scholarly journals Neonicotinoids and their Metabolites in Human Biomonitoring: A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.M. Kasiotis ◽  
K. Machera
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Analytical Method Validation ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Major Class ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Environmental Compartments

Summary Neonicotinoids (NNDs) constitute a major class of insecticides with a broad and versatile spectrum of applications in agriculture. Hence, their residues are found in several environmental compartments and can be transferred via several pathways to numerous organisms. Despite their profound impact on honeybees and wild bees (impairment of memory, impact on immune system), their presence in humans is far less reported, possibly due to the low to moderate toxicological effects that they elicit. The aim of the present review is to emphasize on developments in the biomonitoring of NNDs. It focuses mainly on chromatographic analysis of NNDs and their metabolites in human biological fluids, discussing key features, such as sample preparation and analytical method validation. Nonetheless, case reports regarding intoxication incidents are presented, highlighting the significance of such cases especially in the developing world.

scholarly journals Persistent, Ecotoxic and Bioaccumulative Compounds and their Possible Environmental Effects

1996 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1771-1780 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ballschmiter
Keyword(s):  
Critical Period ◽  
Environmental Fate ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Environmental Distribution ◽  
Major Class ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pollutant Transfer ◽  
Environmental Compartments

The relationship between physicochemical properties, environmental distribution and effects of organochlorine compounds as a major class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are discussed. The environmental fate of a compound includes its transport and dispersion in the environment as well as its accumulation and transformation in defined environmental compartments. Accumulation and transformation as the result of environmental distribution may have long-term consequences; this is indicated by the ultimate accumulation and long-term bioactivity of several widely spread organochlorines, and is clearly evident in the decomposition of chlorofluorocarbons in the stratosphere.Depending on the order of trophic levelsbiomagnifiaction factors of 10,000 up to 100,000 are encountered for persistentsemivolatile organochlorines such as 4,4'-DDE, PCB congeners or some Toxapheneconstituents. Mammals show intra-species pollutant transfer during thelactation period. While the mother animal is partly depleting its bodyburden, the calve accumulates in a critical period of its life via themilk a concentrated input of persistent organochlorines. A similar depletionphenomenon is also found for fish and crustacean which enrich in the eggsa substantial part of the accumulated body burden of the female.The air skimming of semivolatiles by plantsurfaces leads to surprisingly high levels of pollutants in the uppersoil layers of forests that otherwise would be considered pristine interms of human activities.

Chromatographic analysis of penicillins in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids

2006 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1879-1908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria F. Samanidou ◽  
Evaggelia N. Evaggelopoulou ◽  
Ioannis N. Papadoyannis
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations

Polyphenol Exposure, Metabolism, and Analysis: A Global Exposomics Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Oesterle ◽  
Dominik Braun ◽  
David Berry ◽  
Lukas Wisgrill ◽  
Annette Rompel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Human Biomonitoring ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
New Era ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Biotransformation Products ◽  
Exposure Levels

Polyphenols are generally known for their health benefits and estimating actual exposure levels in health-related studies can be improved by human biomonitoring. Here, the application of newly available exposomic and metabolomic technology, notably high-resolution mass spectrometry, in the context of polyphenols and their biotransformation products, is reviewed. Comprehensive workflows for investigating these important bioactives in biological fluids or microbiome-related experiments are scarce. Consequently, this new era of nontargeted analysis and omic-scale exposure assessment offers a unique chance for better assessing exposure to, as well as metabolism of, polyphenols. In clinical and nutritional trials, polyphenols can be investigated simultaneously with the plethora of other chemicals to which we are exposed, i.e., the exposome, which may interact abundantly and modulate bioactivity. This research direction aims at ultimately eluting into a true systems biology/toxicology evaluation of health effects associated with polyphenol exposure, especially during early life, to unravel their potential for preventing chronic diseases. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 12 is March 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document