Design of All Optical XOR Gate based on Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Swarnakar ◽  
Sapna Rathi ◽  
Santosh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Circular Ring ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Optical Logic ◽  
Xor Gate ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

Abstract The photonic crystals (PhC) play an important role in building all optical logic devices and also recommended as solution for opto-electronic bottleneck in terms of speed and size. This paper put forward a design of XOR gate using Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator (PCRR). The ring resonator is a device which provides output on the basis of coupling of mode fields from a linear waveguide to circular ring. The proposed work is designed using two-dimensional (2D) square lattice photonic crystals within the dimensions of $\left( {37a \times 37a} \right)$ by putting silicon (Si) rods in silica (SiO2). The study of device is carried out using finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) method and verified using MATLAB.

All optical NAND/NOR and majority gates using nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Mamnoon-Sofiani ◽  
Sahel Javahernia
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Logic Gates ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Optical Logic ◽  
Optical Logic Gates ◽  
Nonlinear Photonic Crystal ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

Abstract All optical logic gates are building blocks for all optical data processors. One way of designing optical logic gates is using threshold switching which can be realized by combining an optical resonator with nonlinear Kerr effect. In this paper we showed that a novel structure consisting of nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator which can be used for realizing optical NAND/NOR and majority gates. The delay time of the proposed NAND/NOR and majority gates are 2.5 ps and 1.5 ps respectively. Finite difference time domain and plane wave expansion methods were used for simulating the proposed optical logic gates. The total footprint of the proposed structure is about 988 μm2.

Concave Rectangle Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator for Ultra-Fast All-Optical Modulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sana Rebhi ◽  
Radhouene Massoudi ◽  
Monia Najjar
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Extinction Ratio ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Light Signal ◽  
Optical Modulator ◽  
Nonlinear Photonic Crystal ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

AbstractIn this paper, an ultra-fast all-optical modulator, based on a new shape of nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator, is designed and studied. Numerical methods such as plane wave expansion (PWE) and finite-difference time domain (FDTD) are used to perform simulations. The modulation technique consists of carrier light controlling by means of input light signal and Kerr effect. The investigation of extinction ratio and insertion loss within the carrier input power shows that the choice of 0.7 W is the optimal value of that power to ensure the tradeoff between both characteristics. The suggested modulator demonstrates an excellent extinction ratio about 20.8018, a very low insertion loss of −13.98 and a short switching time about 13.4 ps. According to the obtained results, the modulator can be considered as an ultra-fast and ultra-compact optical component.

Design and Numerical Analysis of an All-optical 4-channel Power Splitter in E, S, C, L, and U Bands via Nano-line Defects in Photonic Crystal

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247
Author(s):  
Saeed Olyaee ◽  
Mahmood Seifouri ◽  
Ebrahim Azimi Sourani ◽  
Vigneswaran Dhasarathan
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Band Gap ◽  
Output Power ◽  
Wavelength Range ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Input Power ◽  
Square Lattice ◽  
Power Splitter ◽  
All Optical ◽  
Line Defects

AbstractIn the present study, the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a square-lattice photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) is investigated using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Then, the plane wave expansion (PWE) method is utilized to calculate the 2D photonic crystal band structure. To realize the desired waveguide, nano-line defects are introduced. The results of the numerical simulations and optimization scanning indicate that for the proposed photonic crystal structure consisting of silicon circular dielectric rods with a radius of 84 nm, a band gap can be achieved in the wavelength range of 1.34 μm<λ<1.93 μm. This wavelength range covers E, S, C, L, and U communication bands. Subsequently, by eliminating the rods in four parts of the structure, an all-optical 4-channel splitter can be designed. The numerical simulation results indicate that by coupling a light source to the main path of the structure and propagating it through each channel, the powers of the 4 output facets become approximately the same. The output power of channels 1 and 2 equals to 24.5 % of the input power, and the output power of channels 3 and 4 is 21 % of the input power and the remaining 9 % is lost in the structure as the leakage power. Since the 1.55 μm wavelength is within the band gap, that is the telecommunication band C, this device can be used as a power splitter.

Tunable High Performance 16-Channel Demultiplexer on 2D Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator Operating at Telecom Wavelengths

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Naghizade ◽  
S. M. Sattari-Esfahlan
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystal ◽  
Wavelength Division Multiplexing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Photonic Band Gap ◽  
Fdtd Method ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Photonic Crystal ◽  
Two Dimensional Photonic Crystal ◽  
Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator

AbstractHere, we proposed a high performance 16-channel optical demultiplexer using two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator for telecommunication systems. By plane wave expansion (PWE) method the photonic band gap (PBG) of proposed structure calculated. Then, with finite difference time domain (FDTD) method the performance parameters of designed two-dimensional photonic crystal demultiplexer are analyzed. It is found that the channel wavelength of wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) is truly tuned by changing the structure parameters of the demultiplexer and position of rod. Output peaks located in the optical communication C-band and L-band with the transmission efficiency of 99 %. The demultiplexer exhibits high-quality factor of 5176, and spectral width of 0.3. Very low crosstalk values are between −19 dB and −90 dB where, device only occupies an area of 1708.65 µm2. The proposed compact 16-channel demultiplexer can find more applications for the ultra-compact WDM systems in highly integrated telecommunication circuits.

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