scholarly journals Manipulating the perception of time affects voluntary breath‐holding duration

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah J. Vigran ◽  
Anna G. Kapral ◽  
Eric D. Tytell ◽  
Mimi H. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Breath Holding ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding

scholarly journals Analysis of diaphragm movement, during tidal breathing and during its activation while breath holding, using MRI synchronized with spirometry

2009 ◽  
pp. 383-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Kolář ◽  
J Neuwirth ◽  
J Šanda ◽  
V Suchánek ◽  
Z Svatá ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Movement ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Dynamic Mri ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Costophrenic Angle ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding

Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in conjunction with synchronized spirometry we analyzed and compared diaphragm movement during tidal breathing and voluntary movement of the diaphragm while breath holding. Breathing cycles of 16 healthy subjects were examined using a dynamic sequence (77 slices in sagittal plane during 20 s, 1NSA, 240x256, TR4.48, TE2.24, FA90, TSE1, FOV 328). The amplitude of movement of the apex and dorsal costophrenic angle of the diaphragm were measured for two test conditions: tidal breathing and voluntary breath holding. The maximal inferior and superior positions of the diaphragm were subtracted from the corresponding positions during voluntary movements while breath holding. The average amplitude of inferio-superior movement of the diaphragm apex during tidal breathing was 27.3±10.2 mm (mean ± SD), and during voluntary movement while breath holding was 32.5±16.2 mm. Movement of the costophrenic angle was 39±17.6 mm during tidal breathing and 45.5±21.2 mm during voluntary movement while breath holding. The inferior position of the diaphragm was lower in 11 of 16 subjects (68.75 %) and identical in 2 of 16 (12.5 %) subjects during voluntary movement compared to the breath holding. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to demonstrate that movement of the costophrenic angle and apex of the diaphragm had a linear relationship in both examined situations (r=0.876). A correlation was found between the amplitude of diaphragm movement during tidal breathing and lung volume (r=0.876). The amplitude of movement of the diaphragm with or without breathing showed no correlation to each other (r=0.074). The movement during tidal breathing shows a correlation with the changes in lung volumes. Dynamic MRI demonstrated that individuals are capable of moving their diaphragm voluntarily, but the amplitude of movement differs from person to person. In this study, the movements of the diaphragm apex and the costophrenic angle were synchronous during voluntary movement of the diaphragm while breath holding. Although the sample is small, this study confirms that the function of the diaphragm is not only respiratory but also postural and can be voluntarily controlled.

scholarly journals Voluntary breath-holding for breast cancer radiotherapy is consistent and stable

2015 ◽  
Vol 88 (1054) ◽  
pp. 20150309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Colgan ◽  
Matthew James ◽  
Frederick R Bartlett ◽  
Anna M Kirby ◽  
Ellen M Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Cancer Radiotherapy ◽  
Breast Cancer Radiotherapy ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding

Ventilatory Chemosensitivity in Subjects with a History of Childhood Cyanotic Breath-Holding Spells

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-79
Author(s):  
Nick G. Anas ◽  
John T. McBride ◽  
Christian Boettrich ◽  
Kenneth McConnochie ◽  
John G. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Breath Holding ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
History Of Childhood ◽  
Ventilatory Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Progressive Hypoxia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding ◽  
Infants And Young Children

The ability of children with cyanotic breath-holding spells to respond to anger or frustration by voluntary breath-holding for prolonged periods (often to the point of precipitating hypoxic seizure activity) suggested the hypothesis that such children may have a less powerful urge to breathe in the presence of hypoxia and/or hypercapnia than children who do not have breath-holding spells. Because ventilatory chemosensitivity is difficult to measure in infants and young children, this hypothesis was tested indirectly by measuring the ventilatory responses to hyperoxic progressive hypercapnia and to isocapnic progressive hypoxia of seven individuals who had a history of cyanotic breath-holding spells in infancy and 17 control subjects. The mean values for sensitivity to hypoxia and to hypercapnia were not significantly different between the two groups, and the responses of the majority of the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells were clearly within the normal range. There were fewer individuals with high-normal ventilatory responses among the subjects with cyanotic breath-holding spells. Although children with cyanotic breath-holding spells may have decreased ventilatory chemosensitivity transiently during infancy or may differ from other children in some other aspect of the control of breathing, the pathogenesis of infantile cyanotic breath-holding spells does not involve a permanently blunted sensitivity to hypercapnia or hypoxia.

Hypoxemia during apnea in normal subjects: mechanisms and impact of lung volume

1983 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1777-1783 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Findley ◽  
A. L. Ries ◽  
G. M. Tisi ◽  
P. D. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Lung Volume ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Single Compartment ◽  
Single Compartment Model ◽  
Alveolar Hypoventilation ◽  
Arterial O2 Saturation ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding

Seven normal awake males were studied to define the mechanisms and impact of lung volume on the hypoxemia occurring during apnea. During repeated 30-s voluntary breath holding, these subjects were studied at different lung volumes, during various respiratory maneuvers, and in the sitting and supine body positions. Analysis of expired gases and arterial O2 saturation during these repeated breath holdings yielded the following conclusions. Apnea of 30-s duration at low lung volumes is accompanied by severe arterial O2 desaturation in normal awake subjects. Initial lung volume is the most important determinant of hypoxemia during apnea. The hypoxemia of apnea at most lung volumes can be explained by simple alveolar hypoventilation in a uniform lung. The lung does not behave as a single-compartment model at lung volumes at which dependent airways are susceptible to closure.

Hold your breath: voluntary breath-holding time predicts defensive activation to approaching internal threat

2021 ◽  
pp. 108196
Author(s):  
Elischa Krause ◽  
Christoph Benke ◽  
Alfons O. Hamm ◽  
Christiane A. Pané-Farré
Keyword(s):  
Holding Time ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding

Changes in respiratory function and physical performance in middle-aged and old inpatients recovering from COVID-19 after a rehabilitation program

2022 ◽  
pp. 934-940
Author(s):  
К.Ф. Борчев ◽  
Д.В. Бондарев ◽  
А.Б. Муромцев ◽  
Н.В. Печерная
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Comprehensive Rehabilitation ◽  
Geriatric Inpatients ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding ◽  
Rehabilitation Time

Степень изменений дыхательной функции и физической подготовленности у пациентов, выздоравливающих после COVID-19, представляет интерес для реабилитационных мер. 56 пациентов (67 % - женщины), средний возраст - 64±11 лет, перенесшие COVID-19, прошли курс комплексной реабилитации (16,9±3,8 дня). После курса реабилитации пациенты показали улучшение дыхательной функции: проба Штанге - на 19 % (p=0,006), проба Генчи - на 25 % (p=0,026), улучшение самочувствия по результатам КТ легких (p<0,001); повышение физической подготовленности: скорость привычной ходьбы - на 80 % (р=0,025); толерантности к физической нагрузке: пройденное расстояние до первых признаков утомления - на 227 % (р<0,001), ЧСС в покое - на 1 % (р=0,011). Темпы изменений дыхательной функции и физической подготовленности были значительными и превышали подобные изменения, приводимые в литературе для относительно здоровых пожилых людей, которые приступают к физическим занятиям. Однако абсолютные показатели функции дыхания и физической подготовленности после реабилитационной программы были ниже нормированных значений для данного возраста. Данные результаты могут быть полезны для клиницистов при составлении программы реабилитации пациентов, перенёсших COVID-19. Changes in respiratory and physical performance in geriatric inpatients recovering from COVID-19 are of interest for rehabilitation interventions. 56 inpatients (67 % women), average age 64±11 years recovering from COVID-19 underwent a comprehensive rehabilitation program (16,9±3,8 days). After the rehabilitation program, the patients showed an improvement in respiratory function: voluntary breath-holding after inhalation - by 19 % (p=0,006), breath-holding after exhalation - by 25 % (p=0,026), lungs computed tomography (p<0,001); physical performance: handgrip strength - by 14 % (p=0,083), preferred walking speed - by 80 % (p=0,025); exercise tolerance: distance walked until the first signs of fatigue - by 227 % (p<0,001), resting heart rate - by 1 % (p=0,011). The interaction of rehabilitation time and patient sex was statically nonsignificant across all variables of interest. The rates of changes in respiratory function and physical performance were significant and exceeded similar changes recorded in healthy old people who begin an exercise program. However, in absolute values, respiratory function and physical performance values after the rehabilitation were lower than reference values for this age group. These results can be valuable for clinicians when designing a rehabilitation program for geriatric patients recovering from COVID-19.

A Simple Respiratory Indicator for Irradiation during Voluntary Breath Holding: A One-Touch Device without Electronic Materials

Radiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. 917-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Onishi ◽  
Hideyuki Kawakami ◽  
Kan Marino ◽  
Takafumi Komiyama ◽  
Kengo Kuriyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Materials ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Voluntary Breath Holding
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