scholarly journals Public Trust, Intellectual Property and Human Genetic Databanks: The Need to Take Benefit Sharing Seriously

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne Nicol
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Genetic Information ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Genetic Technologies

AbstractThe last decade or so has seen major advances in two key areas of biomedicine: new genetic technologies, including genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and the like; and stem cell technology. Both are touted as offering much promise in terms of our understanding of basic biological process and in the translation of this basic science into mainstream medical practice. But in both areas much further research must be done to realise this promise, and this hinges on the appropriate and adequate supply of essential research tools, particularly human tissue, human cells and human genetic information, which are referred to collectively here as

scholarly journals Stem Cell Technology for Basic Science and Clinical Applications

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamya S. Shihabuddin ◽  
Jasodhara Ray ◽  
Fred H. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Cell Technology

Application of Stem Cell Technology for Coronary Artery Disease at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. E231-E234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balram Airan ◽  
Sachin Talwar ◽  
Shiv Choudhary ◽  
Akshay Bisoi ◽  
Ujjwal Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
India Institute ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Cell Technology ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals A Regional Review of Genetic Resource Access and Benefit Sharing – Key Issues and Research Gaps

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Clare Morrison ◽  
Fran Humphries ◽  
Charles Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
National Level ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Benefit Sharing ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Access And Benefit Sharing ◽  
Legal Mechanism

Countries are increasingly using access and benefit sharing (ABS) as a legal mechanism to support the conservation and sustainable use of the world’s biological diversity. ABS regulates collection and/or use of genetic resources/traditional knowledge and sharing benefits from their use with the provider. The purpose of this review is to assess the trends, biases and gaps of ABS literature using a regional comparative approach about the key topics of concern between each region. It analyses four key topic groupings: (1) implementation of international, regional and national ABS policy and law; (2) intellectual property and ABS; (3) traditional knowledge; and (4) research, development and commercialisation. Findings included gaps in: (1) analysing effectiveness of national level implementation; (2) addressing apparent conflicts between support for intellectual property promoting exclusivity for traditional knowledge and challenges to intellectual property exclusivity for patents; (3) examining traditional knowledge of local communities (in contrast to Indigenous Peoples); and (4) lack of practical examples that quantify benefit sharing from research and commercialisation outcomes. We conclude that future research addressing the identified gaps and biases can promote more informed understanding among stakeholders about the ABS concept and whether it is capable of delivering concrete biological conservation, sustainable use and equity outcomes.

scholarly journals RBIO-06. IMPLEMENTATION OF HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL DERIVED CEREBRAL ORGANOIDS TO MODEL NORMAL TISSUE RADIORESPONSE

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. ii193-ii193
Author(s):  
Lawrence Bronk ◽  
Sanjay Singh ◽  
Riya Thomas ◽  
Luke Parkitny ◽  
Mirjana Maletic-Savatic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Human Tissue ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Human Brain Tissue ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
Mature Neurons ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
Effects Of Radiation

Abstract Treatment-related sequelae following cranial irradiation have life changing impacts for patients and their caregivers. Characterization of the basic response of human brain tissue to irradiation has been difficult due to a lack of preclinical models. The direct study of human brain tissue in vitro is becoming possible due to advances in stem cell biology, neuroscience, and tissue engineering with the development of organoids as novel model systems which enable experimentation with human tissue models. We sought to establish a cerebral organoid (CO) model to study the radioresponse of normal human brain tissue. COs were grown using human induced pluripotent stem cells and a modified Lancaster protocol. Compositional analysis during development of the COs showed expected populations of neurons and glia. We confirmed a population of microglia-like cells within the model positive for the makers Iba1 and CD68. After 2-months of maturation, COs were irradiated to 0, 10, and 20 Gy using a Shepard Mark-II Cs-137 irradiator and returned to culture. Subsets of COs were prepared for immunostaining at 30- and 70-days post-irradiation. To examine the effect of irradiation on the neural stem cell (NSC) population, sections were stained for SOX2 and Ki-67 expression denoting NSCs and proliferation respectively. Slides were imaged and scored using the CellProfiler software package. The percentage of proliferating NSCs 30-days post-irradiation was found to be significantly reduced for irradiated COs (5.7% (P=0.007) and 3.4% (P=0.001) for 10 and 20 Gy respectively) compared to control (12.7%). The reduction in the proliferating NSC population subsequently translated to a reduced population of NeuN-labeled mature neurons 70 days post-irradiation. The loss of proliferating NSCs and subsequent reduction in mature neurons demonstrates the long-term effects of radiation. Our initial results indicate COs will be a valuable model to study the effects of radiation therapy on normal and diseased human tissue.

scholarly journals Applications of mesenchymal stem cell technology in bovine species

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Baracho Trindade Hill ◽  
Fabiana Fernandes Bressan ◽  
Bruce D. Murphy ◽  
Joaquim Mansano Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Cell Technology ◽  
Bovine Species

Study of functional cosmetics based on stem cell technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (S2) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Sung Hyun Choi ◽  
Jisoo Yun ◽  
Sang Mo Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Cell Technology

Stem cells in brain diseases: From cell replacement to disease modeling

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Kosi ◽  
Dinko Mitrečić
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Disease Modeling ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Stem Cell Technology ◽  
Cell Based Therapy

AbstractNeurological diseases are recognized as one of the most significant burdens of the modern society. Therefore, a new therapeutic approach applicable to nervous system represents priority of today’s medicine. A rapid development of stem cell technology in the last two decades introduced a possibility to regenerate disease-affected nervous tissue. In this vein, stem cells are envisioned as a replacement for lost neurons, a source of trophic support, a therapeutic vehicle, and as a tool for in vitro modeling. This article reviews the current concepts in stem cell-based therapy of neurological diseases and comments ongoing efforts aiming at clinical translation.

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