Span of Supervision and Repercussions of Envy: The Moderating Role of Meaningful Work

Though the current research stream has provided some risk factors for envy at the workplace, little is still known about the drivers and consequences of envy. Based on Vecchio’s theory, this study investigates the ripple effect of the span of supervision on envy. Moreover, it sheds light on the moderating role of meaningful work in their relationship. The data comprising sample size 439 were collected from confrères of four fast food companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Pakistan. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was implemented through SmartPLS 3.3.2 to analyze the measurement and structural relationships. The results demonstrate that a narrow span of supervision will increase work engagement, and reduce instigated incivility via decreasing envy and resource depletion in sequence. Moreover, meaningful work would help regulate the inimical stream of dénouement of envy. Theoretical and practical implications, along with the limitations and future directions, have also been discussed.

Platform Business in Korea: Advent and Growth of Kakao

With the rapid development of ICT technology, a platform business is exerting a dominant influence in various fields. This type of a business has a great ripple effect in that it creates value by engaging and connecting various market actors such as producers, suppliers, and business partners to the platform ecosystem, rather than directly selling independent products or services. In this vein, the current study introduces the emergence and growth process of Kakao, which has a monopolistic dominance in the Korean mobile messenger market, as an example of a platform business. This company started to be distributed to Korean consumers in 2010 and is currently exercising its market influence in various fields such as commerce, entertainment, finance, and transportation, and more growth is expected in the future. Based on the case investigation, the background of Kakao’s success can be interpreted with a combination of various reasons, such as Korea’s developed ICT environment, a large game users’ population, quick service launch, the strategy to utilize the founder’s previous work experience, and service development geared towards Korean consumers.

Quantitative Estimation of the Domestic Economic Ripple Effect of Foreign Disaster: The Case of China

In the past, damage from natural disasters was limited to the country directly affected, but as the world becomes one economic community, instances of damage spreading to other countries are increasing. Nonetheless, there has been insufficient research on the ripple effect of foreign disaster. This study thus analyzed the ripple effect on the domestic economy from foreign disaster, using a disaster scenario based on cases of China. The ripple effect was quantitatively calculated using an industry input coefficient. The results show that the direct damage was 0.08% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and the total amount of damage (including indirect damage) was 0.39% of GDP, thus demonstrating that foreign disaster could cause great damage to the domestic economy.

Growing Need for Alternative Covid-19 Vaccination Strategy in the Face of Vaccination Uptake Hesitancy in the United States

There has been accelerated effort geared towards the swift creation of COVID-19 vaccines; however, this fast pace poses a negative impact on vaccine acceptance. The current US COVID vaccine hesitancy of 23-33% has a ripple effect and makes it impossible to attain community immunity. The primary aim of this study was to assess the current COVID vaccine hesitancy rates and to argue for the need of more effective strategies to improve its uptake in the US. This paper reviewed quantitative peer-reviewed publications assessing COVID vaccine hesitancy in the US. It was revealed that COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was influenced by myriad factors like gender, education, political affiliation, race and location. Transparency and a mix of communication, local partnerships, incentives and arguably legal strategies can be adopted to attenuate US COVID vaccine hesitancy. Lastly, vulnerable demographics (black Americans and conservatives) need targeted COVID vaccine information. Keywords: Covid 19 Vaccines, Herd Immunity, Vaccine Uptake, Hesitancy and Vaccine Education

Evaluating the Benefits of a SNAP-Ed-Funded Community Garden Intervention Using Ripple Effect Mapping

In North Carolina, rural communities experience high rates of chronic illness due to health inequities exacerbated by the decline of major industries. Community gardens increase access to fresh produce and opportunities for physical activity and may offer additional benefits. These benefits can be difficult to measure as they are often unplanned or unintended. This article describes how we utilized Ripple Effect Mapping (REM), a participatory approach for evaluating complex interventions, to understand the impact of a SNAP-Ed-funded program. We purposively selected six community gardens to participate in 2-hour, facilitated REM sessions. On average, 15 people participated in each session. Participants developed a map of benefits using Appreciative Inquiry, mind mapping, and consensus-building methods. The map organized benefits across three levels: first ripple (individual), second ripple (interpersonal), and third ripple (community). In addition, participants coded benefits using the Community Capitals Framework. After the sessions, the research team extracted identified impacts into a matrix, aligned them with the SNAP-Ed Evaluation Framework, and developed digitized maps. These data corroborated findings from previous evaluations and offered insight into community-identified benefits not previously documented, including other types of capital generated by community gardens in rural communities. In addition, REM was an effective approach to measure and report several SNAP-Ed evaluation indicators, including LT11: Unexpected Benefits. Ultimately, the research team found REM to be an effective community-engaged method for understanding a complex intervention’s benefits while centering participant community voices and transferring ownership of the data to community partners, a key principle in equitable evaluation.

Distributed production under the pandemic shock: Vulnerability, resilience and the new stage of globalization

The paper draws attention to a new wave of public and academic debate on the future of globalization and on rationality of countries’ further participation in distributed production, i.e., their involvement in global value chains (GVCs) and value-added trade. Raised during the COVID-19 pandemic shock, this debate is the reaction of countries to the global diffusion of downfalls through transborder supplies. We analyze vulnerabilities of GVCs to sudden shocks, demonstrate the role of these risks in escalating the 2020 global recession and in shaping its unique features, as well as scrutinize the emerging post-pandemic strategies of leading MNEs for enhancing the GVC resilience. We argue that despite the collapse of the just-in-time supply system and the crucial dependency of many domestic industries on imports from China, the pandemic shock could neither undermine foundations of distributed production nor lead to mass reshoring. On the contrary, both analyzed practice and surveyed econometric literature confirm that benefits of countries’ participation in GVCs outweigh risks of their falling under potential rippling disruptions. Moreover, MNEs’ resilience strategies, which we classified into three interrelated lines of action (restructuring of GVCs’ supplier networks, production optimization, and GVCs’ digital transformation), give globalization a new impetus. We conclude with describing the changing features of distributed production under the ongoing GVCs’ restructuring and outline a number of promising export opportunities that objectively open up in the 2020s for developing economies, including Russia. In the course of our study, we examine key properties of resilient systems (robustness, flexibility, redundancy), some new notions (disruption risks, ripple effect, etc.), and new management approaches relevant for all types of economies and businesses under increased uncertainty.

The Nature of Enticement

<p>As the world’s population rapidly becomes significantly more urban than rural, the structures that enable urban adapted living can also become a barrier between humans and the living ecosystems they are a part of and have evolved within. It is becoming increasingly apparent that urbanisation in its current form, which tends to entail a disconnection with nature is having negative impacts on the minds and bodies of residents (such as excessive stress, headaches and fatigue). This thesis explores the theories of biophilia and how architects can respond to the adverse effects of urbanisation on humans by applying biophilic concepts to the built environment; this being biophilic design. The research investigates how to invite people into designed spaces that connect them with the immediate ecosystem, the outcomes that are felt on the mind and body. Specifically, biophilic principles and the articulation of the nature of a space is explored regarding their importance for reducing stress, encouraging relaxation and restoring cognitive functions, to potentially ignite a ripple effect that can change the way in which we live our daily lives in urban settings. Wellington, New Zealand has been identified as a global ‘biophilic city’ and is the chosen site for this design-led thesis, which tests how an area largely devoid of nature can be redesigned and used in a positive way to entice and draw people through space. The intention is to further enhance the connections made between the existing biophilic interventions and ultimately improve the holistic health of those who experience the urban setting. A set of biophilic criteria are developed and used in the design, with the outcome of this design exploration being a collaborative Ecologies Design Lab where professionals and students from different disciplines can come together for the collective goal of forwarding urban biophilic practice research. In addition to this, the intervention is designed to encourage the public to interact with the building, widening the scope of the building and targeted demographic. The investigation of aspects in biophilic design and how this can draw people through and beyond the immediate site to existing biophilically alive spots in other parts of the city is examined in correlation with other complementary theories such as narrative design, interior architecture principles, landscape architecture and founding architectural principles. The research aims to propose a journey throughout the city intent on initiating the healing process that occurs as people experience a connection with nature, either literally or metaphorically.</p>