scholarly journals S. W. Williams’ Relations with Asa Gray: Lifelong Friendship, Botany and Sinology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-80
Author(s):  
So Chit-Shing
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Chinese Descent ◽  
American Botanist ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Asa Gray

Abstract Samuel Wells Williams was a well-known missionary, diplomat and sinologist. In his whole life, he never gave up his pursuit on botany, however, there was not much attention to his botanical accomplishment. Williams had a lifelong friendship with Asa Gray, who was the most distinguished American botanist in the 19th century. And because of the contact, Williams related with botany indeed. In order to figure out their friendship and influence, this article is going to use the correspondences between Williams and Gray, besides the related publications. This article first presents Williams’ lifelong friendship with Gray, then, accounts for the plants and seeds which Williams gave to Gray. Finally, it will demonstrate the influence of Gray towards Williams’ contact with Ko Kun-hua, who was the first professor of Chinese descent at Harvard University.

EFRAIM KARSH AND INARI KARSH, Empires of the Sand: The Struggle for Mastery in the Middle East, 1789–1923 (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1999). Pp. 419. $29.95 cloth.

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 559-565
Author(s):  
Charles D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Promotional Campaign ◽  
The 19Th Century

The subject of a promotional campaign by Harvard University Press, Empires of the Sand purports to challenge established scholarship with respect to the drawn-out demise of the Ottoman Empire from 1789 to 1923. The Karshes argue that European imperialism was more benevolent than threatening and coexisted with Middle Eastern imperialisms—Ottoman, Egyptian, or Arab. In their view, European imperial powers “shored up” the Ottoman Empire rather than sought to deprive it of territories under its domain during the 19th century. To be sure, there was some European “nibbling at the edges of empire” (Algeria, Tunisia, Libya), but these incursions had little impact on the Ottomans; Cyprus (1878) is ignored. The only true “infringement on Ottoman territorial stability,” the British takeover of Egypt, happened by “chance not design,” with the blame attributed to Sultan Abdul Hamid's mismanagement of the crisis. The same story of Ottoman incompetence and attempts to manipulate European powers explains Ottoman loss of territory in the Balkans.

The Harvard University Library: A National Resource

1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Space Problem ◽  
University Library ◽  
University Archives ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
National Resource

Harvard University is a decentralized university, with each of its nine faculties basically responsible for its own financial well-being. The library operates within the framework of this decentralization. The term ‘Harvard University Library’ therefore has two different meanings. In one seise it refers to those who are responsible for carrying out certain functions where coordination is required. Specifically, the University Library provides a unified catalogue for the c.90 library units throughout the university. It also manages the Harvard Depository, which helps to ease the space problem, and provides certain preservation services to the decentralized libraries. The Harvard University Archives is a University Library institution, and there are also University Library functions in the areas of personnel and publications. The decentralized library system began to be developed in the 19th century. Not only do the libraries not share common funding or administration; they have varied purposes and types of reader. Short-term access for outsiders is possible in almost all of the libraries. A distinguishing feature of the library is its international collections, whose development began to be emphasized at the very aid of the 19th century. The library's digital initiatives are largely aimed at providing better service to the library's readers.

Can We Predict Species Invasions?

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Simberloff
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Species Invasions ◽  
American Botanist ◽  
Asa Gray ◽  
Charles Elton

Can we predict which species will become invasive if they are introduced? Asa Gray, the great 19th-century American botanist, contended that impacts of invasions cannot be predicted, and invasion biologists from Charles Elton onward have lamented how hard it is to foresee what a...

scholarly journals The Past and Future of Econ 101: The John R. Commons Award Lecture

2020 ◽  
pp. 056943452091052
Author(s):  
N. Gregory Mankiw
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Pedagogical Tools ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Introductory Economics ◽  
The 19Th Century

The introductory economics course, often called Econ 101, is where most economists get their start and where many students receive their only exposure to the field. This essay discusses the course’s evolution. It first looks back at how economics was taught at Harvard University in the 19th century, based on a textbook by Professor Francis Bowen. It then looks ahead at how the introductory course may change as pedagogical tools improve, as society confronts new challenges, and as the field accumulates new knowledge. JEL Classification: A2

Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55
Author(s):  
Takashi Takekoshi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Qing Dynasty ◽  
The Qing Dynasty ◽  
Chinese Scholars ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The 19Th Century

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.

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