Study on the role of sulfate reduction and autotrophic denitrification to achieve excess sludge minimization for Hong Kong sewage

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Ngai Lau
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Sludge Minimization

Fecal coliform removal in a sulfate reduction, autotrophic denitrification and nitrification integrated (SANI) process for saline sewage treatment

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2564-2570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safra Abdeen ◽  
Wu Di ◽  
Lu Hui ◽  
Guang-Hao Chen ◽  
Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Fecal Coliform ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Saline Wastewater ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Activated Sludge Processes

The Sulfate Reduction, Autotrophic Denitrification, Nitrification Integrated (SANI) process has been specially designed to treat saline wastewater. In the process no biological excess sludge is produced. SANI process also has the added advantages of cost and footprint reduction when compared to traditional activated sludge processes. In the SANI pilot plant, the fecal coliform removal efficiency in the sulfate reducing up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB) was found to be 1.4 log, whereas that in the subsequent anoxic and aerobic reactors it was 0.6 and 0.2 log, respectively, leading to a relatively high overall coliform removal of 2.2 log. Sulfide was confirmed to be toxic to fecal coliform and the contact time between the sulfide produced and coliform in the SRUSB played an important role in the removal.

Pilot scale evaluation of SANI® process for sludge minimization and greenhouse gas reduction in saline sewage treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 2149-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lu ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Daniel T. W. Tang ◽  
G. H. Chen ◽  
Mark. C. M. van Loosdrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Reduction ◽  
Sludge Minimization ◽  
Dissolved Sulfide

This study reports on a pilot trial of the SANI® process (Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated process) in Hong Kong. A pilot-scale SANI plant treating saline sewage at 10 m3/day was scaled-up from a lab-scale system treating synthetic saline sewage. The plant consisted of a sulfate reduction up-flow sludge bed (SRUSB), an anoxic bioreactor (BAR1) for autotrophic denitrification utilizing dissolved sulfide produced by the SRUSB and an aerobic bioreactor (BAR2) for nitrification. The SANI® pilot plant was successfully operated for 225 days and achieved average COD, TSS, TN removal of 87, 87, and 57%, respectively. The ratio of MLVSS to MLSS in the SRUSB was stable at 0.7 and the average sludge volume index (SVI) was constantly below 110 ml/g. No sludge was purposely withdrawn from the plant during 225-day plant operation. This was attributed to a very low observed sludge yield (0.02 kgVSS/kgCOD removed) of the SRUSB reactor. DNA extraction, PCA amplification results revealed that no methanogens were detected in the SRUSB. SANI® can reduce 90% sludge production, 35% energy and 36% GHG compared to conventional biological nutrient removal (CBNR) process.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis L. F Lee ◽  
Joseph M Chan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Media System ◽  
System P ◽  
Connective Action ◽  
Integrated Media ◽  
Media And Communication ◽  
The Ideal

Chapter 1 introduces the background of the Umbrella Movement, a protest movement that took hold in Hong Kong in 2014, and outlines the theoretical principles underlying the analysis of the role of media and communication in the occupation campaign. It explicates how the Umbrella Movement is similar to but also different from the ideal-typical networked social movement and crowd-enabled connective action. It explains why the Umbrella Movement should be seen as a case in which the logic of connective action intervenes into a planned collective action. It also introduces the notion of conditioned contingencies and the conceptualization of an integrated media system.

Hong Kong University Students’ Normative Beliefs about Aggression toward Police during Social Protests 2019–2020: The Role of Ecological Risks and Future Orientation

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872110141
Author(s):  
Jian-Bin Li ◽  
Catrin Finkenauer
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
University Students ◽  
Community Violence ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Ecological Risks ◽  
Normative Beliefs ◽  
Poor Family ◽  
Social Protests ◽  
Delinquent Peers

We examined the association between normative beliefs about aggression toward police (NBAGG→P) and participation in social protests during 2019–2020 and use of aggression among 1,025 Hong Kong university students. We also investigated the role of ecological risks (i.e., distrust in institutions, exposure to community violence, poor family monitoring, poor university discipline and affiliation with delinquent peers) and future orientation in NBAGG→P. The results showed that NBAGG→P was related to more participation in social protests and use of aggression. Ecological risks (except for poor family monitoring) and a positive future orientation were related to more and less NBAGG→P, respectively. Moreover, the “distrust in institutions and NBAGG→P” link was stronger for students with more, rather than less, positive future orientation.

Who Are the Stalking Victims? Exploring the Victimization Experiences and Psychosocial Characteristics of Young Male and Female Adults in Hong Kong

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051988993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng Choon (Oliver) Chan ◽  
Lorraine Sheridan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Psychosocial Characteristics ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence Rate ◽  
Victimization Experience ◽  
Stalking Victims ◽  
Stalking Victimization

Most stalking studies are conducted in the West. Limited information is available on victims of stalking from the Asian continent. This study specifically explored the victimization experiences of young male and female adults in Hong Kong. Using a large sample of university students ( N = 2,496) aged between 18 and 40 years, the gender distribution of stalking incident characteristics was examined, along with prevalence of various stalking behaviors, and victim–offender relationships by types of stalking behaviors. The differential role of demographic and psychosocial characteristics in stalking victimization experience was also explored. The lifetime prevalence rate of stalking victimization was 8.2%, with a higher estimate in females than males (11.6% vs. 3.8%). The sample analyzed in this study was 196 stalking victims. Although surveillance-oriented behaviors were most frequently reported by both males and females, significant gender differences in types of stalking behaviors were noted. Multivariate analyses indicated that increases in age and levels of self-esteem were correlated with an increased probability of experiencing stalking victimization, while being a male and higher levels of life satisfaction were related to a lower likelihood of falling prey to stalking victimization. This study concludes with a call for anti-stalking legislation in Hong Kong given the devastating nature and consequences of stalking victimization.

Large-scale demonstration of the sulfate reduction autotrophic denitrification nitrification integrated (SANI®) process in saline sewage treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 496-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wu ◽  
George A. Ekama ◽  
Ho-Kwong Chui ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Yan-Xiang Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfate Reduction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Autotrophic Denitrification
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