Dinoflagellate biostratigraphy of Eastern Indonesia stratigraphy: key of petroleum exploration success

Several major discoveries in the eastern part of Indonesia (e.g. Tangguh and Abadi) have increased more petroleum exploration interest in the area. These sizeable discoveries encountered gas in the Jurassic sandstone, which is a key reservoir target in the Northwest Shelf of Australia. The Mesozoic sandstone provenance is located in the Australian Continental Plate or also known as the Sahul Shelf. Thousands of wells were drilled in the Sahul Shelf and the stratigraphy in this area is well understood. The extension of the Mesozoic sandstone towards Indonesian territory, with much less well information, is one of the keys of success for petroleum exploration. Refinement of the stratigraphy of the eastern part of Indonesia is crucial to understand the extension.To refine the stratigraphy of Eastern Indonesia, especially for the Mesozoic interval, dinoflagellates play a significant role. Several types of this marine biota have been used by Australian stratigraphers as markers. In the case where stratigraphic tie to Northwest Shelf Australia discoveries, key wells or standard chronostratigraphy, dinoflagellate understanding is critical.Dinoflagellate markers are used to mark several subdivisions of Plover Sandstone. Norvick (2001) used W. indotata and D. caddaensis Maximum Flooding Surfaces to subdivide the reservoir target into upper, middle and lower Plover Formation. These surfaces are named after dinoflagellates. More markers were identified to mark the source rock and seal in the petroleum system. To have a detail correlation from Indonesia to the NW Shelf, understanding of dinoflagellates is crucial.

The Dakwah Movement of Kiai Muda in Eastern Indonesia: Study of Islamic Application and Islamization Models of As’adiyah

This article discusses the roles of kiai muda in offering the model of typical As'adiyah Islamic Boarding School and disseminating Islam to the Eastern part of Indonesia. Kiai muda are the descendants of ulama graduating from Ma'had Aly at Pesantren As'adiyah. The study aims to answer some fundamental queations as to what As'adiyah Islamic model and the process of Islamization conducted by kiai muda from As'adiyah. The results show that As'adiyah grounds itself on Ahlu Sunna wal Jama'ah school of thoughts that is brought by Imam Nawawi and other the proponents of Shafi'I school of thought. The orientation of Ahlu Sunna wal Jama'ah and the typical Shafi'i mazhab are well maintained and practiced both in the pesantren and the surrounding community. The teachings of this school of thought are well received by the people of Eastern part of Indonesia. Hence, by all means, this has highly influenced the practices of dakwah delivered by kiai muda. Keywords: As'adiyah, kiai muda, dakwah, Islam, Islamization Artikel ini membahas peran kiai muda dalam menerapkan model Isam khas As’adiyah beserta menyebarkannya kepada masyarakat di Indonesia Timur. Di sini, kiai muda adalah mereka yang ditetapkan sebagai kiai melalui kaderisasi ulama pada jenjang Ma’had Aly di Pesantren As’adiyah. Rumusan masalah artikel ini adalah bagaimana model penerapan Islam As’adiyah? Bagaimana model Islamisasi oleh para kiai muda dari As’adiyah? Artikel ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan menggunakan metode deskripsi-analitis terhadap data-data yang terkait tema kajian. Adapun hasil temuan artikel ini menyatakan bahwa As’adiyah memiliki paham Ahlu Sunna wal Jama’ah yang mengacu pada pandangan Imam Nawawi, dan bermazhab Syafi’i. Paham dan mazhab tersebut dijaga, dipelajari, diamalkan dan disebarkan, baik dalam lingkungan pesantren maupun ketika berdakwah kepada masyarakat. Penyebaran paham dan mazhab ini diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat, yang terlihat berdasarkan bertahan dan berkembangnya penerimaan masyarakat atas dakwah-dakwah yang disampaikan oleh kiai muda Pesantren As’adiyah. Karena itu, dalam rangka menjaga dan menyebarkan model penerapan Islam yang Ahlu Sunna wal Jama’ah dan bermazhab Syafi’i di Indonesia Timur, maka gerakan dakwah kiai muda perlu didukung dan dikembangkan. Kata Kunci: As’adiyah, kiai muda, dakwah, Islam, Islamisasi

Morphological Characterization of Taro and Its Utilization as a Learning Resource of Biology Education in Eastern Indonesia

The tendency to prioritize food crops, such as rice and wheat, to meet human needs has resulted in dependence, degradation, and loss of local knowledge. In this term, biology education plays its role by exploring the potential of local plants, including their use as learning resources. One of those local plants is the taro plant (Colocasia Esculenta L.), an alternative staple food for those who live in Eastern Indonesia. The research method used was qualitative research. The data collection techniques included observation, interviews, characterization, and questionnaires. The data collected were analyzed through descriptive analysis. The morphological characterization of taro was done based on Descriptors for Taro IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute). The poster development procedure used was the ADDIE model. The results of the exploration showed five local taro accessions that had variations in morphological characters. The plant range was directly proportional to the plant height. There was one accession that was tall (AT 5) and had the potential to be cultivated on a large scale. Most of the leaves were green, while the leaf vein color was varying, namely white, green, and purple, with harvesting periods ranging between 4 to 9 months. The leaf vein pattern has a shape like a letter Y. Five accessions had petiole cross-sections, a waxy coating on the leaf surface, and predominantly white intervenii. The assessments of material experts, media, and users showed that the poster was feasible, usable as a biology learning resource.

The Kélah Ritual of The Manggaraians in Flores-Eastern Indonesia and Its Theological Significance For Roman Catholics

This paper aims to discuss the theological significance of the traditional religious practice of the Manggaraians in Flores, eastern Indonesia called the Kélah Ritual. It is an aspect of the traditional religion of the Manggaraians. The authorities of the Catholic Church in Manggarai have been very tolerant toward the ritual and provide enough space for the Catholics to practice it. The Church, however, does not have a sufficient understanding of its theological significance due to insufficient previous studies on the subject. This paper demonstrates that the ritual has a deep theological significance. This study employed direct observation, direct participation in the Kélah Ritual in several places in Manggarai, focus group discussions, key informant interviews and questionnaires. The results of this research indicate that this ritual is a rite of passage about the human soul departing from this world to heaven conducted a few days or months after the body’s interment. It was on the day of the soul’s ascension to heaven where all of the family ancestors meet with God eternally. This research concludes that, with its theological meaning, the ritual conforms with the Catholic faith doctrine regarding the gradual departure of the human soul to heaven after its corporal death – purgatory. No soul goes right away to heaven when it is not 100% holy. The ritual, therefore, could be valued and officially incorporated into the Catholic faith tradition in order to enrich its worship to God.

Exclusive Breastfeeding Protects Young Children from Stunting in a Low-Income Population: A Study from Eastern Indonesia

The prevalence of stunting in young Indonesian children is the highest among countries belonging to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Breastfed children are reported to grow better than non-breastfed. The present study examined the protective effect of exclusive breastfeeding against stunting in children under two years old (CU2) and its interaction with monthly household expenditure. Secondary analyses were conducted based on a 2012 cross-sectional study including 408 children aged 6–24 months and their caregivers from 14 villages in rural Eastern Indonesia. Data on breastfeeding history, childcare, and household expenditures were collected using structured questionnaires. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted in each village (n = 14). Nearly two-thirds (61%) of caregivers who identified as the biological mother exclusively breastfed their child at 6 months. Exclusively-breastfed CU2 from poorer households were 20% less likely to be stunted than their non-exclusively-breastfed peers. Further, exclusively-breastfed CU2 from wealthier households were 50% less likely to be stunted than non-exclusively-breastfed CU2 from poorer households. FGDs revealed that some mothers were unaware of the importance of recommended breastfeeding practices. Exclusive breastfeeding may protect low-income children against stunting. Health promotion to improve caregiver motivation to exclusively breastfeed is critical in the present setting and beyond.

The disparities in health insurance ownership of hospital-based birth deliveries in eastern Indonesia

Background Development in Eastern Indonesia tends to be left behind compared to other Indonesian regions, including development in the health sector. The study aimed at analyzing the health insurance ownership disparities in hospital delivery in Eastern Indonesia. Methods The study draws on secondary data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey. The study population was women aged 15–49 years who had given birth in the last five years in Eastern Indonesia. The study analyzes a weighted sample size of 2299 respondents. The study employed hospital-based birth delivery as a dependent variable. Apart from health insurance ownership, other variables analyzed as independent variables are province, residence type, age group, marital status, education level, employment status, parity, and wealth status. The final stage analysis used binary logistic regression. Results The results showed that insured women were 1.426 times more likely than uninsured women to undergo hospital delivery (AOR 1.426; 95% CI 1.426–1.427). This analysis indicates that having health insurance is a protective factor for women in Eastern Indonesia for hospital delivery. There is still a disparity between insured and uninsured women in hospital-based birth deliveries in eastern Indonesia. Insured women are nearly one and a half times more likely than uninsured women to give birth in a hospital. Conclusion The study concludes that there are health insurance ownership disparities for hospital delivery in eastern Indonesia. Insured women have a better chance than uninsured women for hospital delivery.