Der Homo Oeconomicus: Ausnahmeerscheinung in jeder Situation oder Jedermann in Ausnahmesituationen?

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Zintl
Keyword(s):  
Specific Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theory Building ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Homo Oeconomicus ◽  
Economic Man ◽  
Economic Concept ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Empirical Implications ◽  
Level Analysis

AbstractEven if formally precise, the economic concept of rationality has different empirical implications depending on how it is used in theory building. If it is used as a tool of microfoundation in multi-level analysis it can be applied universally, but does not imply a specific model of human behavior. As a means of constructing microtheories proper it is, on the other hand, translated into a definite model of man but can be applied only to specific situations. This model, known as homo oeconomicus or economic man, should not be taken as an assertion about human nature but rather as a shorthand description of the behavior enforced and stabilized by social situations of a certain type.

“Behave yourself, woman!”

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-616
Author(s):  
Cornelia Ilie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Sexist Discrimination ◽  
Personal Appearance ◽  
Abusive Behaviour ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
The One ◽  
Level Analysis

Abstract After a record number of women were elected to the House of Commons in 1997, many incidents of sexism and abusive behaviour were reported. The aim of this article is twofold: on the one hand, to scrutinize the mechanisms and effects of sexist discrimination and stereotyping of women MPs in the House of Commons; on the other, to identify the strategies used by female (and male) MPs to subvert discriminatory representations, and to counteract gender-biased and sexist treatment. The focus of the multi-level analysis is on three recurrent strategies: objectifying women MPs through fixation on personal appearance rather than professional performance (e.g. making trivialising comments about women’s hair and dressing style); patronizing women MPs through the use of derogatory forms of address (e.g. directly addressing them by the terms of endearment “honey”, “dear”, “woman”); and stigmatizing women MPs through abusive and discriminatory labelling (e.g. ascribing to them stereotypically insulting names.

Capitalist Persons

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Levine
Keyword(s):  
Moral Philosophy ◽  
Moral Agency ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
The Other ◽  
Moral Deliberation ◽  
Theoretical Construct ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Homo Oeconomicus ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
Economic Man

In what follows, “persons” are ideal-typical concepts of human beings, deployed expressly or supposed implicitly in particular theoretical contexts. Thus, the person of Kantian moral philosophy is a pure bearer of moral predicates, bereft of all properties that empirically distinguish human beings from one another: properties that, in Kant's view, are irrelevant to moral deliberation. No man or woman, actual or possible, could be so starkly featureless. But Kant's aim was not to describe human beings in actual or possible deliberations, but moral agency as such. Similarly, homo oeconomicus, economic man, is not a composite man or woman, but also a person, a theoretical construct introduced for explanatory purposes in models of economic behavior. My aim is to investigate capitalist persons: ideal-typical concepts of human beings deployed in justifying theories of capitalist property relations.I shall identify two capitalist persons, and impugn one of them. To situate my position historically, I call the impugned person Lockean, and the other Kantian. It is tempting to designate the Lockean person “the capitalist person.” However, this characterization would be misleading. Justifying theories of capitalism can employ either concept, and both can serve in accounts of socialist economies. Nevertheless, the Lockean person is tendentially procapitalist while the Kantian person is not.What follows is therefore relevant to the broader capitalism/socialism debate. To fault the Lockean person is not quite to fault capitalism itself. But a case against the Lockean person, if successful, would undermine an important strain of procapitalist argument. More importantly, the considerations I will adduce suggest a way of thinking about distributive justice and, ultimately, an ideal of equality that socialism, but not capitalism, can in principle accommodate.

Consensus and majoritarian democracies: Problems with under-informed single-level analyses

Human Affairs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Ani
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Social System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level I ◽  
Level Analysis ◽  
Empirical System ◽  
Do So

Abstract I argue that when conceiving or assessing normative ideas about how we should organize society into the kind of ecosystem we desire, it is unwise to completely ignore empirical conditions. I also demonstrate that when evaluating empirical difficulties attending a social system, it is also unwise to do so in total oblivion to the normative idea or objective informing the establishment of such a system. Each of these assessments I call an under informed single-level analysis. By contrast I advocate a multi-level analysis (by which we evaluate both the normative and empirical dimensions of an idea or a social system) or, at the least, an informed single-level analysis (by which we evaluate either a normative idea or an empirical system with an implicit awareness of the content of the other level). I demonstrate that these models of analysis would never yield the same conclusions as an under informed single-level analysis. For my case studies I focus on the various models of analyses used in the debate about liberal majoritarian and consensus/communal democracies.

Perceived coach interpersonal style and basic psychological needs as antecedents of athlete-perceived coaching competency and satisfaction with the coach: A multi-level analysis.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Juan J. Pulido ◽  
Tomás García-Calvo ◽  
Francisco M. Leo ◽  
António J. Figueiredo ◽  
Hugo Sarmento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Interpersonal Style ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Coaching Competency ◽  
Level Analysis

Multi-level Analysis of the Risk Factors in Problem Drinking of High School Students

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-60
Author(s):  
Eun-Gyeong Kim ◽  
◽  
Sook-Kyoung Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
School Students ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level Analysis

Adjusting to Social Change - A Multi-Level Analysis in Three Cultures

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level Analysis

Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: A Multi-Level Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisu Alehegn Alemu ◽  
Liknaw Bewket Zeleke ◽  
Bewket Aynalem ◽  
Melaku Desta ◽  
Eskeziaw Abebe Kasahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level Analysis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document