scholarly journals A framework program for the teaching of alternative methods (replacement, reduction, refinement) to animal experimentation

ALTEX ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mardas Daneshian
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Alternative Methods

scholarly journals Ethics for the Living World: Alternative Methods and New Strategies for the Protection of Nonhuman Animals

Relations ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
Susanna Penco ◽  
Rosagemma Ciliberti
Keyword(s):  
Reference Point ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
European Directive ◽  
Nonhuman Animals ◽  
New Strategies

The use of animals in laboratories is a controversial issue involving much dispute between the researchers who support animal experimentation and those who are in favor of its abolishment. The former, whilst criticizing the emotional behavior of those who oppose it, consider experimentation on animals unavoidable, whereas the latter criticize animal experiments and the underlying logic as erroneous considering its methods unscientific and therefore misleading. This paper stems from the idea of researching into possible ways of developing or improving new alternative strategies for animal experimentation by finding adequate solutions beyond dogmatic opposition in the context of the current European Directive 2010/63/EU (the main reference point for the experimentation on animals) for the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. More specifically the paper aims at offering the readers a working proposal, while duly respecting the protocol for the post mortem donation of their own corpses for the purposes of study and research. As we believe diseases need to be cured and not only treated, we are advocating post mortem studies on organs which could lead to the discovery of the causes of unknown etiological pathologies. The commitment to the implementation of constantly new and innovative alternatives concerning animal experimentation is right and proper, especially in the light of the ‘enormous debt’ which the Italian National Bioethics Committee stated that mankind has towards nonhuman living beings.

Factors Related to Animal Neglect in Brazilian Laboratories

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Carli Bones ◽  
Carla Forte Maiolino Molento
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Animal Neglect

Our objectives were to identify the prevalence of negligence of laboratory animals in Brazil, to determine the primary factors associated with its occurrence and to suggest prevention strategies. A questionnaire was made available online between October 2015 and March 2016. A total of 116 respondents with experience in the use of laboratory animals and/or the use of alternative methods answered the questionnaire. Most respondents were women (77 respondents, 66.4%), a significant proportion had a degree in Veterinary Medicine (31 respondents, 27.2%), and a majority used animals in their work (88 respondents, 75.9%). Of the 88 animal users, 23 supplied information on the numbers and species of animals they used. When asked whether they knew that Brazilian law forbade animal experimentation when alternative methods exist, seven (9.1%) respondents mentioned Act 9605/1998. Most, but not all, respondents (96 respondents, 82.8%) submitted their projects to an Animal Use and Ethics Committee (AUEC), and many (65 respondents, 56%) reported their belief that animal neglect occurred at their institution. Negligence was found to be associated with: institutions where the numbers of animals used were not recorded ( p = 0.008); institutions where respondents were unaware of the relevant legislation, that is, Act 9605/1998 ( p = 0.042); or where there was evidence that not all project proposals were submitted to the AUEC or evidence of no submissions at all ( p = 0.022). Negligence of animals was found to be highly prevalent. Prevention strategies might involve increased transparency to the general public, the empowerment of individuals that work with animals to report any concerns, optimised inspection of facilities where animal work is carried out and significant improvements to the role of AUECs.

Achieving the Achievable: A Review of Animals in Politics

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Clive Hollands
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Medical Experiments

The background to the passage through the British Parliament of the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act 1986 is reviewed, with particular emphasis on the significance of Animal Welfare Year (1976/77) and the role of the Houghton/Platt Memorandum and the alliance formed by the British Veterinary Association, the Committee for the Reform of Animal Experimentation and the Fund for the Replacement of Animals in Medical Experiments. The importance of the new legislation is discussed, with particular reference to the restriction of pain, the reduction in the numbers of animals used, the development and use of humane alternative methods in research, and public accountability.

scholarly journals The Protozoan Tetrahymena: Cellular Model for Biological Studies

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Papa Daouda Mar ◽  
Bouchra El Khalfi ◽  
Mounir Benyoussef ◽  
Abdelaziz Soukri
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Short Life ◽  
Animal Protection ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Eukaryotic Organism ◽  
Fundamental Biology

Biological research, including clinical trials, mainly uses animals as model organisms. Currently, animal experimentation remains controversial for several reasons, namely the implementation of animal protection and ethics panels, the high costs and the long duration of experiments. These constraints encourage researchers to use alternative methods in order to overcome these barriers. The ciliate Tetrahymena is a unicellular eukaryotic organism that has contributed significantly to the acquisition of knowledge in the field of fundamental biology. Characterised by a well-ordered structure and a short life cycle, the protozoan Tetrahymena is very commonly used in the laboratory due to the ease involved in handling it. Therefore, this organism has allowed researchers to elucidate a number of mechanisms in higher organisms including mammals. This bibliographic review describes the favourable biological characteristics of the protozoan Tetrahymena as well as various physiological and molecular studies that have been carried out on this organism. Studies have shown that Tetrahymena is one of the alternatives to animal experimentation and a major contributor to the development of biological and life sciences.

scholarly journals A survey of attitudes of Turkish veterinary students and educators about animal use in research 

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 413-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yerlikaya ◽  
A. Ozen ◽  
A. Yasar ◽  
A. Armutak ◽  
R. Ozturk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Veterinary Students ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
Animal Tests

In this study, veterinary students and veterinary educators from FiratVeterinarySchool,IstanbulVeterinarySchool andSelcukVeterinarySchool were surveyed to evaluate their attitudes to animal use in research. Data were collected from 330 students and 204 educators by personal interviews. All participants showed anthropocentric attitudes toward animal use in research. Most of the participants agreed on items regarding the animal tests being easier, more scientific, more common, more economical and more reliable than alternative methods, but they also signified that they did not agree with the item indicating that theanimal experimentation is more conscience. In conclusion, we can state that both the veterinary students and the educators are in a complete dilemma in the discussions regarding the animal experimentation. In order to avoid the negative circumstances that can arise from this dilemma, it could be said that veterinary schools should be supported in this aspect with related courses to be included within their curriculum.

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