scholarly journals Numerical simulation of the fire resistance of composite slabs with steel deck

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.23) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo A. G. Piloto ◽  
Lucas M.S. Prates ◽  
Carlos Balsa ◽  
Ronaldo Rigobello
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Concrete Layer ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Composite Solution ◽  
Steel Deck ◽  
Loadbearing Capacity ◽  
Methods Numerical

This investigation is related with the fire resistance of composite slabs with steel deck. This composite solution consists of a concrete topping cast on the top of a steel deck. The concrete is typically reinforced with a steel mesh and may also contain individual rebars. The deck also acts as reinforcement and may be exposed to accidental fire conditions from the bottom. This composite solution is widely used in every type of buildings and requires fire resistance, in accordance to regulations. The fire resistance is specified by the loadbearing capacity (R), insulation (I) and integrity (E). The fire rating for (R) and (E) is not in the scope of this investigation. The fire rating for insulation (I) is evaluated by two different methods (numerical simulation and simple calculation). The fire rating is calculated for 32 different geometric configuration, in order to evaluate the effect of the thickness of the concrete layer and the thickness of steel deck. The fire resistance (I) increases with the thickness of the concrete when using both methods, but the simple calculation method seems to be unsafe for all the cases, requiring a revision for the formulae presented in Annex D of EN1994-1-2. A new proposal is presented.  

Effect of the load level on the resistance of composite slabs with steel decking under fire conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-231
Author(s):  
Paulo AG Piloto ◽  
Carlos Balsa ◽  
Lucas MC Santos ◽  
Érica FA Kimura
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Perfect Contact ◽  
Steel Deck ◽  
Calculation Models

The fire resistance of composite slabs with steel decking, in Europe, is usually defined using simple calculation models provided by the Eurocode EN 1994-1-2. For assessing the methodology of these simple calculation methods, a new advanced calculation method is presented, using the software ANSYS. The numerical model is first validated with experimental data reported on bibliography and then a parametric analysis is conducted to better understand the effect of the load level on the composite structure under fire. The validation of the simulations consisted of three different models: the first model considers perfect contact between the steel deck and the concrete topping, and the two following models consider the existence of an air gap between these materials, acting as a thermal resistance on the temperature field through the thickness of the slab. The numerical results show good approximation to the experimental results, mainly when using the non-perfect contact model, reaching 3.88% and 16.91% of difference with respect to the insulation and load-bearing criteria, respectively. Based on the validation models, a parametric study is presented, modifying the load level from 10% up to 75%. New simple calculation models are presented to define the fire resistance of composite slabs, considering the load level, and the debonding effect between the concrete and the steel deck.

Fire resistance of composite slabs with steel deck under natural fire

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo A.G. Piloto ◽  
Carlos Balsa ◽  
Felipe Macedo Macêdo Gomes ◽  
Bergson Matias
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Composite Slab ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Natural Fire ◽  
Fire Scenario ◽  
Composite Slabs ◽  
Cooling Phase ◽  
Steel Deck

PurposeMost of the numerical research and experiments on composite slabs with a steel deck have been developed to study the effect of fire during the heating phase. This manuscript aims to describe the thermal behaviour of composite slabs when submitted to different fire scenarios, considering the heating and cooling phase.Design/methodology/approachThree-dimensional numerical models, based on finite elements, are developed to analyse the temperatures inside the composite slab and, consequently, to estimate the fire resistance, considering the insulation criteria (I). The numerical methods developed are validated with experimental results available in the literature. In addition, this paper presents a parametric study of the effects on fire resistance caused by the thickness of the concrete part of the slab as well as the natural fire scenario.FindingsThe results show that, depending on the fire scenario, the fire resistance criterion can be reached during the cooling phase, especially for the thickest composite slabs. Based on the results, new coefficients are proposed for the original simplified model, proposed by the standard.Originality/valueThe developed numerical models allow us to realistically simulate the thermal effects caused by a natural fire in a composite slab and the new proposal enables us to estimate the fire resistance time of composite slabs with a steel deck, even if it occurs in the cooling phase.

Improved calculation method for insulation-based fire resistance of composite slabs

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 144-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Jiang ◽  
Adam Pintar ◽  
Jonathan M. Weigand ◽  
Joseph A. Main ◽  
Fahim Sadek
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Composite Slabs

A Simple Calculation Method of Flashover Characteristics for Long Air Gaps under Various Discharge Conditions

1993 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-258
Author(s):  
Kiyoto Nishijima ◽  
Itaru Tsuneyasu ◽  
Hiraku Nakahodo ◽  
Masaharu Minakami
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Air Gaps

scholarly journals Progress in Experimental and Theoretical Evaluation Methods for Textile Permeability

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Karaki ◽  
Rafic Younes ◽  
Francois Trochu ◽  
Pascal Lafon
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Unidirectional Fiber ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Performance Preparation ◽  
Personal Performance ◽  
Methods Numerical

A great amount of attention has been given to the evaluation of the permeability tensor and several methods have been implemented for this purpose: experimental methods, as well as numerical and analytical methods. Numerical simulation tools are being seriously developed to cover the evaluation of permeability. However, the results are still far from matching reality. On the other hand, many problems still intervene in the experimental measurement of permeability, since it depends on several parameters including personal performance, preparation of specimens, equipment accuracy, and measurement techniques. Errors encountered in these parameters may explain why inconsistent measurements are obtained which result in unreliable experimental evaluation of permeability. However, good progress was done in the second international Benchmark, wherein a method to measure the in-plane permeability was agreed on by 12 institutes and universities. Critical researchers’ work was done in the field of analytical methods, and thus different empirical and analytical models have emerged, but most of those models need to be improved. Some of which are based on Cozeny-Karman equation. Others depend on numerical simulation or experiment to predict the macroscopic permeability. Also, the modeling of permeability of unidirectional fiber beds have taken the greater load of concern, whereas that of fiber bundle permeability prediction remain limited. This paper presents a review on available methods for evaluating unidirectional fiber bundles and engineering fabric permeability. The progress of each method is shown in order to clear things up.

scholarly journals Fire resistance of timber-concrete composite slabs

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Ogrin ◽  
Tomaž Hozjan
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Composite Slabs
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