Considerations on Semantic Relations in Different Parts of Speech from the Aspect of Feature Semantics versus Prototype Semantics

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Warnke
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Feature Semantics

The dynamic processes in the parts of speech in the contemporary Russian language

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
N. A. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Word Form ◽  
Verbal Nouns ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Morphological Processes ◽  
Colloquial Speech ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Parts

This article examines dynamic morphological processes – the transformation of the parts of speech (namely, attributive verbal forms and verbal nouns), as well as the syncretic cases of zero derivation on the example of young people’s speech. The author has employed the traditional complex method of analyzing the language material, which in turn has used the system of instrumental operations (synonymous rephrasing, downsizing, and opposition method; the latter allows examining the system connections of a word and their influence on the semantics of a word form), oriented towards developing the categorial value; the logico-syntactic and syntagmatic methods aided in determining the grammatical signs of language units. Using as an example the youth jargon, represented in the Dictionary of Colloquial Speech of the City of Arkhangelsk, this article shows the mechanism for transpositioning different word groups into interjections, where several lexem subgroups of the syncretic type function; in addition, the author identifies the basic directions for the different parts of speech transitioning turning into the evaluative vocabulary.

Quintilian on “grammatical homonymy”: The linguistic sensibility of a Roman lawyer

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Uría
Keyword(s):  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Different Parts

AbstractAfter defining grammatical (as opposed to lexical) homonymy as concerning either inflection or the conflict between different parts of speech, attention is paid to those contexts in which Varro and Quintilian dealt with processes falling under that concept. The paper remarks on the acute distinction Quintilian seems to make between lexical and grammatical homonymy by dealing with the former in relation to rhetoric and the latter within the grammatical chapters of book I. The similarity of Quintilian’s approach to homonymy is then shown with the use Apollonius Dyscolus would later make of the term

scholarly journals Verbs with the value of ‘to give a sign, called motivating adjective’ in the composition nominative series in Russian and Belarusian languages

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
M. A. Lavysh
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Causative Verbs

The article deals with the nominative series of verbs formed from adjectives that implement the value of “to give a sign” in Russian and Belarusian languages. Special attention is paid to the study of equivalent derivational combinations that make up the nominative series of such verbs, their functioning in closely related languages. The most regular discrete correspondence of causative verbs is a fairly simple derivational model “do what”, while the analytical structures may include related units not only belonging to different parts of speech, but also separated from the motivating adjective by several steps of productivity. Other types of phrases actively participating in the derivational function can also take part in organizing nominative series. The study revealed whole microsystems of incomplete nominative series: with a synthetic or analytical component. Detailed analysis of such nominative series allows us to identify various causes of its occurrence (semantic, formal, stylistic). Significant differences in the derivational potential of adjective verbs in the Russian and Belarusian languages can be found not only in the semantic-word-formation of specific word-formation pairs, but also in later stages of derivation, as part of more complex associations of related units, different fragments of derivational nests (word-formation chains, paradigms).

scholarly journals Analytic Causative Constructions in English

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (1-2 (2)) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Yelena Mkhitaryan ◽  
Sophie Sarkissyan
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Semantics ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Functional Linguistics ◽  
Causative Constructions ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Causative Verbs

The article examines English analytical causative constructions in the light of cognitive semantics and functional linguistics which makes it possible to identify six syntactic patterns. Each pattern includes two predicates – the first is usually expressed by a causative verb, the second – by different parts of speech or different verb forms (Infinitive, Participle I, Participle II, Gerund, Adjective, Noun). As for the participants of the action (the CAUSER and the CAUSEE), they are the nominal elements of the pattern and are presented by animate or inanimate nouns. This fact is determined by the type of the pattern and the nature of the causative verb involved. The analysis suggests that apart from paradigmatic causative verbs, these patterns can also include verbs that prototypically do not belong to causative verbs in English.

scholarly journals Structural correlation and expression of chain connection in complex syntactic whole (based on the works by K. G. Abramov)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-267
Author(s):  
Lyubov P. Vodyasova
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Word Combination ◽  
Structural Correlation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Explicit Communication ◽  
The Way

Introduction. The subject of the research is complex syntactic whole (CSW), the components of which are united by a chain connection. It identifies the structural correlation of this connection, and examines tools for its implementation. Materials and Methods. The material of the study is prosaic works by K. G. Abramov. The main method is descriptive. It was used to analysis of structural correlation and means of expression in the organization of CSW in the prose of the writer. Results and Discussion. The article revealed that chain connection can be defined by structural correlation, in other words, by which models form the members of related sentences that are related to each other, and by the way these models are expressed. It is noted that in the prosaic works by K. G. Abramov the following models are the most common: “subject – subject”, “subject – object”, “object – object” and their varieties. They can be made explicitly and implicitly. The means of expressing explicit communication are lexical repetition, implicit one is periphrasis and pronominal substitutions, adverb, etc. The writer also uses root words referring to different parts of speech (one of the correlating members of a sentence is usually a predicate). Conclusion. The components of CSW combined by chain connection are an expressive and fine structure. Consistently developable repetition (explicit or implicit) “glue” these components and make the impression of visualization; they are designed for artistic effect. From phrase to phrase repetitive structures (words, word combination) vary its syntactic role as members of the sentence and they also vary its composition.

scholarly journals An Extension of the VSM Documents Representation

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 402
Author(s):  
Lucian Nicolae Vintan ◽  
Daniel Ionel Morariu ◽  
Radu George Cretulescu ◽  
Maria Vintan
Keyword(s):  
Vector Space ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Vector Space Model ◽  
Bag Of Words ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Space Model ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Hyper Space

In this paper we will present a new approach regarding the documents representation in order to be used in classification and/or clustering algorithms. In our new representation we will start from the classical "bag-of-words" representation but we will augment each word with its correspondent part-of-speech. Thus we will introduce a new concept called hyper-vectors where each document is represented in a hyper-space where each dimension is a different part-of-speech component. For each dimension the document is represented using the Vector Space Model (VSM). In this work we will use only five different parts of speech: noun, verb, adverb, adjective and others. In the hyper-space each dimension has a different weight. To compute the similarity between two documents we have developed a new hyper-cosine formula. Some interesting classification experiments are presented as validation cases.

scholarly journals Перевод отраслевых терминов: исследование терминологии судостроения и судоремонта (на английском языке)

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Z. Gosteva
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Meaning ◽  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Principal Elements ◽  
Different Parts

Building on existing studies the paper outlines some linguistic properties of terminology — features that differentiate terms from other lexical (non-terminological) units and uses them to examine highly specialized shipbuilding terms in the English and Russian languages. The author focuses on the lexical, grammatical, namely, morphosyntactic, dissimilarities between the terms in the two languages: different number of terminoelements in compound terms, mismatches in the lexical meaning of the principal elements, terminoelements belonging to different parts of speech and having different grammatical forms. The investigation into techniques used to translate shipbuilding terms indicates that the most common methods are equivalent translation — whereincounterparts constitute ideal terms as they are monosemantic, context-independent, fully coinciding in meaning — using hyponyms or superordinates and translation by means of transcription and transliteration. Опираясь на существующие исследования, автор отмечает важнейшие языковые свойства терминов, особенности, которые отличают термины от других лексических (нетерминологических) единиц. Эти признаки используются для изучения узкоспециальных судостроительных терминов в английском и русском языках. Автор фокусируется на лексических, грамматических, а именно морфосинтаксических различиях между терминами в двух языках: различное количество компонентов в терминах-словосоче-таниях, несоответствия в лексическом значении основных компонентов словосочетаний, разная частеречная принадлежность терминоэлементов и различия в грамматических формах компонентов. Исследование приемов, используемых для перевода терминов судостроения, показывает, что наиболее распространенными методами являются перевод при помощи эквивалента, при котором межъязыковые соответствия представляют собой идеальные термины, поскольку они однозначны, не зависят от контекста и семантически идентичны, а также использование гипонимов, гиперонимов и перевод с помощью транскрипции и транслитерации.

scholarly journals ON THE SYNTACTIC STATUS OF ENGLISH DETERMINERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
O.G. Shevchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Parts Of Speech ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Status ◽  
Different Parts

The article discusses the problem of the syntactic status of the determiner, which is usually not considered to be a part of the sentence proper. The author reveals that the cause of theoretical contradictions lies in mixing the morphological and the syntactic levels of the language analysis. The attribute is a part of the sentence, but the determiner is not; that’s why it would be more reasonable to treat these units alongside with parts of the sentence proper. As determiners combine characteristics of different parts of speech, they can be found on the periphery of not only parts of speech but also parts of the sentence

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