Ramadan fasting and pregnancy: implications for fetal development in summer season

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Nafi Sakar ◽  
Huseyin Gultekin ◽  
Bulent Demir ◽  
Vuslat Lale Bakir ◽  
Deniz Balsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Doppler Indices

AbstractIn the Islamic religion, Ramadan is a month in the year that is passed by fasting. Healthy adult individuals are prohibited to eat, drink, and smoke from sunrise to sunset. In the present study, our aim was to assess the relation of Ramadan fasting with fetal development and maternal-fetal Doppler indices in pregnant women.This is a prospective case-control study carried out in the month of Ramadan in 2013 (9 July–7 August). One hundred and six pregnant women at the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were enrolled into the study. The sample size of the fasting group was 83 and the non-fasting group sample size was also 83. Fetal biometric measurements, such as biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, estimated fetal weight, amniotic fluid index, and Doppler indices of both uterine and umbilical arteries were evaluated by gray scala and color Doppler ultrasound at the beginning and end of Ramadan.At the end of the Ramadan, increase in biparietal diameter, head circumference, and femur length showed a statistically significant difference from initial measurements (P<0.05). When fasting and non-fasting groups were compared separately, an increase in amniotic fluid index was statistically significant in the non-fasting group (P<0.05).We demonstrated some adverse effects of Ramadan fasting on fetal development. In the Islamic religion, pregnant individuals have the privilege of not fasting; therefore, they should consider postponing fasting to the postpartum period, especially in the summer season. If they are willing to do so, an appropriate nutritional program should be recommended.

scholarly journals Sonographic Reference Values for Fetal Transverse Cerebellar Diameter in the Second and Third Trimesters in a Nigerian Population

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Ugwoke Eze ◽  
Queendaline Ebere Onwuzu ◽  
Innocent Uchechukwu Nwadike
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Outer Margin ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Last Menstrual Period ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Nigerian Population

This study aimed to establish reference values of fetal transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) in a Nigerian population. A cross-sectional convenience study was carried out between June 2013 and May 2014 in Enugu, Nigeria. The sonographic examinations were performed on 697 pregnant women with gestational ages between 14 and 40 weeks. The TCD measurements were obtained from the proximal outer margin to the distal outer margin of cerebellum. The women’s last menstrual period, femur length, biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference were also recorded. The mean (standard deviation) TCD increased from 13.6 (2.2) mm to 27.3 (2.6) mm and 28.9 (2.0) mm to 42.9 (2.0) mm in the second and third trimesters, respectively. The relationship of TCD with gestational age obtained from last menstrual period, femur length, biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference was determined. The TCD had a strong correlation with gestational age ( r = .93; P < .05). Reference values for TCD were established for those patients who attended this clinic. This is a likely data set to use for future research that could focus on similar practices and in other regions of the country for possible generation of a nationwide nomogram.

Fetal biometry in ethnic Chinese: biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Leung ◽  
M. W. Pang ◽  
S. S. Daljit ◽  
T. Y. Leung ◽  
C. F. Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
Biparietal Diameter

scholarly journals Possibilities of using ultrasonographic fetal biometry in cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 6499-2021
Author(s):  
ANNA GÓRKA ◽  
MAŁGORZATA OCHOTA ◽  
WOJCIECH NIŻAŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Body Diameter ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Eye Diameter

Ultrasonographic fetal biometry is a technique used in both human and veterinary medicine to predict parturition time and evaluate fetal development. In domestic cats, the parameters that have been examined so far are the inner chorionic cavity diameter (ICC), biparietal diameter (BPD), deep portion of diencephalotelencephalic vesicle (DPTV), femur length (FL), body diameter/abdominal diameter (BD/AD), and eye diameter (ED). The most accurate are ICC and BPD measured in early and late pregnancies. With regard to breed and size differences, there are formulas dedicated to Maine coons. There is a need to develop formulas for other domestic cat breeds and to examine the course of development of more fetal structures.

scholarly journals Effect of Ramadan fasting on amniotic fluid index in last month of pregnancy

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Khalaf ◽  
Abdelaziz E. Tammam ◽  
Ibrahem Ibrahem ◽  
Dina M. Habib ◽  
Mohamad Sayed Abdellah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Ramadan Fasting

scholarly journals Accuracy of transverse cerebellar diameter by ultrasonography in the evaluation gestational age of fetus

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-228
Author(s):  
V Natraj Prasad ◽  
Vivek Dhakal ◽  
Pramod Kumar Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Biometric Parameter ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation ◽  
Length Of Gestation

Background & Objectives: Estimation of the length of gestation is of paramount importance to obstetricians. The fetal cerebellum grows progressively along gestational period and transverse cerebellar diameter can be used as a new biometric parameter to assess the gestational age of fetus. This study was done to evaluate the accuracy transverse cerebellar diameter against other regularly measured parameters like biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length in pregnant women between 15 to 40 weeks of gestation.Materials & Methods: In this study of 60 pregnant women between 15-40 weeks of gestation, all the parameters like biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length and transverse cerebellar diameter were measured with ultrasonography. The measured values were then correlated with gestational age using regression coefficient.Results: Gestational age estimated by transverse cerebellar diameter (R2 = 0.989; p < 0.001) had good predictive value which was comparable to gestational age estimated by biparietal diameter (R2 =0.929; P < 0.01), head circumference (R2 =0.964; P < 0.01), abdominal circumference (R2 =0.931; P < 0.01) and fetal length (R2 = 0.966; P < 0.01). Conclusion: Transverse cerebellar diameter has a good predictive accuracy for gestational age estimation which is comparableto other routinely used parameters and can be used as an alternative parameter to predict the gestational age.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional study to evaluate sonographic foetal humerus length for estimation of gestational age in normal singleton pregnancies at a tertiary care centre

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3622
Author(s):  
Premlata Mital ◽  
Richa Ainani ◽  
Nupur Hooja ◽  
Priya Sonkhya ◽  
Vishwas Pradodh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: Accurate knowledge of gestational age of the foetus is essential for planning a timely and uneventful outcome. Biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length reliably predict gestational age. The humerus length is not widely used as biometric parameter for determining the GA so the present study was done to estimate foetal gestational age by measuring humerus length between 18 to 36 weeks of normal singleton pregnancies and to compare humerus length with routine parameters.Methods: This was a hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study, 200 women with viable singleton pregnancy, with known LMP, between 18 weeks to 36 weeks of gestation were included. Various foetal measurements such as biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length and humerus length were measured using electronic calipers on ultrasound. Data were statistically analyzed.Results: The mean humerus length at 18 weeks was 25.27±1.16 mm and at 36 weeks of gestation was 57.11±1.58 mm. Simple linear regression analysis shows a strongly significant linear relationship between humerus length and gestational age. Where, gestational age (weeks) Y= 0.5213 x humerus length (X) + 4.905; with high degree of correlation coefficient (R2 =0.9785 and P≤0.0001). When Compared with BPD, HC, AC and FL, humerus length also shows a linear correlation.Conclusions: The measurement of the humerus length can be an important additional parameter for estimating gestational age along with other parameters and can be used to predict the gestational age of fetuses in special circumstances.

scholarly journals Does the Summer Season Affect the Amniotic Fluid Volume during Pregnancy?

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9483
Author(s):  
Ah-Young Choi ◽  
Jun-Yi Lee ◽  
In-Sook Sohn ◽  
Han-Sung Kwon ◽  
Yong-Soo Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Admission Rate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Volume ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Nicu Admission

Amniotic fluid is crucial for the well-being of the fetus. Recent studies suggest that dehydration in a pregnant woman leads to oligohydramnios. We assessed the variation in the amniotic fluid index (AFI) during the summer and non-summer seasons and evaluated neonatal outcomes. We retrospectively reviewed electrical medical records of pregnant women who visited the Konkuk University Medical Center for antenatal care, between July 2005 and July 2019. A total of 19,724 cases from 6438 singleton pregnant women were included after excluding unsuitable cases. All AFI values were classified as 2nd and 3rd trimester values. Additionally, borderline oligohydramnios (AFI, 5–8) and normal AFI (AFI, 8–24) were assessed according to the seasons. The average AFI between the summer and non-summer season was statistically different only in the 3rd trimester; but the results were not clinically significant. In the 3rd trimester, the summer season influenced the increased incidence of borderline oligohydramnios. The borderline oligohydramnios group showed an increased small-for-gestational-age (SGA) rate and NICU admission rate. In the summer season, the incidence of borderline oligohydramnios was seen to increase. This result would be significant for both physicians and pregnant women.

Homocysteine levels in amniotic fluid

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (04) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Colaizzo ◽  
Gennaro Vecchione ◽  
Natale Sciannamè ◽  
Angelo Notarangelo ◽  
Anna Croce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Homocysteine Concentration ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Twin Pregnancies ◽  
Pregnancy And Birth

SummaryHyperhomocysteinemia could playa similar role in the placenta to that played in adults at risk of thrombosis. Moreover, hyperhomocysteinemia in women is described to be associated with the birth of small for gestational age (SGA) newborns, although there are discrepancies on this issue. To date, there is no biochemical marker predictive of SGA in a given pregnancy. We verified the presence of a relationship between homocysteine in amniotic fluid at mid-pregnancy and birth-weight. Amniotic fluid was obtained from 459 healthy women undergoing midtrimester amniocentesis (17.1 ± 1.2 weeks) because of maternal age. Homocysteine levels were measured in 434 (10 twin) pregnancies. In addition, femur length (FL) and biparietal diameter (BPD) were measured. Outcome of pregnancy was recorded. 233 (53.7%) foetuses were males,201 (46.3%) females. The mean homocysteine concentration was 1.04 ± 0.72 µM, (95% C.I. 0.43–2.41). An univariate analysis showed the presence of an association with gestational age, FL, BPD. A multiple linear regression showed that homocysteine levels were significantly associated with FL (p<0.001) and BPD (p=0.011). After excluding twin pregnancies, 31 newborns (7.3%) were classified as SGA. Mean birth-weight was 2390 g in SGA, where as it was 3360 g in 393 adequate for gestational age (AGA) newborns (p<0.001).The adjusted mean level of homocysteine was significantly lower in AGA (1.01 µM; 95%CI: 0.94–1.08) than that recorded in pregnancies resulting in a SGA (1.29 µM; 95%CI: 1.05–1.51; p=0.03). In a large setting, these data provide reference values for homocysteine in amniotic fluids. Moreover, they suggest that homocysteine levels in amniotic fluids may be higher in pregnancies with a SGA newborn.

AN ULTRASOUND SURVEY ON THE PLACENTA AND AMNIOTIC CHARACTERISTICS IN THE SINGLE POSTTERM PREGNANCY

2011 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Thi My Dung Ha ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Cao ◽  
Thi Song Huong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Ultrasound Scanning ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Postterm Pregnancy ◽  
Fluid Properties ◽  
Labor Transfer ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Obstetric Department ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Objective: To characterize ultrasound images of placenta and amniotic fluid in cases of singleton pregnancies beyond term predictions, and also explore the relationship between placenta, amniotic fluid and labor transfer status, postpartum child status. Image properties of prenatal placenta and amniotic fluid are immediately examined with ultrasound in 267 cases of postterm pregnancy beyond prediction at Obstetric Department, Hue Central Hospital. Results: In postterm pregnancy, placenta thickness decreases gradually according to gestational age. Oligohydramnios is 30.3%. There is a correlation between amniotic fluid index and birth method with r = 0.41. Sensitivity is 89.15%. Specificity is 48.55%. There is also a correlation between amniotic fluid echogenicity and method of birth: r = 0.478. Sensitivity is 97.67%. Specificity is 42.75%. Amniotic fluid index and baby Clifford's syndrome are also relevant, with r=0.466. Sensitivity is 83.78%. Specificity is 78.26%. Conclusions: Ultrasound scanning of amniotic fluid properties should be noted in the case of postterm pregnancy.

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