scholarly journals Spiritual belief and its link with potentially addictive behaviors in a youth sample in Switzerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Chen ◽  
André Berchtold ◽  
Yara Barrense-Dias ◽  
Joan-Carles Suris
Keyword(s):  
Internet Use ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Spiritual Belief ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
Addictive Disorders ◽  
Individuation Process ◽  
Excessive Internet Use

Abstract Background Earlier studies suggested a positive impact of spirituality on addictive disorders, but this effect has rarely been studied in a large adolescent and young adult population. Aim To examine the association between spiritual beliefs (general belief, the supporting role of spiritual belief, the critical role of spiritual belief) and potentially addictive behaviors (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis and other illegal drugs, excessive Internet use and gambling). Methods Data were collected using online self-report questionnaires among a sample of 5179 adolescents and young adults aged 15–24 years in post-mandatory education in Switzerland. Statistical analysis at bivariate and multivariate level was performed. Results At the bivariate level, spiritual beliefs were linked to a lower risk of tobacco smoking, alcohol misuse and cannabis use as well as an increased risk of Internet overuse and gambling. However, at the multivariate level, controlling for age, gender, language and place of birth, significant associations were found only for alcohol misuse, Internet overuse and gambling. Conclusion The study provides evidence that spiritual belief could protect youth from the risk of alcohol misuse but could also increase the risk of excessive Internet use and gambling. The role of spiritual beliefs in preventing or motivating these problematic behaviors is of great interest for adolescent health care providers and should be considered in the light of the separation-individuation process and transition from adolescence to adulthood.

scholarly journals Association patterns of cannabis abuse and dependence with risk of problematic non-substance-related dysregulated and addictive behaviors

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255872
Author(s):  
José C. Perales ◽  
Antonio Maldonado ◽  
Eva M. López-Quirantes ◽  
Francisca López-Torrecillas
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Compulsive Buying ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Video Gaming ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Cannabis Dependence ◽  
Cannabis Abuse ◽  
Excessive Internet Use

Co-occurrence of drug misuse with other dysregulated behaviors is common. This study was aimed at exploring the associations between the risk of presenting a clinically relevant condition involving non-substance-related addictive or dysregulated behaviors (as measured by the MultiCAGE CAD-4 screening), and cannabis abuse/dependence (CAST/SDS) scores, and the role of gender therein. Participants were recruited using stratified probabilistic sampling at the University of Granada. Mann-Whitney’s U tests were used to compare male and female students in SDS and CAST scores. Associations between gender and MultiCAGE scores were estimated using the γ ordinal correlation index, and tested with χ2. For each MultiCAGE dimension, a Poisson-family mixed-effects model was built with either SDS or CAST as the main input variable, while controlling for nicotine and alcohol dependence, and relevant sociodemographic variables. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were computed for SDS/CAST effects, and the significance threshold was family-wise Bonferroni-corrected. Gender differences were significant for cannabis dependence/abuse and all MultiCAGE scores for non-substance-related conditions, with males showing higher risk scores for excessive gambling, excessive internet use, excessive video gaming, and hypersexuality, and females presenting higher scores in dysregulated eating and compulsive buying. Cannabis dependence and abuse were significantly associated with a higher risk of problematic video gaming. These associations were mostly driven by males. Importantly, although risk of problematic video gaming was specifically associated with cannabis abuse/dependence, there was only a weak non-significant association between problematic video gaming and alcohol use scores. Risk of alcohol use problems, in turn, was strongly associated with all other non-substance-related problems (problematic gambling, excessive Internet use, dysregulated eating, compulsive buying, and hypersexuality). These differential associations can cast light on the etiological similarities and dissimilarities between problematic substance use and putative addictive behaviors not involving drugs.

End-of-life decisions by adults with cancer: Role of religious practices and spiritual beliefs

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 9067-9067
Author(s):  
R. M. Navari ◽  
L. M. Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Advance Directive ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Religious Practices ◽  
Life Care ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Spiritual Beliefs ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Life Decisions

9067 Background: Religious practices and spiritual beliefs may affect end of life care decisions. Methods: Adult patients with advanced common cancers (Stages III, IV; lung, breast, prostate, colon) who were within one year of their diagnosis and were receiving active treatment in two community oncology practices, were interviewed (30 questions, 20–30 minutes) during an outpatient office visit to determine the major influences on end of life decisions. Specific attention was given to advance directives, influences on end of life decisions, discussions with family and physicians, and the role of religious practices and spiritual beliefs. 353 consecutive patients were invited to be interviewed and 339 patients (median age 66.2 yrs, 52.7% female, 57% married, 58% Caucasian, 30% African-American, 62% Christian, 61% high school education) completed the interview and were evaluable. Results: Fifty-one percent of the patients had an advance directive. The major influences on end of life decisions were family discussions (63%), quality of life (56%), personal experiences (50%), religious/spiritual beliefs (48%), financial burdens (41%), physician discussions (39%), and specific individuals (10%). Factors associated with having an advance directive were religious or spiritual affiliation, participating in regular religious or spiritual practices, and having discussed end of life decisions with their family or a physician. Patients had little knowledge of their religion's specific recommendations on end of life care and had few discussions with a religious professional on these issues. Conclusions: Health care providers need to recognize the influences on end of life decisions, as well as the role of patients’ religious practices and spiritual beliefs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

Social constraints associated with excessive internet use in adolescents: the role of family, school, peers, and neighbourhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (8) ◽  
pp. 1279-1287
Author(s):  
Lukas Blinka ◽  
Nika Šablatúrová ◽  
Anna Ševčíková ◽  
Daniela Husarova
Keyword(s):  
Internet Use ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Excessive Internet Use

Problematic internet use: a cross-sectional study on a model from university students in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Arafa ◽  
Shimaa Abo Saif ◽  
Asmaa Ramadan ◽  
Taha Rashed ◽  
Shrouk Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Problematic Internet Use ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Medical Faculties ◽  
Excessive Internet Use ◽  
Random Sampling Approach

Abstract Background Problematic Internet use in the form of excessive Internet use, excessive social network sites (SNSs) use, and compulsive Internet use (CIU) has been increasing among young adults. However, the association between excessive Internet and SNSs use and CIU have not yet been confirmed. This study aimed to investigate this association and detect the risk factors of excessive Internet use, excessive SNSs use, and CIU among university students in Egypt. Subjects and methods A multi-stage random sampling approach was adopted to include university students representing medical and non-medical faculties from 3 universities in Egypt. The Compulsive Internet Use Scale (CIUS) was used to measure the online addictive behaviors of students. Results The age of the 510 participating students was 20.84 ± 1.62 years, 28.2% were males, 36.9% were living in North Egypt, and 69.4% were registered in medical faculties. After adjustment for age, sex, residence, SNSs accounts, Internet payments, and academic gradings, having Sarahah account associated with excessive Internet use (p = 0.010), excessive SNSs use (p < 0.001), and CIU (p < 0.001) while having Instagram account associated with excessive Internet use (p = 0.019) only. CIU correlated positively with daily hours of Internet use (r = 0.303, p < 0.001) and daily hours of SNSs use (r = 0.356, p < 0.001). Conclusion Excessive Internet use and excessive SNSs use are associated with CIU. Having Sarahah account is related to excessive Internet use, excessive SNSs use, and CIU.

scholarly journals Typhoon eye effect versus ripple effect: the role of family size on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tooba Lateef ◽  
Jiyao Chen ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Teba Abdul Lateef ◽  
Bryan Z. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Populous Country

Abstract Background The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted adversely upon the mental health of millions of people worldwide. Impacts on the mental health conditions and the associated predictors relating to adults in Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world, during the COVID-19 remain understudied. Our aim was to investigate distress, anxiety, and overall mental health and their associated predictors among Pakistani adults in this pandemic. We specifically examine mental health issues based on the distance from the epicenter, (a predictor that has revealed opposing evidence in other countries) based on the theories of typhoon eye effect and ripple effect. The sample consisted of 601 adults who were surveyed online about 2.5 months into the outbreak across Pakistan with varying distances from the epicenter of COVID-19 of Karachi. Results The results showed that 9.2 and 19.0% of the participants surpassed the cut-off criteria for distress and anxiety disorders, respectively. Overall, the distance from the epicenter positively predicted the mental health of adults in Pakistan, and family size negatively moderated this effect. The distance from the epicenter negatively predicted distress and anxiety disorders for adults in large families, which are quite common in Pakistan. Conclusion The evidence of the study interestingly finds that the prediction of the mental health of people by their distance from the epicenter depends on family size. The evidence of this study can help to provide initial indicators for mental health care providers to screen vulnerable groups in Pakistan, a populous country that continues struggling to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

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