Introduction. La technê et la connaissance des causes : Aristote et le modèle de la médecine

Elenchos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Cristina Viano
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Four Causes

Abstract The theme of the specificity of medical causes in the Greco-Roman world is part of a wider research project on the notion of causality, the starting point of which is Aristotle and his seminal theorisation of the four causes. It therefore seemed useful to introduce this collection with a synthetic presentation of the Aristotelian conception of medicine, which is characterised by the knowledge of causes and represents a paradigm for the other arts and practical knowledge.

New Testament

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wheeler-Reed
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
New Testament ◽  
The Other ◽  
1 Corinthians ◽  
Pastoral Epistles ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Thessalonians 1 ◽  
The New Testament

This chapter maintains that two ideologies concerning marriage and sex pervade the New Testament writings. One ideology codifies a narrative that argues against marriage, and perhaps, sexual intercourse, and the other retains the basic cultural values of the upper classes of the Greco-Roman world. These two ideologies are termed “profamily” and “antifamily.” The chapter proceeds in a chronological fashion starting with 1 Thessalonians, 1 Corinthians, and Mark. It concludes by examining Matthew, Luke, the Pastoral Epistles, and the Acts of Paul and Thecla.

The Gospel According to Luke (I–IX)

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Fitzmyer , S. J.
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good News ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Book Of Acts

In this first of two volumes on the Gospel According to Luke, Joseph A. Fitzmyer provides an exhaustive introduction, a definitive new translation, and extensive notes and commentary on Luke’s Gospel. Fitzmyer brings to the task his mastery of ancient and modern languages, his encyclopedic knowledge of the sources, and his intimate acquaintance with the questions and issues occasioned by the third Synoptic Gospel. Luke’s unique literary and linguistic features, its relation to the other Gospels and the book of Acts, and its distinctive theological slant are discussed in detail by the author. The Jesus of Luke’s Gospel speaks to the Greco-Roman world of first-century Christians, giving the followers of Jesus a reason for remaining faithful. Fitzmyer’s exposition of this Gospel helps modern-day Christians hear the Good News afresh.

Religion in Rome and Italy

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Kajava
Keyword(s):  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
The Other ◽  
Roman Religion ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Funerary Rituals ◽  
Religious Festivals ◽  
Starting Point

While inscriptiones sacrae—mostly dedications to deities or other texts dealing with their cults—traditionally occupy the first section of epigraphic corpora, the other sections also provide much evidence for religious beliefs and practices in the Roman world. Thus dedications to deities, religious calendars, sacred regulations, and curse tablets provide an obvious starting-point for the study of Roman religion. Other inscriptions also enrich our understanding of such topics as cultic personnel, sacrifices, temples, religious festivals, funerary rituals, and concepts of death and the afterlife .

The Gospel According To Luke (X–XXIV)

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Fitzmyer , S.J.
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Good News ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Book Of Acts

In this first of two volumes on the Gospel According to Luke, Joseph A. Fitzmyer provides an exhaustive introduction, a definitive new translation, and extensive notes and commentary on Luke’s Gospel. Fitzmyer brings to the task his mastery of ancient and modern languages, his encyclopedic knowledge of the sources, and his intimate acquaintance with the questions and issues occasioned by the third Synoptic Gospel. Luke’s unique literary and linguistic features, its relation to the other Gospels and the book of Acts, and its distinctive theological slant are discussed in detail by the author. The Jesus of Luke’s Gospel speaks to the Greco-Roman world of first-century Christians, giving the followers of Jesus a reason for remaining faithful. Fitzmyer’s exposition of this Gospel helps modern-day Christians hear the Good News afresh.

Ritualistic Formulae In Greek Dramatic Texts

1982 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-234
Author(s):  
Howard Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Near East ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Ancient World ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Greek Drama ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman

Ritualistic formulae and acts pervade the political, legal, societal and religious life of the ancient world. In many instances there are striking similarities between the formulae of the Greco-Roman world and those of the Near East. Often illumination exists from one to the other. Here I wish to notice a few passages in Greek drama where I think such illumination is possible.

‘Impregnable Ramparts and Walls Of Iron’: Boundary and Identity in Early ‘Judaism’ and ‘Christianity’

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUDITH LIEU
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Early Judaism

The metaphor of a boundary as that which separates ‘us’ from ‘the other’ is central in modern discussion of identity as constructed, yet it is also recognized that such boundaries both articulate power and are permeable. The model is readily applicable to the Greco-Roman world where kinship, history, language, customs, and the gods supposedly separated ‘us’ from barbarians, but also enabled interaction; Jews and Christians engaged in the same strategies. At the textual level it is the different ways in which boundaries are constructed, particularly using diet and sexuality, that invite attention. This may offer a way of addressing questions of unity and diversity, of Judaism versus Judaisms, and of how ‘Christianity’ emerges as separate from ‘Judaism’.

The World of Ancient Greco­Roman Magic

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-52
Author(s):  
Radcliffe G. Edmonds III
Keyword(s):  
Ancient World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The World ◽  
Ritual Activity

This chapter discusses the world of ancient Greco-Roman magic. When approaching the evidence from the ancient Greco-Roman world for ritualized action, one must analyze not only what kind of evidence one is examining but also what sort of action is depicted in the evidence. One must also analyze who is performing it and for whom, where and when it is performed, why it is being performed, and how the performance works. In this study, the chapters are organized primarily by what sort of practice is involved, but the analysis probes each of the other factors as well to determine when a ritualized action may be labeled “magic.” The survey of different varieties within the discourse of magic in the ancient Greco-Roman world provides one with a better sense of the categories and criteria by which the Greeks and Romans evaluated normative and non-normative ritual activity in the ancient world.

Self-Referential Complex Systems and Aristotle's Four Causes

2015 ◽  
pp. 239-260
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Malecic
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Scientific Discipline ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Newtonian Physics ◽  
Final Cause ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Modern Physics ◽  
Four Causes ◽  
Self Reference

In this chapter the author addresses a need for inclusion of all four Aristotle's causes (material, efficient, formal, and final) in modern science. Reality of modern physics (beyond Newtonian physics) and science of consciousness (and life and society) should include all four causes and tangled hierarchies (no scientific discipline is the most fundamental – the starting point for the author was Jung, then Rosen, and Aristotle was included much later). The four causes resemble rules for a machine or software (computation that “glues” everything together (Dodig-Crnkovic, 2012)), but a non-deterministic “machine” not replicable in a different medium. “Self-reference” from the title includes self-awareness, something seemingly not possible without final cause. On the other hand, this recognition of our (presumed) non-determinism and freedom might remind us to be even more self-aware and anticipatory. Computation, communication, networking, and memory as something technology is good at could contribute to that goal.

Paul against Empire

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-176
Author(s):  
Ole Jakob Løland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Friedrich Nietzsche ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Pauline Epistles ◽  
European Thought ◽  
Political Thinker

The image of a political thinker that arises from Taubes’s readings of Paul is the result of Taubes’s peculiar method of reading Paul through key thinkers of the twentieth-century European thought, such as Nietzsche, Benjamin, and Barth. The political aspects of the philosophers’ readings are brought to the fore by Taubes’s intertwinement of historical and philosophical perspectives, but also of the crossing of the Jewish and the Christian. Taubes’s political Paul is drawn from contradictory meanings within the Pauline epistles, primarily Romans. On one hand Taubes’s Paul is anti-imperial as the apostle’s message amplifies a seething antagonism toward the values of the Greco-Roman world and “declares war” against the Emperor himself. On the other, Taubes’s Paul develops a “nihilism” which is actually “quietist” and withdrawn in relation to direct contestation of actually existing authority. This nihilistic view of the apostle can be further argued for through affinities between readings of biblical scholars of our day and Friedrich Nietzsche, building further upon Taubes’s interpretations of Paul.

Paul’s Attitude at Athens (Acts 17:16–34)

Pneuma ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-254
Author(s):  
Reuben E. Duniya
Keyword(s):  
First Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Textual Data ◽  
Spiritual Mapping ◽  
The One

Abstract Commentators have interpreted Acts 17:16–34 in various ways. George Otis’s choice to associate Paul’s attitude and activity at Athens with spiritual mapping is an invitation to have another look at that text. Paul, being a human like anyone else, had background influences informing his perception of the images he saw at Athens. Whether this background influence is sufficient to interpret Paul’s response as an expression of cultural naiveté on the one hand or as spiritual mapping on the other depends on the textual data and background information available to us from his Jewish background and from evidence about the culture and thought of the first-century Greco-Roman world in which Paul lived. This article concludes that Paul was not expressing cultural naiveté at Athens, though it would be a stretch also to conclude that his action was spiritual mapping in the manner in which the concept is understood today even when lessons can be drawn from it for today’s practice.

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