Interventions of Speakers of Polish and British Parliaments in the light of politeness theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-109
Author(s):  
Dorota Brzozowska ◽  
Władysław Chłopicki
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
Politeness Theory

Abstract The present study attempts to analyze the interventions of Speakers of Polish and British Parliaments in the selected exchanges from 2018 to 2019 in terms of discourse-sensitive politeness theory advanced by Jonathan Culpeper. He proposes to use three types of impoliteness that affect three types of interlocutors’ faces via a range of impoliteness strategies. In the analyses we consider the linguistic, personal, and cultural as well as political context of the exchanges against the background of the unique, historically rooted institutional circumstances, with a special emphasis on the role of different physical contexts of respective Parliamentary chambers. We emphasize the discursive nature and continuum of (im)polite/(in)appropriate behaviors. In conclusion, the study falls back on Brown and Levinson’s tradition, argued not to be incompatible with Culpeper’s system, and confirms the existence of largely negative and largely positive politeness cultures, emphasizing the prevalence of Polish formal, impersonal, sometimes also affective impoliteness in contrast to the British somewhat more person-oriented, coercive impoliteness.

Separatism: a cross-linguistic corpus-assisted study of word-meaning development in a time of conflict

Corpora ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-416
Author(s):  
Tatyana Karpenko-Seccombe
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Word Meaning ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Word Usage ◽  
Parliamentary Debates ◽  
Dominant Ideologies

This paper considers the role of historical context in initiating shifts in word meaning. The study focusses on two words – the translation equivalents separatist and separatism – in the discourses of Russian and Ukrainian parliamentary debates before and during the Russian–Ukrainian conflict which emerged at the beginning of 2014. The paper employs a cross-linguistic corpus-assisted discourse analysis to investigate the way wider socio-political context affects word usage and meaning. To allow a comparison of discourses around separatism between two parliaments, four corpora were compiled covering the debates in both parliaments before and during the conflict. Keywords, collocations and n-grams were studied and compared, and this was followed by qualitative analysis of concordance lines, co-text and the larger context in which these words occurred. The results show how originally close meanings of translation equivalents began to diverge and manifest noticeable changes in their connotative, affective and, to an extent, denotative meanings at a time of conflict in line with the dominant ideologies of the parliaments as well as the political affiliations of individuals.

The Good Friday Agreement, 1998: Implementation

2020 ◽  
pp. 453-522
Author(s):  
John Coakley ◽  
Jennifer Todd
Keyword(s):  
Political Context ◽  
Power Sharing ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
Good Friday ◽  
The Core ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Good Friday Agreement ◽  
Run Up

Although the Good Friday Agreement dates from April 1998, its implementation was beset by crises over the formation of an executive, decommissioning of paramilitary arms, and policing reform. It was not until December 1999 that the institutions for which it made provision came into being. Even after that, the Assembly and executive continued to be subject to destabilizing pressures, and ultimately collapsed in 2002. It was only following the St Andrews Agreement of 2006 (which made some minor changes to the provisions agreed in 1998) that the Democratic Unionist Party agreed to restoration of the power-sharing executive and a new and more stable phase of power-sharing government ensued. The witness seminar that is at the core of this chapter discusses the role of civil servants in this process, focussing on the reorganization of government departments, the creation of North–South bodies, and the everyday mechanisms of government in the highly sensitive political context which followed the Good Friday Agreement, where delays in decommissioning and demilitarization and reform of policing were threatening political progress. Two additional interviews describe governmental thinking and strategies to resolve the outstanding issues move to a restoration of the institutions in the run-up to the St Andrews Agreement.

Talking Italian blues: Roberto Leydi, Giovanna Marini and American Influence in the Italian folk revival, 1954–66

Popular Music ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-334
Author(s):  
Rachel E. Love
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Folk Revival ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Musical Traditions ◽  
Postwar Italy

AbstractThis article examines how Roberto Leydi and Giovanna Marini, two important figures of the Italian ‘folk revival’, negotiated diverse American cultural influences and adapted them to the political context of Italy in the 1950s and 1960s. I argue that American musical traditions offered them valuable models even as many Italian intellectuals and artists grew more critical of US society and foreign policy. To explore this phenomenon in greater depth, I take as examples two particular moments of exchange. I first discuss American folklorist Alan Lomax's research in Italy and its impact on Leydi's career. I then examine how Marini employed American talking blues in order to reject US society in her first ballad, Vi parlo dell'America (I Speak to You of America) (1966). These two cases provide specific examples of how American influence worked in postwar Italy and the role of folk music in this process.

Not Moses, but David: Theology and politics in Psalm 78

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136
Author(s):  
Gili Kugler
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Strong Focus

AbstractPsalm 78 is a lengthy psalm with puzzling phrasing, which presents a peculiar historiography and enigmatic entities. The article begins by highlighting the omission of Moses in the psalm's chronological review, a feature that enables a strong focus on the role of God in the people's history. From concern with the absent Moses, the article moves to examine the role of David in the psalm as a way to access the psalmist's motivations and historical-political context. By examining literary, historical and theological features of the psalm, the article explores the use of collective memory and rewritten narratives for consolidating the people's religious and political ideals.

scholarly journals Translating the Commune: Cultural Politics and the Historical Specificity of the Anarchist Text

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Politics ◽  
English Translation ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Functional Identity ◽  
Semantic Ambiguity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Historical Specificity ◽  
Specific Factors

Abstract Translating the Commune: Cultural Politics and the Historical Specificity of the Anarachist Text — This essay deals with three interrelated matters: the first is the role of discourse analysis and the conscious theorization of discourse typologies in translation methodologies; the second is the absence of any complete English translation of Jules Vallès's autobiographical/historical trilogy, Jacques Vingtras, comprised of L'Enfant (1879), Le Bachelier (1881), and L'insurgé (1885); and the third is the analysis of specific discursive characteristics which establish the formal and functional identity of the Discourse of the Commune. Though widely published in popular and scholarly editions in France, Vallès's novels have not been included in the lycée corpus through an act of conscious cultural exclusion. This has contributed to the exclusion of Vallès abroad and to the absence of translations of the trilogy. In order to remedy this situation the translator must be aware of the specific socio-political context surrounding these novels as well as the particular formal characteristics which make up the discourse from which these texts emerge. Radical decentralisation, narrative fragmentation, multiple enunciative positions, neologisms, a structure based on an unresolved binary dialectic, interdiscursive mixing and semantic ambiguity are common characteristics of the discourse of the Commune as they are transposed metaphorically from the anarchistic theoretical discourse of P.-J. Proudhon to the Vallès texts: these specific factors coupled with a cultural politics of exclusion have long marginalized the trilogy in various curricula and, in addition, led to its exclusion from non-francophone cultures both in the original French and in translation.

Advertising nationalism: Commemorating the liberation war in Bangladeshi print advertisements

2020 ◽  
pp. 175063522095036
Author(s):  
Kajalie Shehreen Islam
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Significance ◽  
Discursive Constructions ◽  
Oriented Approach ◽  
Underlying Theme

This article explores the role of the media as a discursive tool in the commemoration of Bangladesh’s war of liberation. The author critically engages with the notion of mediated memory in the foreground of corporate nationalism. Through a discourse analysis of print advertisements published in Bangladeshi newspapers on the country’s Independence and Victory Days over five decades, she traces the use of nationalism in advertising discourse and the shift from a development-oriented approach to corporate nationalism, with the underlying theme of glorification of war. The study found that nationalistic-based discourse is a key theme of Bangladeshi advertisements published on its days of national significance – history and its heroes, symbols and images, poetry and song, are all used to invoke a banal nationalism. These discursive constructions depend largely on the political context but, as long as the political line is adhered to, advertisers are free to use nationalistic discourse to promote their brands, products and services.

A Backbencher on Parliamentary Reform, 1831–1832

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-563
Author(s):  
Mark O'Neill ◽  
Ged Martin
Keyword(s):  
John Milton ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Parliamentary Reform ◽  
Political Spectrum ◽  
Sociological Explanation

Historians have in recent years used several approaches to explain the first Reform Act. Michael Brock's elegant account sets the whole Reform crisis in its political context. D. C. Moore has attempted a ‘sociological’ explanation of ministers’ intentions, while John Milton-Smith has offered a more traditional analysis of their private papers. This emphasis on the men who framed and steered the measure through parliament perhaps obscures the role of the ordinary members in whose hands its fate rested. Like the ministers, the backbenchers also suffered intense periods of indecision, soul-searching and calculation based on a confused mixture of pragmatism and principle. This is especially true of the moderates, the men of the parliamentary centre, who provided the vital votes for the government's hair-breadth majority on the second reading in February 1831, but who deserted them to support General Gascoyne's motion a few days later. Only fifteen M.P.s voted both for the Bill and for Gascoyne's motion, thus locating themselves - at least temporarily - at the very centre of the political spectrum.

Stuck in the Middle: How to Review Dubai Art Month 2012

ARTMargins ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-119
Author(s):  
Nat Muller
Keyword(s):  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Critical Practice ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Activist Art ◽  
Global Art

This article examines the cultural, economic and political context of the Art Dubai art fair and its symposium the Global Art Forum, as well as the commercial, educational and curatorial role of the recent flourishing of galleries in Dubai. It unpacks the complex connections that exist in the MENA region between art as a critical practice, and art a marker of modernity and a commodity of hyper-capitalist consumption. The article evaluates the consequences of importing internationalist and activist art discourses to a conservative and absolutist monarchies in the Gulf with curtailed freedom of speech and of expression.

scholarly journals ESL Learners’ Sense of Alienation: An Exploratory Mixed Method Research on the Role of ESL Teachers’ Remarking Practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Misbah A. Khan ◽  
Misbah R. Khan ◽  
Iftikhar A. Chughtai
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Esl Teachers ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Evaluative Feedback ◽  
Low Performance ◽  
Esl Learners

The study attempts to highlight a major cause of learners’ detachment and low performance in ESL classrooms at graduation levels in Bahawalpur City, Punjab, Pakistan. In this connection, this study tries to focus on the role of teachers’ feedback remarks as a major cause of either instilling or accelerating sense of alienation among ESL learners. This study underpinned exploratory sequential mixed method research design to prove its hypotheses. The qualitative data shows that ESL learners receive evaluative remarks from their teachers in the form of 'face-threatening acts' more than ‘face-saving acts’ during classroom activities. Resultantly, they experience a sense of alienation from the language-related tasks and try to avoid the classroom situation feeling it a threat. The quantitative analysis shows the average range of sense of alienation experienced by learners which are highest in oral activities, lower in written tasks and lowest in comprehension-based activities. ESL teachers' evaluative feedback either instils or accelerates the sense of alienation among learners during various classroom activities. The type of alienation experienced more was an accelerated sense of alienation. This is why the majority of learners avoid getting engaged in the activities in which they find chances of losing self-image. Keeping the results in view, training sessions on ‘Face Wants, Politeness theory, and Speech Acts’ are recommended for ESL teachers to enhance their follow-up remarking practices. Moreover, there is a need to develop an anxiety-free classroom atmosphere to strengthen learners' autonomy and linguistic self-concept.

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