scholarly journals Predictors Of Mortality In Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction And Resuscitated Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea Bărcan ◽  
Monica Chițu ◽  
Edvin Benedek ◽  
Nora Rat ◽  
Szilamer Korodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Survivor Group ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Infarct Related Artery ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Introduction: In patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) complicating an ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the survival depends largely on the restoration of coronary flow in the infarct related artery. The aim of this study was to determine clinical and angiographic predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients with OHCA and STEMI, successfully resuscitated and undergoing primary percutaneous intervention (PCI).Methods: From January 2013 to July 2015, 78 patients with STEMI presenting OHCA, successfully resuscitated, transferred immediately to the catheterization unit and treated with primary PCI, were analyzed. Clinical, laboratory and angiographic data were compared in 28 non-survivors and 50 survivors.Results: The clinical baseline characteristics of the study population showed no significant differences between the survivors and non-survivors in respect to age (p=0.06), gender (p=0.8), the presence of hypertension (p=0.4), dyslipidemia (p=0.09) obesity (p=1), smoking status (p=0.2), presence of diabetes (p=0.2), a clinical history of acute myocardial infarction (p=0.7) or stroke (p=0.17). Compared to survivors, the non-survivor group exhibited a significantly higher incidence of cardiogenic shock (50% vs 24%, p=0.02), renal failure (64.3% vs 30.0%, p=0.004) and anaemia (35.7% vs 12.0%, p=0.02). Three-vessel disease was significantly higher in the non-survivor group (42.8% vs. 20.0%, p=0.03), while there was a significantly higher percentage of TIMI 3 flow postPCI in the infarct-related artery in the survivor group (80.% vs. 57.1%, p=0.03). The time from the onset of symptoms to revascularization was significantly higher in patients who died compared to those who survived (387.5 +/- 211.3 minutes vs 300.8 +/- 166.1 minutes, p=0.04), as was the time from the onset of cardiac arrest to revascularization (103.0 +/- 56.34 minutes vs 67.0 +/- 44.4 minutes, p=0.002). Multivariate analysis identified the presence of cardiogenic shock (odds ratio [OR]: 3.17, p=0.02), multivessel disease (OR: 3.0, p=0.03), renal failure (OR: 4.2, p=0.004), anaemia (OR: 4.07, p=0.02), need for mechanical ventilation >48 hours (OR: 8.07, p=0.0002) and a duration of stay in the ICU longer than 5 days (OR: 9.96, p=0.0002) as the most significant independent predictors for mortality in patients with OHCA and STEMI.Conclusion: In patients surviving an OHCA in the early phase of a myocardial infarction, the presence of cardiogenic shock, renal failure, anaemia or multivessel disease, as well as a longer time from the onset of symptoms or of cardiac arrest to revascularization, are independent predictors of mortality. However, the most powerful predictor of death is the duration of stay in the ICU and the requirement of mechanical ventilation for more than forty-eight hours.

scholarly journals Modern treatment of acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation complicated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Ratko Lasica ◽  
Mina Radosavljević-Radovanović ◽  
Predrag Mitrović ◽  
Ana Ušćumlić ◽  
Igor Mrdović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Modern Treatment ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

scholarly journals Epidemiological Trends in the Timing of In-Hospital Death in Acute Myocardial Infarction-Cardiogenic Shock in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula ◽  
Shannon M. Dunlay ◽  
Malcolm R. Bell ◽  
P. Elliott Miller ◽  
Wisit Cheungpasitporn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Organ Failure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment

Background: There are limited data on the epidemiology and timing of in-hospital death (IHD) in patients with acute myocardial infarction-cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS). Methods: Adult admissions with AMI-CS with IHDs were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (2000–2016) and were classified as early (≤2 days), mid-term (3–7 days), and late (>7 days). Inter-hospital transfers and those with do-not-resuscitate statuses were excluded. The outcomes of interest included the epidemiology, temporal trends and predictors for IHD timing. Results: IHD was noted in 113,349 AMI-CS admissions (median time to IHD 3 (interquartile range 1–7) days), with early, mid-term and late IHD in 44%, 32% and 24%, respectively. Compared to the mid-term and late groups, the early IHD group had higher rates of ST-segment-elevation AMI-CS (74%, 63%, 60%) and cardiac arrest (37%, 33%, 29%), but lower rates of acute organ failure (68%, 79%, 89%), use of coronary angiography (45%, 56%, 67%), percutaneous coronary intervention (33%, 36%, 42%), and mechanical circulatory support (31%, 39%, 50%) (all p < 0.001). There was a temporal increase in the early (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for 2016 vs. 2000 2.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.22–2.78)) and a decrease in mid-term (aOR 0.75 (95% CI 0.71–0.79)) and late (aOR 0.34 (95% CI 0.31–0.37)) IHD. ST-segment-elevation AMI-CS and cardiac arrest were associated with the increased risk of early IHD, whereas advanced comorbidity and acute organ failure were associated with late IHD. Conclusions: Early IHD after AMI-CS has increased between 2000 and 2016. The populations with early vs. late IHD were systematically different.

scholarly journals Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic on the Incidence and Management of Out‐of‐Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients Presenting With Acute Myocardial Infarction in England

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rashid (Hons) ◽  
Chris P. Gale (Hons) ◽  
Nick Curzen (Hons) ◽  
Peter Ludman (Hons) ◽  
Mark De Belder (Hons) ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Invasive Coronary Angiography ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background Studies have reported significant reduction in acute myocardial infarction–related hospitalizations during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. However, whether these trends are associated with increased incidence of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in this population is unknown. Methods and Results Acute myocardial infarction hospitalizations with OHCA during the COVID‐19 period (February 1–May 14, 2020) from the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project and British Cardiovascular Intervention Society data sets were analyzed. Temporal trends were assessed using Poisson models with equivalent pre–COVID‐19 period (February 1–May 14, 2019) as reference. Acute myocardial infarction hospitalizations during COVID‐19 period were reduced by >50% (n=20 310 versus n=9325). OHCA was more prevalent during the COVID‐19 period compared with the pre–COVID‐19 period (5.6% versus 3.6%), with a 56% increase in the incidence of OHCA (incidence rate ratio, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.39–1.74). Patients experiencing OHCA during COVID‐19 period were likely to be older, likely to be women, likely to be of Asian ethnicity, and more likely to present with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. The overall rates of invasive coronary angiography (58.4% versus 71.6%; P <0.001) were significantly lower among the OHCA group during COVID‐19 period with increased time to reperfusion (mean, 2.1 versus 1.1 hours; P =0.05) in those with ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction. The adjusted in‐hospital mortality probability increased from 27.7% in February 2020 to 35.8% in May 2020 in the COVID‐19 group ( P <.001). Conclusions In this national cohort of hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction, we observed a significant increase in incidence of OHCA during COVID‐19 period paralleled with reduced access to guideline‐recommended care and increased in‐hospital mortality.

scholarly journals Same-Day Versus Non-Simultaneous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Complicating Acute Myocardial Infarction

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2613
Author(s):  
Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula ◽  
Sri Harsha Patlolla ◽  
Malcolm R. Bell ◽  
Wisit Cheungpasitporn ◽  
John M. Stulak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Ecmo Support ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Hospitalization Costs ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Background: Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used for hemodynamic support for in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI), there are limited data on the outcomes stratified by the timing of initiation of this strategy. Methods: Adult (>18 years) AMI admissions with IHCA were identified using the National Inpatient Sample (2000–2017) and the timing of ECMO with relation to IHCA was identified. Same-day vs. non-simultaneous ECMO support for IHCA were compared. Outcomes of interest included in-hospital mortality, temporal trends, hospitalization costs, and length of stay. Results: Of the 11.6 million AMI admissions, IHCA was noted in 1.5% with 914 (<0.01%) receiving ECMO support. The cohort receiving same-day ECMO (N = 795) was on average female, with lower comorbidity, higher rates of ST-segment-elevation AMI, shockable rhythm, and higher rates of complications. Compared to non-simultaneous ECMO, the same-day ECMO cohort had higher rates of coronary angiography (67.5% vs. 51.3%; p = 0.001) and comparable rates of percutaneous coronary intervention (58.9% vs. 63.9%; p = 0.32). The same-day ECMO cohort had higher in-hospital mortality (63.1% vs. 44.5%; adjusted odds ratio 3.98 (95% confidence interval 2.34–6.77); p < 0.001), shorter length of stay, and lower hospitalization costs. Older age, minority race, non-ST-segment elevation AMI, multiorgan failure, and complications independently predicted higher in-hospital mortality in IHCA complicating AMI. Conclusions: Same-day ECMO support for IHCA was associated with higher in-hospital mortality compared to those receiving non-simultaneous ECMO support. Though ECMO-assisted CPR is being increasingly used, careful candidate selection is key to improving outcomes in this population.

scholarly journals New Developments in the Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction Associated with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest. A Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Monica Marton-Popovici ◽  
Dietmar Glogar
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Catheterization Laboratory ◽  
St Segment ◽  
Percutaneous Revascularization ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) occurring as the first manifestation of an acute myocardial infarction is associated with very high mortality rates. As in comatose patients the etiology of cardiac arrest may be unclear, especially in cases without ST-segment elevation on the surface electrocardiogram, the decision to perform or not to perform urgent coronary angiography can have a significant impact on the prognosis of these patients. This review summarises the current knowledge and recommendations for treating patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting with OHCA. New therapeutic measures for the post-resuscitation phase are presented, such as hypothermia or extracardiac life support, together with strategies aiming to restore the coronary flow in the resuscitation phase using intra-arrest percutaneous revascularization performed during resuscitation. The role of regional networks in providing rapid access to the hospital facilities and to a catheterization laboratory for these critical cardiovascular emergencies is described.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest complicating non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction: 18‐year US study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula ◽  
Jacob C. Jentzer ◽  
Abhiram Prasad ◽  
Lindsey R. Sangaralingham ◽  
Kianoush Kashani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction ◽  
St Segment

scholarly journals Admission biomarkers among patients with acute myocardial-infarction related cardiogenic shock with or without out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Thoegersen ◽  
M Frydland ◽  
O Helgestad ◽  
LO Jensen ◽  
J Josiassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Soluble Thrombomodulin ◽  
Catheterization Laboratory ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): Lundbeck Foundation OnBehalf Critical Cardiac Care Research Group Background Approximately half of all patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS) present with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Cardiogenic shock due to OHCA is caused by abrupt cessation of circulation, whereas AMICS without OHCA is due to cardiac failure with low cardiac output. Thus, there may also be differences between the two conditions in terms of blood borne biomarkers. Purpose To explore the potential differences in the admission plasma concentrations of biomarkers reflecting tissue perfusion (lactate), neuroendocrine response (mid-regional proadrenomedullin [MRproADM], Copeptin, pro-atrial natriuretic peptide [proANP]), endothelial damage (Syndecan-1, soluble thrombomodulin [sTM]), inflammation (soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 [sST2]) and kidney injury (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL]), in patients with AMICS presenting with or without OHCA. Method Consecutive patients admitted for acute coronary angiography due to suspected ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) were enrolled during a 1-year period. A total of 2,713 patients were screened. In the present study 86 patients with confirmed STEMI and CS at admission were included. Results Patients with OHCA (had significantly higher median admission concentrations of Lactate (6,9 mmol/L vs. 3.4 mmol/L p &lt;0.001), NGAL (220 ng/ml  vs 150 ng/ml p = 0.046), sTM (10 ng/ml vs. 8.0  ng/ml p = 0.026) and Syndecan-1 (160 ng/ml vs. 120 ng/ml p= 0.015) and significantly lower concentrations of MR-proADM (0.85 nmol/L  vs. 1.6 nmol/L p &lt;0.001) and sST2 (39 ng/ml vs. 62 ng/ml p &lt; 0.001).  After adjusting for age, sex, and time from symptom onset to coronary angiography, lactate (p = 0.008), NGAL (p = 0.03) and sTM (p = 0.011) were still significantly higher in patients presenting with OHCA while sST2 was still significantly lower (p = 0.029). There was very little difference in 30-day mortality between the OHCA and non-OHCA groups (OHCA 37% vs. non-OHCA 38%). Conclusion Patients with STEMI and CS at admission with or without concomitant OHCA had similar 30-day mortality but differed in terms of Lactate, NGAL, sTM and sST2 levels at the time of admission to catheterization laboratory. These findings propose that non-OHCA and OHCA patients with CS could be considered as two individual clinical entities. Abstract Figure. Level of biomarkers OHCA vs. non-OHCA

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