activities in a political or social void; like other people, they aspire to make their way in the world by responding to the values and social mechanisms of their day. Set in such simple terms, each statement probably would receive the assent of most scholars interested in the history of science. But there is need for debate on the nature and extent of the interaction between scientific activity and the civilization which incorporates it, as there is on the relations of scientists to the society within which they live. This essay seeks to make a contribution mainly to the second of these topics by taking a French scientist and academician of the eighteenth century and studying him and his family in the light of certain questions. At the end there will be a discussion relating those questions or themes to the wider debate. There is an associated purpose to the exercise: to present an account of the social origins and formation of Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chomel (botanist, physician and member of the Academic des Sciences) which will augment our knowledge of this particular savant.

Women’s Religious Actions in the German Sectors of the Early Modern World

Daphnis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 603-619
Author(s):  
Merry E. Wiesner-Hanks
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Holy Roman Empire ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Political Boundaries ◽  
Global Connections

Germans were active in constructing transcultural experiences on a global scale – for better or worse – from Martin Waldseemüller’s 1507 map on. Most of those who have been studied were men, but women traveled and migrated as well, and they supported those who did financially, institutionally, and emotionally. Their movements and actions have left fewer and more shadowy records than those of men, but a more gender-balanced account of global connections in the early modern period is emerging. This essay examines three ways in which German women’s actions shaped the early modern world in the realm of religion: women’s establishment of religious communities, women’s patronage of overseas missions, and women’s proselytizing, particularly that undertaken by Moravians. All of these built on networks and traditions established in Europe, but ones that already reached across political boundaries in the splintered world of the Holy Roman Empire, or beyond it to co-religionists in Prague, Paris, or Copenhagen.

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