A Man with Exertional Dyspnea and Diffuse Bronchial Wall Thickening

Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway obstruction by bronchospasm and bronchial wall thickening due to smooth muscle hypertrophy. A rise in cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) may serve as a shared signal transduction element that causes bronchial constriction and bronchial wall thickening in asthma. In this study, we examined whether capacitative Ca2+ entry (CCE) induced by depletion of intracellular Ca2+ stores was involved in agonist-mediated bronchial constriction and bronchial smooth muscle cell (BSMC) proliferation. In isolated bronchial rings, acetylcholine (ACh) induced a transient contraction in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ because of Ca2+ release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. Restoration of extracellular Ca2+in the presence of atropine, an M-receptor blocker, induced a further contraction that was apparently caused by a rise in [Ca2+]cyt due to CCE. In single BSMC, amplitudes of the store depletion-activated currents ( I SOC) and CCE were both enhanced when the cells proliferate, whereas chelation of extracellular Ca2+ with EGTA significantly inhibited the cell growth in the presence of serum. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of TRPC1, a transient receptor potential channel gene, was much greater in proliferating BSMC than in growth-arrested cells. Blockade of the store-operated Ca2+channels by Ni2+ decreased I SOC and CCE and markedly attenuated BSMC proliferation. These results suggest that upregulated TRPC1 expression, increased I SOC, enhanced CCE, and elevated [Ca2+]cyt may play important roles in mediating bronchial constriction and BSMC proliferation.

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Computed tomography findings in patients with H1N1 influenza A infection

Radiologia Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-39842013000500006 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 46 (5) ◽

pp. 299-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Viviane Brandão Amorim ◽

Rosana Souza Rodrigues ◽

Miriam Menna Barreto ◽

Gláucia Zanetti ◽

Edson Marchiori

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Influenza A ◽

H1n1 Virus ◽

Severe Disease ◽

H1n1 Influenza ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Air Trapping ◽

Bronchial Wall

The present study aimed to review high resolution computed tomography findings in patients with H1N1 influenza A infection. The most common tomographic findings include ground-glass opacities, areas of consolidation or a combination of both patterns. Some patients may also present bronchial wall thickening, airspace nodules, crazy-paving pattern, perilobular opacity, air trapping and findings related to organizing pneumonia. These abnormalities are frequently bilateral, with subpleural distribution. Despite their nonspecificity, it is important to recognize the main tomographic findings in patients affected by H1N1 virus in order to include this possibility in the differential diagnosis, characterize complications and contribute in the follow-up, particularly in cases of severe disease.

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Bronchial wall thickening in asthma

Clinical Radiology ◽

10.1016/s0009-9260(60)80015-3 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 182-191 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C.J. Hodson ◽

S.E. Trickey

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickening ◽

Bronchial Wall

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Bronchial Wall Thickening

High-Yield Imaging: Chest ◽

10.1016/b978-1-4160-6161-8.00173-9 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 438-439

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickening ◽

Bronchial Wall

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Complication of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (Swyer-James syndrome)

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.61.05.404 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 404-406 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gabriel de Deus Vieira ◽

Alessandra Yukari Yamagishi ◽

Natália Nogueira Vieira ◽

Rebeka Mayara Miranda Dias Fogaça ◽

Thaianne da Cunha Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bronchiolitis Obliterans ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

Radiological Findings ◽

Air Trapping ◽

Bronchial Wall ◽

Pulmonary Lesions ◽

Post Infectious ◽

Radiological Examinations

Summary Swyer-James syndrome is a complication of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans that causes inflammation and fibrosis of the bronchial walls. There are two types: asymptomatic, with most cases diagnosed in adults during routine radiological examinations; and symptomatic, most commonly found in children. Here, we report the case of a 6-year-old child with recurrent dyspnea since the age of 3, who showed signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis obliterans and radiological signs of bronchial wall thickening and air trapping. The clinical and radiological findings led to the diagnosis of Swyer-James syndrome. Treatment of this syndrome is intended to reduce the pulmonary lesions and improve the patient's quality of life.

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Bronchial wall thickening is associated with severity of chronic rhinosinusitis

Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 170 ◽

pp. 106024

Author(s):

Suguru Majima ◽

Keiko Wakahara ◽

Tomoko Nishio ◽

Naoki Nishio ◽

Masaaki Teranishi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

Bronchial Wall

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A Case of Follicular Bronchiolitis as the Histological Counterpart to Nodular Opacities in BronchiectaticMycobacterium aviumComplex Disease

Case Reports in Pulmonology ◽

10.1155/2012/214601 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Kentaro Wakamatsu ◽

Nobuhiko Nagata ◽

Kazuhito Taguchi ◽

Kouji Takakura ◽

Chika Harada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Mycobacterium Avium ◽

Lung Biopsy ◽

Mycobacterial Infection ◽

Middle Lobe ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

Bronchial Wall ◽

Chest Computed Tomography ◽

Follicular Bronchiolitis ◽

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infection

Here we report the case of a 72-year-old woman with nodular bronchiectaticMycobacterium aviumcomplex (MAC) disease. Chest computed tomography on admission revealed multiple micronodular and branching opacities in both lobes with segmental distribution; bronchiectasis and bronchial wall thickening were observed in the middle lobe and lingula. The patient consented to and underwent thoracoscopic lung biopsy; epithelioid granulomas were occasionally observed, but follicular bronchiolitis was widespread. While bronchial lesions from nontuberculous mycobacterial infection generally present as epitheliod granulomas, the present case suggests that follicular bronchiolitis can also be a histological counterpart to nodular opacities in nodular bronchiectatic MAC disease.

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Role of nitric oxide in airway remodelling

Clinical Science ◽

10.1042/cs0980291 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 291-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Esteban C. GABAZZA ◽

Osamu TAGUCHI ◽

Shigenori TAMAKI ◽

Shuichi MURASHIMA ◽

Hiroyasu KOBAYASHI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Causative Factor ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

No Production ◽

Airway Remodelling ◽

Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽

Airway Wall ◽

High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽

Bronchial Wall ◽

Nitrite Nitrate

Airway remodelling, which is manifested by thickening of bronchial wall, is an important causative factor of bronchial hyper-responsiveness in asthma. The pathophysiological mechanism of airway remodelling is not clear. In the present study we evaluated the relationship between nitric oxide (NO) generation and airway wall thickening in patients with chronic asthma. As a marker of NO production, the levels of nitrite/nitrate were measured in induced sputum, and bronchial wall thickening was measured by high-resolution computed tomography. Sputum concentrations of nitrite/nitrate were significantly increased in asthmatic patients compared with controls. The ratio of airway wall thickness to lumen diameter was significantly correlated with the sputum concentration of nitrite/nitrate. Although statistical correlation does not prove causation, this finding suggests that NO may play a key role in the pathogenesis of airway remodelling.

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High Resolution CT in Children with Cystic Fibrosis

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/028418519203300610 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 548-553 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. Stiglbauer ◽

H. Schurawitzki ◽

I. Eichler ◽

M. Götz

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

High Resolution ◽

Motion Artifacts ◽

Wall Thickening ◽

Lung Involvement ◽

Bronchial Wall ◽

High Resolution Ct ◽

Valuable Method ◽

Frequent Finding ◽

Pulmonary Changes

High resolution CT (HRCT) was performed in 24 children (median age 57.9 months) suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). In 23 patients (one examination unacceptable because of motion artifacts) the most frequent finding was bronchial wall thickening, shown in 21 patients (91%), followed by bronchiectasis in 15 patients (65%). Less frequent findings were mucus plugging and patchy consolidations, which could be demonstrated in 11 patients each (48%). Findings were classified using a CT scoring system and including only irreversible pulmonary changes; a statistically significant correlation with lung function tests (FEV1/FVC; MEF50) could be established. HRCT to date seems to be the most valuable method to determine extent and severity of lung involvement in children with CF and should therefore be routinely used for the staging of this disease.

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CT findings of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16147/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaoyang Wang ◽

Chenbin Liu ◽

Liang Hong ◽

Cuiyun Yuan ◽

Jiguang Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wall Thickening ◽

Bronchial Wall ◽

Pleural Thickening ◽

Ct Findings ◽

Lymph Node Enlargement ◽

Peripheral Area ◽

Reversed Halo Sign ◽

The Common ◽

Single Lesion ◽

Interlobular Septal Thickening

Abstract Objective: we aimed to describe the chest CT findings in sixty-seven patientsinfected by Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Method and material: We retrospectively reviewed 67 patients hospitalized in Ruian People's Hospital. All the patients received the positive diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The CT and clinical data were collected between January, 23 and February, 10, 2020. The CT images were analyzed by the radiologists.Conclusion: There are 54 patients with positive CT findings and 13 patients with negative CT findings. The common CT findings in hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection were ground glass opacities (42/54), lesions located in the peripheral area (50/54), multiple lesions(46/54), and lesions located in the lower lobes (42/54). There were some less common CT findings: air bronchogram (n=18), pleural thickening or pleural effusion (14/54), consolidation (12/54), lesions in the upper lobes (12/54), interlobular septal thickening (11/54), reversed halo sign (9/54), single lesion (8/54), cavitaties (4/54), bronchial wall thickening (3/54), intrathoracic lymph node enlargement (2/54).

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