Reducing total annual cost and CO2 emissions in batch distillation for separating ternary wide boiling mixtures using vapor recompression heat pump

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Gandu ◽  
Akash Kumar Burolia ◽  
Seshagiri Rao Ambati ◽  
Uday Bhaskar Babu Gara
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Batch Distillation ◽  
High Compression Ratio ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Vapor Recompression ◽  
Energetic Performance

Abstract This paper presents cost-effective heat pump assisted vapor recompression (VRC) design algorithms for the separation of ternary wide boiling mixture in batch distillation in order to reduce total annual cost (TAC) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. A minimum TAC and CO2 is required by the batch distillation process industry for any investments in heat integrated systems, such as VRC. Consequently, the design conditions for implementing VRC should be chosen such that the energetic performance is maximum at minimum TAC. The model system selected in this paper is an application involving high temperature lift, that is, hexanol–octanol–decanol ternary wide boiling mixture. First, a systematic simulation algorithm was developed for conventional multicomponent batch distillation (CMBD) and single-stage vapor recompressed multicomponent batch distillation (SiVRMBD) to determine the optimal number of stages based on the maximum TAC savings. The SiVRMBD saves more energy and TAC than CMBD. However, SiVRMBD has a high compression ratio (CR) throughout the operation, which is not practically feasible for the batch distillation processing. Second, in order to increase the performance and minimize the SiVRMBD weakness, a novel optimal multi-stage vapor recompression algorithm was proposed to operate at the lowest possible CR (<3.5) throughout the batch operation while also conserving the most TAC. Overall, the findings suggest that the proposed optimal multi-stage VRC reduces TAC and CO2 emissions significantly when compared to CMBD. Finally, the influence of the different feed compositions on VRC performance is also studied.

Snow Utilization as Cold Heat Source - Advantages and Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 889 ◽  
pp. 549-556
Author(s):  
Seiji Kamimura ◽  
Yoshiomi Ito
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Shiitake Mushroom ◽  
Pump Unit ◽  
Heat Pump Unit

In the summer of 2014, the air-conditioning performance of four different snow-utilizing facilities in Niigata and Nagano Prefectures in Japan were evaluated. Systems with a snow storeroom, a rice depot and spa resort, showed the advantages of stable and flexible air temperature control with high deodorizing and dedusting effects. The investment will be earned back in less than 10 years. The system with a snow mound, shiitake mushroom greenhouses, showed that the annual cost is cheaper than that of the heat pump unit. A highway lavatory with daily snow delivery was not cost effective.

scholarly journals Design of Batch Distillation Columns Using Short-Cut Method at Constant Reflux

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asteria Narvaez-Garcia ◽  
Jose del Carmen Zavala-Loria ◽  
Luis Enrique Vilchis-Bravo ◽  
Jose Antonio Rocha-Uribe
Keyword(s):  
Mole Fraction ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Batch Distillation ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Cut Method ◽  
Quality Indexes

A short-cut method for batch distillation columns working at constant reflux was applied to solve a problem of four components that needed to be separated and purified to a mole fraction of 0.97 or better. Distillation columns with 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 theoretical stages were used; reflux ratio was varied between 2 and 20. Three quality indexes were used and compared: Luyben’s capacity factor, total annual cost, and annual profit. The best combinations of theoretical stages and reflux ratio were obtained for each method. It was found that the best combinations always required reflux ratios close to the minimum. Overall, annual profit was the best quality index, while the best combination was a distillation column with 30 stages, and reflux ratio’s of 2.0 for separation of benzene (i), 5.0 for the separation of toluene (ii), and 20 for the separation of ethylbenzene (iii) and purification of o-xylene (iv).

Economic Evaluation of Residential Central Air Conditioning Systems

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Wei ◽  
Huayi Yang ◽  
Wen Luo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Pump System ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Heat Pump System ◽  
Central Air Conditioning ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Nowadays the residential central air conditioning systems are being widely used in China, and there are several different system options in the actual applications. Different residential central air conditioning systems will have different initial costs and operating costs. It is quite important for the decision-makers to choose an economical air conditioning system. In this paper six residential central air conditioning systems are introduced, which are the air-source heat pump system, household gas-fired air conditioning system, air-cooled chiller unit/gas-fired boiler system, water loop heat pump system, ground-source heat pump system and solar heat pump system. By using the method of dynamic total annual cost with an example of residential building in Beijing, the total annual costs of chosen six air conditioning systems are calculated and compared, and the sensitivity of total annual cost are analyzed with the rates of electricity and natural gas being used as the sensitive factors. The results show that the total annual cost of water loop heat pump system is the minimum among the six systems, which is the optimal option under the given conditions. The rates of electricity and natural gas will influence the raking of systems.

Utilizing Novel Expandable Steel Packers to Overcome Multi-Stage Fracturing Completion Deployment Challenges in Horizontal Gas Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebikebena M. Ombe ◽  
Ernesto G. Gomez ◽  
Aldia Syamsudhuha ◽  
Abdullah M. AlKwiter
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
High Pressure High Temperature ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Gas Bearing ◽  
Productive Time

Abstract This paper discusses the successful deployment of Multi-stage Fracturing (MSF) completions, composed of novel expandable steel packers, in high pressure, high temperature (HP/HT) horizontal gas wells. The 5-7/8" horizontal sections of these wells were drilled in high pressure, high temperature gas bearing formations. There were also washed-outs & high "dog-legs" along their wellbores, due to constant geo-steering required to keep the laterals within the hydrocarbon bearing zones. These factors introduced challenges to deploying the conventional MSF completion in these laterals. Due to the delicate nature of their packer elastomers and their susceptibility to degradation at high temperature, these conventional MSF completions could not be run in such hostile down-hole conditions without the risk of damage or getting stuck off-bottom. This paper describes the deployment of a novel expandable steel packer MSF completion in these tough down-hole conditions. These expandable steel packers could overcome the challenges mentioned above due to the following unique features: High temperature durability. Enhanced ruggedness which gave them the ability to be rotated & reciprocated during without risk of damage. Reduced packer outer diameter (OD) of 5.500" as compared to the 5.625" OD of conventional elastomer MSF packers. Enhanced flexibility which enabled them to be deployed in wellbores with high dog-leg severity (DLS). With the ability to rotate & reciprocate them while running-in-hole (RIH), coupled with their higher annular clearance & tolerance of high temperature, the expandable steel packers were key to overcoming the risk of damaging or getting stuck with the MSF completion while RIH. Also, due to the higher setting pressure of the expandable steel packers when compared to conventional elastomer packers, there was a reduced risk of prematurely setting the packers if high circulating pressure were encountered during deployment. Another notable advantage of these expandable packers is that they provided an optimization opportunity to reduce the number of packers required in the MSF completion. In a conventional MSF completion, two elastomer packers are usually required to ensure optimum zonal isolation between each MSF stage. However, due to their superior sealing capability, only one expandable steel packer is required to ensure good inter-stage isolation. This greatly reduces the number of packers required in the MSF completion, thereby reducing its stiffness & ultimately reducing the probability of getting stuck while RIH. The results of using these expandable steel packers is the successful deployment of the MSF completions in these harsh down-hole conditions, elimination of non-productive time associated with stuck or damaged MSF completion as well as the safe & cost-effective completion in these critical horizontal gas wells.

A multi-stage combined heat pump and microwave vacuum drying of green peas

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zielinska ◽  
P. Zapotoczny ◽  
O. Alves-Filho ◽  
T.M. Eikevik ◽  
W. Blaszczak
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Microwave Vacuum Drying ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Green Peas

Intensifying Kaibel dividing-wall column via vapor recompression heat pump

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Qian ◽  
Kejin Huang ◽  
Haisheng Chen ◽  
Yang Yuan ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Dividing Wall Column ◽  
Vapor Recompression

Successful Deployment of Metal Expandable Technology with Inner String Stage Cementing System Overcomes Well Construction Challenges in Bab Field, UAE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Levison Mwansa ◽  
Esha Narendra Varma ◽  
Victor Jose Aguilar ◽  
Alexander Amorocho ◽  
Daniel McPherson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Accelerated Corrosion ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Successful Execution ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Zonal Isolation ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Reliable Solution ◽  
Gas Tight

Abstract Inability to effectively isolate depleted aquifer formations due to severe losses during cementation leads to accelerated corrosion of the production casing. Per current practice, a top job is performed from surface to fill the annulus with cement, but with limited success in a severe losses’ scenario. The objective is to improve zonal isolation by applying V0 rated multiple stage cementation technology with inner string thus enhancing well integrity during the life cycle of the well. A metal expandable annular sealing system was selected as a reliable isolation mechanism for effective cementation behind aquifers due to its ability to provide high expansion in potentially washed-out wellbores and the feature of long multi-element sealing systems with built in redundancy. The inner string operated stage cementing system provides a reliable solution to selectively and accurately place cement above the metal expandable packer whilst maintaining V0 casing integrity once closed. Additionally, the unique combination of technologies provides a cost-effective life of well solution compared to current stage cementing methodologies. Following successful execution of three trial jobs, the multi-stage cement using V0 rated tools and an inner string was compared to similar jobs done per current cementing practices. Analysis involved reviewing the cement bond column coverage and quality (CBL) with offset wells. Cement bond log results showed that this technique enhanced the cement column quality behind the 9 5/8" casing across the aquifer zones with moderate to good cement for the most part. Contaminated cement was observed just below the previous casing shoe and this could be addressed by adding another stage tool just above the previous casing shoe. Overall results show improved cement column quality for this section when compared to conventional jobs with similar conditions and is recommended for future use in severe to total losses scenario. In a situation where losses are seen at the previous casing shoe, a three-stage job is recommended. Other benefits include: Security and confidence in gas tight sealing capability and mechanical integrity Precise and conclusive operation for open, close and lock with no risk of accidental lock Ability to squeeze cement below the metal expandable packer No reduction in pressure rating regardless of OH ID and full bore ID of casing No post operation drill out required of the stage tools V0 stage cementing tools with inner string and metal expandable annular sealing system are not available on Oil & Gas market as a single tool. Therefore, this combined technology application of solutions from different technology providers to access a dedicated solution is totally novel and creates an opportunity for future applications across the industry.

Study of mixed materials heat exchanger using optimization techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Karimi ◽  
Hossein Ahmadi Danesh Ashtiani ◽  
Cyrus Aghanajafi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic View ◽  
Shuffled Frog Leaping ◽  
Mixed Material ◽  
Shell And Tube

Purpose This paper aims to examine total annual cost from economic view mixed materials heat exchangers based on three optimization algorithms. This study compares the use of three optimization algorithms in the design of economic optimization shell and tube mixed material heat exchangers. Design/methodology/approach A shell and tube mixed materials heat exchanger optimization design approach is expanded based on the total annual cost measured by dividing the costs of the heat exchanger to area of surface and power consumption. In this study, optimization and minimization of the total annual cost is considered as the objective function. There are three types of exchangers: cheap, expensive and mixed. Mixed materials are used in corrosive flows in the heat exchanger network. The present study explores the use of three optimization techniques, namely, hybrid genetic-particle swarm optimization, shuffled frog leaping algorithm techniques and ant colony optimization. Findings There are three parameters as decision variables such as tube outer diameter, shell diameter and central baffle spacing considered for optimization. Results have been compared with the findings of previous studies to demonstrate the accuracy of algorithms. Originality/value The present study explores the use of three optimization techniques, namely, hybrid genetic-particle swarm optimization, shuffled frog leaping algorithm techniques and ant colony optimization. This study has demonstrated successful application of each technique for the optimal design of a mixed material shell and tube heat exchanger from the economic view point.

scholarly journals P167 Pulmonary hypertension in patients with systemic sclerosis: an audit of screening practices, incidence and cost over 10 years

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Spray ◽  
Josephine Vila ◽  
Bridget Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Annual Cost ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Total Annual Cost ◽  
Electronic Patient Records ◽  
Right Heart Catheterisation ◽  
Annual Screening ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Low Incidence

Abstract Background Patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) are at risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a subtype of pulmonary hypertension (PH) which is not due to left-heart disease, chronic hypoxia or pulmonary arterial thrombus. The European Society of Cardiology recommends annual screening of patients with SSc due to the insidious presentation of PAH, poor outcomes, and the availability of effective treatments. Transthoracic echocardiography is the standard screening investigation, but NT pro-BNP, a biochemical marker of ventricular stretch, may be a cost-effective initial test with echocardiography reserved for patients with new or worsening symptoms or increasing NT pro-BNP. Our centre introduced NT pro-BNP as an adjunct to echocardiography in 2014. Methods We audited our SSc-PAH screening programme from 2009-2018 against the standard that every SSc patient should be screened annually with echocardiography or NT pro-BNP. Patients seen by the regional PH service prior to the first rheumatology clinic were excluded. We used our centre’s database of SSc patients and electronic patient records to determine if a patient had undergone PH screening. We calculated cost estimates from our hospital’s biochemistry and echocardiography departments. Results From 2009 to 2018, the number of SSc patients requiring annual screening rose from 81 to 215. In 2009, 65% of patients were screened - all with echocardiography. In 2018, 88% of patients were screened - 25% had an echocardiogram and 83% had a NT pro-BNP. 63% of patients were screened only through NT pro-BNP. Across the 1476 patient-years studied, only 6 new cases of PH were identified. PH was secondary to ILD in two cases, and true PAH in three cases (one patient refused diagnostic right-heart catheterisation). All three PAH diagnoses came from echocardiograms requested for worsening dyspnoea, so are not attributable to the screening programme. On 31 December 2018, 55% of these patients were taking phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) for severe Raynaud’s phenomenon (50% on sildenafil and 5% on tadalafil). 4% of patients were prescribed bosentan and 3% of patients were prescribed dual therapy with a PDE5i and bosentan. This may explain our centre’s low incidence of PAH. The annual cost of screening per patient has dropped from £82 in 2014 to £59 in 2018, and the total annual cost has plateaued since 2014, despite rising patient numbers and improved screening rates. Conclusion Since introducing NT pro-BNP alongside echocardiography as a screening tool for PAH in SSc patients, we spend less on our screening programme per patient and achieve higher screening rates. However, in 10 years, our screening programme has not detected any asymptomatic cases of PAH, raising questions about the necessity of screening asymptomatic SSc patients. Widespread PDE-5i use may contribute to the low incidence of PAH in our cohort. Disclosures L. Spray None. J. Vila None. B. Griffiths None.

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