In vitro effect of dibenzyl trisulfide on the p50 of the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagogo John Pepple ◽  
Darien-Andrew Theodore Marsh ◽  
Marsha-Lyn Grace-Ann McKoy
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Supply ◽  
Erythrocyte Deformability ◽  
Dissociation Curve ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dibenzyl Trisulfide ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Control Samples

AbstractObjectivesDibenzyl trisulfide (DTS) has been reported to have cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory effects. It also affects erythrocyte deformability. We investigated the effects of DTS on the p50 of the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curve.MethodsBlood samples from 10 healthy male volunteers with normal haemoglobin AA were exposed to 50, 100, 200 and 400 ng/mL, respectively, of DTS. A hemox-analyzer was used to obtain the p50 values.ResultsThe mean p50 value for the control samples was 25.89 ± 2.18 mm Hg. The values for the samples exposed to 50, 100, 200 and 400 ng/mL were 23.53 ± 1.81 mm Hg, 22.62 ± 1.61 mm Hg, 21.88 ± 1.67 mm Hg and 21.68 ± 1.88 mm Hg, respectively.ConclusionsDTS caused a significant (p<0.001) reduction in p50 values indicating a shift of the oxygen- haemoglobin dissociation curve to the left in all the samples compared with control, suggesting that the administration of DTS could result in decrease in oxygen supply to tissues.

Hop Bract Polyphenols Reduced Three-day Dental Plaque Regrowth

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 848-851 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Shinada ◽  
M. Tagashira ◽  
H. Watanabe ◽  
P. Sopapornamorn ◽  
A. Kanayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Mutans Streptococci ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Mean

Previous research has shown the inhibitory effects of hop bract polyphenols (HBP) on cariogenic streptococci in vitro, but their effects in humans have not been investigated. This double-blind, crossover clinical study tested the hypothesis that HBP delivered in a mouthrinse suppresses plaque regrowth in humans. Twenty-nine healthy male volunteers had all plaque removed, and refrained from all oral hygiene for 3 days, except for rinsing with a mouthrinse containing 0.1% HBP or a placebo. The results showed that the mean amount of plaque assessed by the Patient Hygiene Performance score after the volunteers used the HBP mouthrinse was significantly less than that after they used the placebo (p < 0.001). The number of mutans streptococci in the plaque samples after volunteers used the HBP mouthrinse was significantly lower than that after they used the placebo (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that HBP, delivered in a mouthrinse, successfully reduced dental plaque regrowth in humans.

The In Vitro Effect of Ticlopidine on Fibrinogen and Factor VIII Binding to Human Platelets

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (03) ◽  
pp. 590-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lee ◽  
R C Paton ◽  
C Ruan ◽  
J P Caen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Fibrinogen Binding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryThe mode of action of the antiplatelet agent ticlopidine is not yet fully understood. Its multiple effects on platelet function include prolongation of the bleeding time, reduction in primary and secondary Waves of ADP-induced aggregation and inhibition of collagen and thrombin-induced aggregation. We have studied the in vitro effects of ticlopidine on fibrinogen binding induced by ADP and adrenaline as well as factor VIII/vWF binding induced by ristocetin. 125I-fibrinogen binding was measured in suspensions of freshly washed normal platelets stimulated by 10 μM ADP or 10 μM adrenaline. The binding of 125I-factor VIII/vWF in the presence of 1 mg/ml ristocetin was measured in both washed and paraformaldehyde-fixed platelets. Ticlopidine at final concentrations of 200, 100, 50 and 25 μM inhibited both ADP and adrenaline-induced fibrinogen binding in a dose-dependent manner. The mean % inhibition of ADP-induced fibrinogen binding was 82, 73, 42 and 32 respectively. The mean % inhibition of adrenaline induced fibrinogen binding was 86, 82, 60 and 35 respectively. In contrast, the factor VIII/vWF binding was unaffected by ticlopidine at all concentrations except at 200 μM using fresh platelets where a slight inhibition (19%) was observed.These results suggest that ticlopidine either inhibits platelet activation and consequently fibrinogen binding, or inhibits the binding directly, presumably by having an effect on the specific configuration of the platelet membrane required for normal fibrinogen binding.

Validation of Oxygen Saturation Monitoring in Neonates

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyang-Yun Pamela K. Shiao ◽  
Ching-Nan Ou
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Dissociation Curve ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation Curve ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Oxyhemoglobin Dissociation

•Background Pulse oximetry is commonly used to monitor oxygenation in neonates, but cannot detect variations in hemoglobin. Venous and arterial oxygen saturations are rarely monitored. Few data are available to validate measurements of oxygen saturation in neonates (venous, arterial, or pulse oximetric). •Purpose To validate oxygen saturation displayed on clinical monitors against analyses (with correction for fetal hemoglobin) of blood samples from neonates and to present the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve for neonates. •Method Seventy-eight neonates, 25 to 38 weeks’ gestational age, had 660 arterial and 111 venous blood samples collected for analysis. •Results The mean difference between oxygen saturation and oxyhemoglobin level was 3% (SD 1.0) in arterial blood and 3% (SD 1.1) in venous blood. The mean difference between arterial oxygen saturation displayed on the monitor and oxyhemoglobin in arterial blood samples was 2% (SD 2.0); between venous oxygen saturation displayed on the monitor and oxyhemoglobin in venous blood samples it was 3% (SD 2.1) and between oxygen saturation as determined by pulse oximetry and oxyhemoglobin in arterial blood samples it was 2.5% (SD 3.1). At a Pao2 of 50 to 75 mm Hg on the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve, oxyhemoglobin in arterial blood samples was from 92% to 95%; oxygen saturation was from 95% to 98% in arterial blood samples, from 94% to 97% on the monitor, and from 95% to 97% according to pulse oximetry. •Conclusions The safety limits for pulse oximeters are higher and narrower in neonates (95%–97%) than in adults, and clinical guidelines for neonates may require modification.

The In Vitro Effect Of Ticlopidine On Fibrinogen And Factor VIII Binding To Human Platelets

1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Lee ◽  
R C Paton ◽  
C Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Factor Viii ◽  
Human Platelets ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Prolonged Bleeding Time ◽  
Fibrinogen Binding ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Vitro Effects ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Induced Aggregation

Ticlopidine is an anti-aggregating drug whose mode of action is not yet fully understood. Its multiple effects on platelet function include prolonged bleeding time, reduction in primary and secondary waves of ADP-induced aggregation and inhibition of collagen and thrombin- induced aggregation. We have studied the in vitro effects of ticlopidine on fibrinogen binding induced by ADP and adrenaline as well as Factor VIII/vWF binding induced by ristocetin. 125I fibrinogen binding was measured in suspensions of freshly-washed normal platelets stimulated by 10 μM ADP or 10 μM adrenaline. The binding of 125I-Factor VIII/vWF in the presence of 1 mg/ml ristocetin was measured in both washed and paraformaldehyde-fixed platelets. Ticlopidine at final concentrations of 200, 100, 50 and 25 μM inhibited both ADP and adrenaline-induced fibrinogen binding in a dose-dependent manner. The mean % inhibition of ADP-induced fibrinogen binding was 82, 73, 42 and 32 respectively. The mean % inhibition of adrenaline-induced fibrinogen binding was 86, 82, 60 and 35 respectively. In contrast, the Factor VIII/vWF binding was unaffected by ticlopidine at all concentrations except at 200 μM using fresh platelets where a slight inhibition (19 %) was observed.These results suggest that ticlopidine either inhibits platelet activation and consequently fibrinogen binding, or inhibits the binding directly, presumably by having an effect on the specific configuration of the platelet membrane required for normal fibrinogen binding.

scholarly journals In vitro effect of ozone in phagocytic function of leucocytes in peripheral blood.

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Diaz-Luis ◽  
Silvia Menendez-Cepero ◽  
Arturo Diaz-Luis ◽  
Yudenia Ascanio-Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Oxygen Mixture ◽  
Phagocytic Function ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Gas Phases ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Vitro Effect

Introduction. The ozone immune modulation is based on its effect on the immune system and oxidative metabolism. When whole human blood is exposed to the appropriate ozone doses, we can observe in the cells different biochemical reactions that in turn are able to improve the immunity mechanism. Objectives. The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effect of ozone on blood phagocytosis. Methods. Blood samples of 30 mL were taken from five healthy male blood donors in the morning, and were subdivided in 6 glass tubes of 5 mL each (control, oxygen and 4 ozone groups). A volume of 5 mL ozone/oxygen mixture at different ozone concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 80 µg/mL) was collected with glass syringes. There after the gas was immediately bubbled in the blood samples. Syringes were slowly but continuously mixed in shaker with stirring, during 10 min allowing a complete mixing of the liquid–gas phases with minimal foaming. Two of the above blood samples were used as controls: the first sample blood and the second blood treated with oxygen only. Phagocytic cell function was assessed by direct microscopic Baehner method. The results were analyzed by paired T test; significance was defined as a value less than 0.05. Results. After ozonation, phagocytic function increase with significant differences in comparison with controls groups (p=0.04). Respect to the ozone concentrations, the phagocytic function increased at 20 µg/mL and even more at 40 µg/mL, but decrease with 80 µg/mL. However, there were no significant differences in phagocytic function in the blood exposed to 10 µg/mL in comparison with controls. Conclusion. Ozone may stimulate the phagocytic function of the peripheral blood cells in a dose-dependent fashion.

scholarly journals Growth and regrowth of actin bundles in Chara: bundle assembly by mechanisms differing in sensitivity to cytochalasin

1986 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
R.E. Williamson ◽  
U.A. Hurley
Keyword(s):  
Normal Bundle ◽  
Cytoplasmic Streaming ◽  
Intact Cell ◽  
Structural Effects ◽  
Actin Bundles ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pointed End ◽  
Vitro Effect

Cytochalasin is known to inhibit cytoplasmic streaming rapidly in characean cells without disassembling their actin bundles. Lower cytochalasin concentrations than those needed for streaming inhibition are now shown to disrupt bundle assembly and, over longer periods, assembled bundles. After local wounding, cytochalasin limited bundle regeneration to the production of polygons and straight, discontinuous bundles that rarely connected to bundles outside the wound. The regenerated bundles supported only scattered organelle movements, whereas long, oriented bundles of control cells were connected to those outside the wound and supported bulk endoplasmic streaming. Unwounded Chara plants cultured for up to 2 weeks in 1 microM-cytochalasin maintained normal bundle orientation and rapid cytoplasmic streaming, but the mean number of bundles per file of chloroplasts fell from 5.2 in controls to 2.0 in growing cells and 3.4 in nongrowing cells. These structural effects seem more likely than the streaming inhibition to reflect cytochalasin's in vitro effect of blocking extension at the barbed but not the pointed end of F-actin. In particular, cytochalasin inhibited the extension into the wound of bundles in which only the barbed ends of filaments would be exposed. However, short lengths of isolated bundles grew within the wound and bundle growth in the intact cell continued, albeit in modified form. It is suggested that these examples of continuing bundle growth involve cytochalasin-resistant mechanisms that are not wholly dependent on barbed-end filament growth.

Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia: a Prospective Study

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
pp. 061-065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Ansell ◽  
Nicholas Slepchuk ◽  
Raminder Kumar ◽  
Aaron Lopez ◽  
Luzbella Southard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Heparin Therapy ◽  
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serial Blood ◽  
High Release ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
To Receive

SummaryThrombocytopenia occurred in 11.6% of 43 patients prospectively randomized to receive either bovine lung or porcine mucosal heparin. Four patients received bovine heparin and developed mild to moderate thrombocytopenia after eight to twelve days which resolved when therapy was stopped in one to six days. One patient received porcine heparin and developed mild thrombocytopenia after four days. The thrombocytopenia resolved in one day in spite of continued heparin therapy.Serial blood samples from the five thrombocytopenic patients were studied for their in vitro effect upon normal platelets. These samples induced a high release of serotonin from normal platelets or caused normal platelets to aggregate in the presence of additional heparin. Release or aggregation coincided with or occurred shortly after nadir platelet counts were reached and returned toward normal following cessation of heparin.Our data constitute the first prospective study of heparin induced thrombocytopenia in which serial blood samples were studied before, during and following the onset of thrombocytopenia. They strongly support the presence of a heparin dependent co-factor, presumably an antibody, as the cause for thrombocytopenia.

scholarly journals Haemtological Parameters of Residents of Offa, KWARA State

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185
Author(s):  
Lekan Sheriff Ojulari ◽  
Kabir Taiye Abubakar ◽  
Bamidele Victor Owoyele
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Western World ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wbc Count ◽  
Rbc Count

Objectives: This study aims to study some hematologic parameters, here, the packed cell volume (PCV), the red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin concentration (HC) and white blood cell (WBC) count in residents of Offa in Kwara state, Nigeria. Methods: Blood samples of healthy male and female Offa indigenes were analyzed for RBC count, PCV, HC and WBC count. Results: The mean HC was 14.6 and 13.71 g/dl of blood, for both males and females respectively, while the mean PCV was 43.1% and 40.4% for both males and females, respectively. The mean RBC count for males was 5.45 x 166 cells per mm3 while that of females was 4.55 x 106 / mm3. Conclusion: All values investigated were lower than that for Caucasians. The probable causes of the differences between the above values as compared to those of the western world were also discussed. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 02 April’13 Page 180-185 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i2.14947

CHANGES IN THE COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYTIC SYSTEM DURING PREGNANCY

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Woodhams ◽  
G Candotti ◽  
P B A Kernoff
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Fibrinopeptide A ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Control Samples

Blood samples were collected from 17 volunteers between 8-14, 26-28 and 32-34 weeks of pregnancy. Control samples were collected from 12 non-pregnant female volunteers not using oral contraceptives. All samples were assayed for fibrinopeptide A (FPA), B beta 15-42 and for cross linked D-dimer fragments. A sample was collected for measurement of the in vitro rate of generation of fibrinopeptide A from whole blood (FPA-R).These results are consistent with an increased activation of coagulation (increased FPA and shortened FPA-R) during normal pregnancy, which is compensated for by a concomitant rise in fibrinolytic activity (increased D-dimer and B beta 15-42). In 2 patients who miscarried and 2 patients who developed hypertension during pregnancy changes indicative of a non compensated hypercoagulable state could be seen. The study shows that the progress of pregnancy is associated with increased activation of coagulation and a concomitant rise in fibrin(ogen) degradation products. This data shows that a combination of these tests may be capable of detecting changes in the haemostatic balance that occur before the onset of clinical signs of gynaecological problems.

In Vitro, Effect of Ellagic Acid on Glucose and Albumin Levels for Diabetics Type 1 in Al-Muthanna Province

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Tariq Hadi ◽  
Nabil Sabri Al-Habib ◽  
Riyadh Jaleel Nahi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Ellagic Acid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Varietal Differences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Vitro Effect

The current study is interested in the study of the effect of ellagic acid on levels of glucose and albumin for diabetics of type 1. The target blood samples were collected from 52 diabetics’ type 1 (female and male). For each collected sample, the levels of glucose and albumin were firstly measured and the obtained read was recorded as a control read. A solution of ellagic acid (45 µL) was then added and the resulting solution was then incubated at 37 oC for 45, followed by measuring the levels of glucose and albumin. The same sample was then incubated again at 37 oC for further 45 minutes and the levels of glucose and albumin were then measured. For both incubation times, the obtained results showed that the addition of ellagic acid reduced the levels of glucose and albumin. Furthermore, varietal differences were observed in the levels of glucose and albumin depending on the incubation time. In addition, all obtained reads were studied statistically as a function for some risk factors such as age, weight, and gender.

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