scholarly journals Chronic unpredictable stress regulates visceral adipocyte-mediated glucose metabolism and inflammatory circuits in male rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. e00284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iordanes Karagiannides ◽  
Viktoriya Golovatscka ◽  
Kyriaki Bakirtzi ◽  
Aristea Sideri ◽  
Martha Salas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress

In Vitro Diabetogenic Effect of Cadmium on Liver

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agung Biworo ◽  
Dwi Rezki Amalia ◽  
Gratianus Billy Himawan ◽  
Lisda Rizky Amalia ◽  
Valentina Halim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Liver Homogenate ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Glycogen Level ◽  
Liver Sample ◽  
Km Value ◽  
Cd Exposure ◽  
Menten Constant

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of cadmium (Cd) on glucose metabolism disruption in liver cells homogenate in vitro. The glucose metabolism disruption was analyzed by measuring the level of liver glucose, glycogen and methylglyoxal (MG), and the activity of glucokinase activity. In this experiment, a liver sample was taken from male rats (Rattus novergicus). Samples then homogenized and divided into four groups with; C served as control which contains liver homogenate only; T1 which contains liver homogenate + 0.03 mg/l of cadmium sulphate (CdSO4); T2 which contains liver homogenate + 0.3 mg/l of CdSO4; and T3 which contains liver homogenate + 3 mg/l of CdSO4. After treatment, liver glucose, glycogen, and MG levels, and glucokinase activity were estimated. The activity of liver glucokinase was estimated by measuring the Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) value. The results revealed that Cd exposure could significantly increase glucose and MG levels, the Km value of glucokinase, and decreased the glycogen level in liver cells (P>0.05). These results indicated that Cd exposure induced the disruption of glucose metabolism in the liver.

scholarly journals Testosterone activates glucose metabolism through AMPK and androgen signaling in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayarling Francisca Troncoso ◽  
Mario Pavez ◽  
Carlos Wilson ◽  
Daniel Lagos ◽  
Javier Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cardiac Hypertrophy ◽  
Glucose Uptake ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Cultured Cardiomyocytes

Abstract Background Testosterone regulates nutrient and energy balance to maintain protein synthesis and metabolism in cardiomyocytes, but supraphysiological concentrations induce cardiac hypertrophy. Previously, we determined that testosterone increased glucose uptake—via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)—after acute treatment in cardiomyocytes. However, whether elevated glucose uptake is involved in long-term changes of glucose metabolism or is required during cardiomyocyte growth remained unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that glucose uptake and glycolysis increase in testosterone-treated cardiomyocytes through AMPK and androgen receptor (AR). Methods Cultured cardiomyocytes were stimulated with 100 nM testosterone for 24 h, and hypertrophy was verified by increased cell size and mRNA levels of β-myosin heavy chain (β-mhc). Glucose uptake was assessed by 2-NBDG. Glycolysis and glycolytic capacity were determined by measuring extracellular acidification rate (ECAR). Results Testosterone induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy that was accompanied by increased glucose uptake, glycolysis enhancement and upregulated mRNA expression of hexokinase 2. In addition, testosterone increased AMPK phosphorylation (Thr172), while inhibition of both AMPK and AR blocked glycolysis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by testosterone. Moreover, testosterone supplementation in adult male rats by 5 weeks induced cardiac hypertrophy and upregulated β-mhc, Hk2 and Pfk2 mRNA levels. Conclusion These results indicate that testosterone stimulates glucose metabolism by activation of AMPK and AR signaling which are critical to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

scholarly journals Effect of Voluntary Exercise Training on Corticosterone Level and Immobility Behavior Induced by Chronic Stress in Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-169
Author(s):  
Zahra Entezari ◽  
◽  
Ayyub Babaei ◽  
Saleh Rahmati-Ahmadabad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
Corticosterone Concentration ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Immobility Time

Background: Depression is a common mood disorder that in the long-term impairs thoughts, behavior, feelings, and health. Chronic unpredictable stress is one of the factors that can cause depression. Objectives: To investigate the effect of voluntary exercise training on immobility behavior (caused by chronic unpredictable stress) and serum corticosterone concentration. Materials & Methods: A total of 24 male rats were randomly and equally assigned to four groups of healthy-control, healthy-exercise, depressed-control, and depressed-exercise. Depressed-control and depressed-exercise groups were first exposed to three weeks of chronic unpredictable stress. After this period, the exercise groups performed four weeks of voluntary exercise training. Twentyfour hours after the last training session, a forced swim test was taken from the rats and their blood samples were taken 24 hours later. The obtained data were analyzed using a 2-way analysis of variance (significance level: P<0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between study variables. All statistical analyses were performed in SPSS v. 22. Results: Chronic stress increased immobility behavior (P=0.001) and serum corticosterone concentration (P=0.001). In contrast, exercise training reduced immobility behavior (P=0.001) and serum corticosterone (P=0.001). The immobility time (P=0.001) and serum corticosterone concentration in the depressed-exercise group were higher than those in the healthy-exercise group (P=0.001). There was a positive correlation between immobility behavior and serum corticosterone concentration (r=0.85 and P=0.001). Conclusion: While the chronic stress increases the immobility behavior and serum corticosterone concentration, voluntary exercise training can reduce immobility behavior and serum corticosterone and adjust some depression symptoms.

Testosterone has antidepressant-like efficacy and facilitates imipramine-induced neuroplasticity in male rats exposed to chronic unpredictable stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 58-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. Wainwright ◽  
Joanna L. Workman ◽  
Amir Tehrani ◽  
Dwayne K. Hamson ◽  
Carmen Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Rats ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress

scholarly journals Orlistat reverses intratesticular lactate transport decline and infertility in male obese rats

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 160 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Bagi Suleiman ◽  
Victor Udo Nna ◽  
Zaida Zakaria ◽  
Zaidatul Akmal Othman ◽  
Ainul Bahiyah Abu Bakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cgmp Level ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Fertility Potential

Obesity and its accompanying complications predispose to abnormal testicular glucose metabolism, penile erectile dysfunction and subfertility. This study examined the potentials of orlistat in attenuating erectile dysfunction and fertility decline in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male rats. Eighteen adult male Sprague–Dawley rats whose weights were between 250 and 300 g were divided into three groups (n = 6/group) namely: normal control (NC), HFD and HFD + orlistat (10 mg/kg body weight/day co-administered for 12 weeks) (HFD+O). During the 11th and 12th week, mating behaviour and fertility parameters were evaluated, and parameters of glucose metabolism were assessed at the end of the 12th week. Orlistat increased testicular mRNA levels of glucose transporters (Glut1 and Glut3), monocarboxylate transporters (Mct2 and Mct4) and lactate dehydrogenase type C (Ldhc), decreased intratesticular lactate and glucose levels, and LDH activity in obese rats. Furthermore, orlistat increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), but decreased malondialdehyde level in the penis of obese rats. Similarly, orlistat improved penile cGMP level, sexual behaviour and fertility outcome in obese rats. Penile cGMP level correlated positively with total mounts and intromissions but correlated negatively with mount/intromission ratio. Orlistat improves fertility potential in obese state by targeting testicular lactate metabolism, penile oxidative stress and sexual behaviour in rats. Therefore, orlistat shows a promising protective effect and may preserve the fertility potential of obese men.

scholarly journals Role of Insulin/Glucagon Ratio and Cell Redox State in the Hyperglycaemia Induced by Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields in Rats.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Martiñón-Gutiérrez ◽  
María Luna-Castro ◽  
Rolando Hernández-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Single Exposure ◽  
Cellular Redox ◽  
Cellular Redox State

Abstract The exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) with a might adversely affect the endocrine system and reproductive functions. Nonetheless, the use of EMFs in the form of magneto-therapy exerts beneficial actions in human medicine, but also affecting glucose and lipids metabolism, inducing hyperglycaemia and a “diabetic” response. Therefore, we used fed or fasted male rats for a single exposure to 60-Hz EMFs, determining serum levels of glucose, lipids, and indicators of cellular redox state and energy parameters. A single exposure to EMFs induced hyperglycaemia in both, fed and fasted rats, accompanied by an attenuated second serum insulin peak. In addition, EMFs also decreased serum levels of free fatty acids and lactate, while they increased those of pyruvate and acetoacetate. Changes in blood glucose level were related with a more oxidized cellular redox state and with the insulin/glucagon ratio. Moreover, rat’s glucose metabolism also coincided with variations in insulin and glucagon secretion, probably depending on cell redox state. The EMFs effects were not modified in animals previously subjected to a chronic exposure (14 days). In conclusion, increased serum glucose levels and glucose metabolism induced by EMFs exposure were closely related with the cellular redox state and with the insulin/glucagon ratio.

scholarly journals Effect of maternal variable stress on oxidative status and glucose metabolism in pubertal male rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-173
Author(s):  
Roya Ranjbar Saber ◽  
Roxana Karbaschi ◽  
Homeira Zardooz ◽  
◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Maternal Variable

scholarly journals Augmented Acquisition of Cocaine Self-Administration and Altered Brain Glucose Metabolism in Adult Female but not Male Rats Exposed to a Cannabinoid Agonist during Adolescence

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 806-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Higuera-Matas ◽  
María Luisa Soto-Montenegro ◽  
Nuria del Olmo ◽  
Miguel Miguéns ◽  
Isabel Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Brain Glucose ◽  
Brain Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Cannabinoid Agonist

scholarly journals The biochemical estimation of the nitric oxide system in prenatally stressed rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
L. E. Belyaeva ◽  
H. N. Pauliukevich
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Oxide System ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthesis ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Stress ◽  
Prenatally Stressed ◽  
Nitric Oxide System

Introduction. Pregnancy development following unfavorable conditions could facilitate disorders of nitric oxide (NO) production during offspring’s postnatal life and «program» offspring’s cardiovascular diseases. Investigation of particular features and mechanisms of nitric oxide synthesis and action disorders following prenatal stress will promote expansion of considerations about pathogenesis of different cardiovascular diseases and propose new approaches to their prevention and management.The aim of the investigation is to assess the nature of nitric oxide synthesis and action in mature rats whose mothers were exposed to chronic «unpredictable» stress during pregnancy. Materials and methods. Pregnant rats were subdivided into the «control» and «stress» groups (in 20 animals). The rats from the «stress» group were exposed to multiple different stressors at various intervals, such as 1-day famine; 20-min. immobilization in the water at room temperature; 1-day contact with cats’ excrements. In the blood serum of 3-mo offspring (n=96, including «control» males – 24, «control» females – 26, «stress» males – 22, «stress» females – 24) concentration of the stable products of NO degradation – nitrates/nitrites (NO3–/NO2–), endothelial (eNOS) and inducible (iNOS) isoforms of the NO-synthase, inhibitor of NO-synthase asymmetric dimethylargininne (ADMA), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), lipid peroxidation products – diene conjugates (DC) and malonic dialdehyde (MDA) and C-reactive protein (hsCRP) was detected. Results. The decrease of eNOS and cGMP concentration (by 12.9 and 31.9 %, respectively), increase of iNOS, hsCRP and ADMA concentration (by 49.9, 20.3 и 63.1 %, respectively) without statistically significant fluctuation in the NO3–/NO2– level and accumulation of DC and MDA by 21.1 % and 1.5 times in a prenatally stressed male rats’ blood serum were found (as compared with «control» male rats). In a blood serum of female rats, whose mothers were exposed to chronic «unpredictable» stress during pregnancy, a tendency to eNOS concentration decreasing, and increase of iNOS by 30.6 %, hsCRP by 23.9 % and MDA by 2.3 times without statistically significant changes in cGMP, ADMA, NO3–/NO2–, and DC concentration were detected (as compared with «control» female rats). Conclusion. Identified changes of the nitric oxide system synthesis and action in the prenatally stressed male rats could argue the high risk of their cardiovascular system lesion.

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