scholarly journals Próba przezwyciężenia doktryny podwójnej prawdy przez Galileusza

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 17-38
Author(s):  
Marek Sołtysiak
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Autonomy Of Science ◽  
Fides Et Ratio ◽  
Science And Faith

The article is an attempt to answer the question of whether Galileo has overcome the doctrine of double truth in Copernican letters. The answer to this question is not unequivocal, just as the ‘Galileo case’ is unequivocal. As it is well known, the attempt to defend Copernicanism ended tragically for him. He had to revoke his view that the Earth revolves around the Sun. Also, as for the „evidence” presented by him on this matter, it proved to be either insufficient or false. However, the principle of the autonomy of science and faith, his emphasis on the authority of scientific knowledge and the authority of the Bible survived the period of condemnation of his thoughts and made itself felt in the nineteenth century, and today they determine the fides et ratio relation.

The Nineteenth-Century Perspective

Impact! ◽  
1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit L. Verschuur
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Chemical Signature ◽  
The Earth ◽  
John Herschel ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Difficult Issue

If comets and asteroids have a habit of wandering dangerously close to the earth, why wasn’t the danger recognized a long time ago? It was. In fact, before the beginning of the twentieth century the threat of comets was taken for granted (asteroids had not yet entered the picture). Most astronomers in the nineteenth century accepted that the danger of collision was so obvious that it hardly warranted argument. How they elaborated on the danger varied from the understated, as in the case of Sir John Herschel who in 1835 said that the experience of passing through a comet’s tail might not be “unattended by danger,” to the dramatic, as we shall see. In 1840, Thomas Dick, a well-known popularizer of astronomy, wrote a wonderful book entitled The Sidereal Heavens. In it he reviewed all that was known about the heavens, and did so from a theologian’s perspective. This meant that he repeatedly reminded his readers that the splendor of the night skies was largely the responsibility of the “Divine.” But then, if the existence of planets, comets, nebulae, stars, the sun and moon could be attributed to God, this raised a difficult issue for Dick. If comets were also part of God’s plan, why did the threat of impact exist? Surely God would never allow his creation to be destroyed. Dick did not shy from his predicament and began to search for an answer by conceding that little was known about the nature and origin of comets. At the time it was thought that the head of a comet probably consisted of “something analogous to globular masses of vapor, slightly condensed towards the center, and shining either by inherent light or by the reflected rays of the sun.” The reason he could not be sure as to why the head glowed was because the means to study the properties of light had not yet been invented. That required the development of the spectroscope decades later, a device that breaks light into its various colors, which, when examined closely, can reveal the chemical signature of the object from which the light arrives.

scholarly journals Editors' note: bibliometrics and the curators of orthodoxy

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Citation Indexes ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Time Away

Have you ever seen the Citation Indexes (CIs) for the year 1600? At that time, a very active community was working on the reconstruction of planetary movements by means of epicycles. In principle, any ellipse around the Sun may be approximated by sufficiently many epicycles around the Earth. This is a non-trivial geometrical task, especially given the lack of analytical tools (sums of series). And the books and papers of many talented geometers quoted one another. Scientific knowledge, however, was already taking other directions. Science has a certain ‘inertia’, it is prudent (at times, it has been exceedingly so, mostly for political or metaphysical reasons), but even under the best of conditions, we all know how difficult it is to accept new ideas, to let them blossom in time, away from short-term pressures.

scholarly journals JJP Valeton jr as godsdienshistorikus

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Loader
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Old Testament ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Critical Approach ◽  
Israelite Religion ◽  
The Bible ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church

JJP Valeton Jnr was one of the main founders of the theological current in nineteenth century Holland called 'the ethical theology'. Some of the most prominent members of this current were, like Valeton, Old Testament specialists. One of the main characteristics of the ethicals was their distinction between scientific knowledge and the knowledge of faith. This enabled them to adopt a critical approach to the Bible while at the same time remaining active in the service of the church. In this article it is shown how Valeton applied this principle in his work on the history of Israelite religion. An attempt is made to demonstrate how his insight was more penetrating than that of even the great Abraham Kuenen.

Down to Earth

2019 ◽  
pp. 182-196
Author(s):  
Nicolaas Rupke
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Alexander Von Humboldt ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Epistemological Naturalism

The rise of naturalism in the earth sciences is discussed in terms of the disappearance from the geological literature of references to the Bible and God. From Immanuel Kant’s ground-breaking nebular hypothesis of 1755, such references were to be found with decreasing frequency in the leading treatises that dealt with the origin and historical development of Earth. Biblical cosmogony and God-talk were not included in the new earth and planetary sciences but relegated to the sphere of metaphysics. Especially Alexander von Humboldt, by the middle of the nineteenth century, proved trend-setting, and the Humboldtian approach of epistemological naturalism acquired predominance. All the same, in many instances, the disentanglement of geology and theology did not go with anti-religious sentiment but with what Ronald Numbers refers to as the privatization of religion.

Peale's 1799 Theory of the Earth

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Ellis Yochelson
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Long Life

In 1799, as an outgrowth of his museum in Philadelphia and in conjunction with his interest in public education, C. W. Peale gave a series of lectures. Most were on animals, particularly birds, but the first part of his first lecture included a theory of the earth, hitherto unpublished. Peale suggested that attraction and repulsion by electricity generated by the sun resulted in a varying orbit and speed of rotation for the earth. This electric charge was responsible for the Deluge of Noah. The subsequent changes in the Earth's orbit explained the seemingly long life spans of the early generations mentioned in the bible.

Kabbalistic Physiology: Isaac the Blind, Nahmanides, and Moses de Leon on Menstruation

AJS Review ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Koren
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Science And Faith

Science and faith were inextricably intertwined in the Latin Middle Ages. Clerics would attend to both spiritual and physical needs because the need to care for the body coincided with the need to care for the soul. Until the rise of universities in the twelfth century, monasteries were the centers of scientific knowledge. And, even after the professionalization of medicine in the thirteenth century, Christian physicians continued to look to the Bible, in addition to their license, as the source of their authority. Indeed, many Christian physicians who received medical degrees went on to pursue higher degrees in theology. It is therefore not surprising that several Christian theologians used medical theories in the service of theology.

scholarly journals The Wild Theory of Nicolaus Copernicus

ADALAH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Zahra
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Long Time ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Nicolaus Copernicus ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Church ◽  
Modern Astronomy

Heliocentrism is one of the controversial theory which was found by Nicolaus Copernicus. This theory described that the Sun is the center of the universe and it was opposed to geocentrism, which placed the Earth at the center. This theory is contrary to the principles of the church and the contents of the Bible at that time. Some scientists oppose the formulation of Nicolaus Copernicus because it contradicts the principles of the church. Although he was in good standing with the Church. At this time, Copernicus was praised by many as the Father of Modern Astronomy. Indeed, his description of the universe was purified and improved by later scientists, such as Galileo, Kepler, and Newton. The controversy of the theory that was sparked by him made us aware of the fragility of scientific concepts that have been accepted for a long time. Through research, observation, and mathematics, Copernicus overturned a scientific and church concept that was rooted but was mistaken that the center of the solar system was the earth, an incorrect concept.Keywords: heliocentrism, the principles of the church, controversyAbstrakHeliosentrisme adalah salah satu teori kontroversial yang ditemukan oleh Nicolaus Copernicus. Teori ini menggambarkan bahwa matahari adalah pusat di alam semesta dan ia menentang geosentrisme, yang menempatkan bumi di tengah. Teori ini bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip gereja dan isi Alkitab pada waktu itu. Beberapa ilmuwan menentang perumusan Nicolaus Copernicus karena bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip gereja. Meskipun dia dalam posisi yang baik dengan gereja. Pada saat ini, Copernicus dipuji oleh banyak orang sebagai Bapak Astronomi Modern. Memang, uraiannya tentang alam semesta dimurnikan dan ditingkatkan oleh para ilmuwan kemudian, seperti Galileo, Kepler, dan Newton. Kontroversi teori yang dipicu olehnya membuat kita sadar akan kerapuhan konsep-konsep ilmiah yang telah diterima sejak lama. Melalui penelitian, pengamatan, dan matematika, Copernicus menjungkirbalikkan konsep ilmiah dan gereja yang berakar tetapi keliru bahwa pusat tata surya adalah bumi, sebuah konsep yang salah.Kata kunci: heliosentrisme, prinsip-prinsip gereja, kontroversi

Seti Space Missions

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 761-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Maccone
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Gravitational Lens ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Space Antenna ◽  
Focal Distance ◽  
Large Space ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Space Antennas ◽  
New Space

AbstractSETI from space is currently envisaged in three ways: i) by large space antennas orbiting the Earth that could be used for both VLBI and SETI (VSOP and RadioAstron missions), ii) by a radiotelescope inside the Saha far side Moon crater and an Earth-link antenna on the Mare Smythii near side plain. Such SETIMOON mission would require no astronaut work since a Tether, deployed in Moon orbit until the two antennas landed softly, would also be the cable connecting them. Alternatively, a data relay satellite orbiting the Earth-Moon Lagrangian pointL2would avoid the Earthlink antenna, iii) by a large space antenna put at the foci of the Sun gravitational lens: 1) for electromagnetic waves, the minimal focal distance is 550 Astronomical Units (AU) or 14 times beyond Pluto. One could use the huge radio magnifications of sources aligned to the Sun and spacecraft; 2) for gravitational waves and neutrinos, the focus lies between 22.45 and 29.59 AU (Uranus and Neptune orbits), with a flight time of less than 30 years. Two new space missions, of SETI interest if ET’s use neutrinos for communications, are proposed.

Spots on the Sun and Life on the Earth

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-77
Author(s):  
Valentina V. Ukraintseva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Sun ◽  
The Earth
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