scholarly journals Possibilities of using ultrasonographic fetal biometry in cats

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (02) ◽  
pp. 6499-2021
Author(s):  
ANNA GÓRKA ◽  
MAŁGORZATA OCHOTA ◽  
WOJCIECH NIŻAŃSKI
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Body Diameter ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Eye Diameter

Ultrasonographic fetal biometry is a technique used in both human and veterinary medicine to predict parturition time and evaluate fetal development. In domestic cats, the parameters that have been examined so far are the inner chorionic cavity diameter (ICC), biparietal diameter (BPD), deep portion of diencephalotelencephalic vesicle (DPTV), femur length (FL), body diameter/abdominal diameter (BD/AD), and eye diameter (ED). The most accurate are ICC and BPD measured in early and late pregnancies. With regard to breed and size differences, there are formulas dedicated to Maine coons. There is a need to develop formulas for other domestic cat breeds and to examine the course of development of more fetal structures.

scholarly journals Can trans-cerebellar diameter supersede other fetal biometry in measuring gestational age? A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rintu George ◽  
Umamageswari Amirthalingam ◽  
Mohamed Rafi Kathar Hussain ◽  
Vigneshwar Aditiya ◽  
A. M. Anand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Gestational Age Estimation

Abstract Background Estimation of gestational age plays a pivotal role in day to day clinical practice for appropriate management of newborn. The trans-cerebellar diameter can predict gestational age in cases of variations of fetal head shape such as dolichocephaly and brachycephaly or even when fetus is in posterior position. Trans-cerebellar diameter (TCD) may be useful in gestational age estimation. Aim and methodology To determine the accuracy of trans-cerebellar diameter in the estimation of gestational age of fetus and comparing the conventional parameters like head circumference, biparietal diameter, abdominal circumference and femur length in the measurement of gestational age. This is a prospective, cross-sectional analytical study done in the Radiology Department in those patients who were referred to the department for a routine antenatal ultra-sonogram checkup. Results Comparison of trans-cerebellar diameter with gestational age derived from last menstrual period indicates that there is a linear relationship throughout the gestational ages. There is a strong correlation of trans-cerebellar diameter with other conventional parameters namely biparietal diameter, femur length and abdominal circumference of which Femur length correlates well with the trans-cerebellar diameter. Correlation of transcerebellar diameter with gestational age shows a R2 of 0.995 (p value < 0.001). Conclusion Trans-cerebellar diameter is best in estimation of gestational age when compared to biparietal diameter, femur length and abdominal circumference. The regression formula derived from trans-cerebellar diameter measurement can be applied to determine the gestational age of fetus.

Ramadan fasting and pregnancy: implications for fetal development in summer season

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Nafi Sakar ◽  
Huseyin Gultekin ◽  
Bulent Demir ◽  
Vuslat Lale Bakir ◽  
Deniz Balsak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Head Circumference ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Amniotic Fluid Index ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Islamic Religion ◽  
Doppler Indices

AbstractIn the Islamic religion, Ramadan is a month in the year that is passed by fasting. Healthy adult individuals are prohibited to eat, drink, and smoke from sunrise to sunset. In the present study, our aim was to assess the relation of Ramadan fasting with fetal development and maternal-fetal Doppler indices in pregnant women.This is a prospective case-control study carried out in the month of Ramadan in 2013 (9 July–7 August). One hundred and six pregnant women at the second and third trimesters of pregnancy were enrolled into the study. The sample size of the fasting group was 83 and the non-fasting group sample size was also 83. Fetal biometric measurements, such as biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, estimated fetal weight, amniotic fluid index, and Doppler indices of both uterine and umbilical arteries were evaluated by gray scala and color Doppler ultrasound at the beginning and end of Ramadan.At the end of the Ramadan, increase in biparietal diameter, head circumference, and femur length showed a statistically significant difference from initial measurements (P<0.05). When fasting and non-fasting groups were compared separately, an increase in amniotic fluid index was statistically significant in the non-fasting group (P<0.05).We demonstrated some adverse effects of Ramadan fasting on fetal development. In the Islamic religion, pregnant individuals have the privilege of not fasting; therefore, they should consider postponing fasting to the postpartum period, especially in the summer season. If they are willing to do so, an appropriate nutritional program should be recommended.

Fetal biometry in ethnic Chinese: biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Leung ◽  
M. W. Pang ◽  
S. S. Daljit ◽  
T. Y. Leung ◽  
C. F. Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Circumference ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
Biparietal Diameter

Use of fetal biometry in the assessment of gestational age in South East Nigeria: Femur length and biparietal diameter

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 477 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Anyanwu ◽  
KK Agwuna ◽  
EN Obikili ◽  
OJ Ezugworie ◽  
AU Agu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Fetal Biometry ◽  
Biparietal Diameter

Do prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) change their activity and space use in response to domestic cat (Felis catus) excreta?

Mammalia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Keane ◽  
Phillip J. Long ◽  
Yasmeen Fleifil ◽  
Nancy G. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Space Use ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Microtus Ochrogaster ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Prairie Voles ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Odor Cues ◽  
Risk Of Predation

AbstractBehavioral changes that reduce the risk of predation in response to predator-derived odor cues are widespread among mammalian taxa and have received a great deal of attention. Although voles of the genus Microtus are staples in the diet of many mammalian predators, including domestic cats (Felis catus), there are no previous studies on vole space utilization and activity levels in response to odor cues from domestic cats. Therefore, the objective of our study was to investigate responses of adult prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) living in semi-natural habitats to odor cues from domestic cat excreta. Contrary to expectations, neither adult males or females showed significant changes in space use or willingness to enter traps in response to cat odors. One hypothesis to explain our results are that prairie voles have not co-evolved with domestic cats long enough to respond to their odors. Other possible explanations include whether levels of odors in the environment were sufficient to trigger a response or that the perceived risk of predation from odor cues alone did not outweigh relative costs of changing space use and activity levels. Future studies should consider multiple factors when determining what cues are sufficient to elicit antipredatory behavior.

Testicular effects of a postnatal GnRH antagonist in domestic cats

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gnrh Antagonist ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Cellular Debris ◽  
Reduced Height ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Luminal Area ◽  
Germinal Cells

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the histological effects of two high postnatal doses of the potent third-generation GnRH antagonist, acyline in the domestic cat testicle. Secondly, the physical, endocrine, and steroidogenic findings of this pharmaceutical protocol are also reported. Twelve postnatal littermate male kittens were administered acyline in a dose of 2.2 mg/100 g SC weekly for 2 weeks (ACY; n = 6), or placebo (PL; n = 6). All the animals were followed up until puberty when they were castrated. Serial faecal samples were collected until the age of 10 weeks for testosterone (T) measurement. The kittens achieved puberty without either age (236.5 ± 19.7 vs. 221.7 ± 23.7 days) or body weight (3.05 ± 0.15 vs. 2.78 ± 0.28 kg, P > 0.05) differences between ACY and PL, respectively. Acyline suppressed faecal T concentrations for 3 weeks (P < 0.01). From the fourth week on, both groups had low concentrations up to the end of the follow-up period (P > 0.05). Histological assessment of the testes showed that ACY cats presented a reduced height of the epithelium (P < 0.01) due to the diminished number of germinal cells accompanied by an enlarged luminal area (P < 0.01) with cellular debris (P < 0.01). The immunostaining of P450c17 also appeared partially diminished in ACY testes.

scholarly journals Placental thickness: an important parameter in determining gestational age and fetal growth during ANC scan

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4619
Author(s):  
Dipali Kadam ◽  
Saurabh Patil ◽  
Meenal Jain
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Antenatal Sonography ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: Gestational Age (GA) is one of the most imperative parameters required for proper management in pregnancy. Routinely GA is estimated by sonography utilising Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Femur Length (FL), Abdominal Circumference (AC) and Head Circumference (HC). In any case, these parameters have some limitations. Hence, there is need to find other parameters that may complement the established fetal biometric parameters in predicting GA. The objective of the present study was to assess placental thickness in second and third trimester pregnancies and its relationship with fetal gestational age and its role in detecting LBW and IUGRMethods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out in three hundred pregnant women between 13 to 40 weeks of gestation, who came for routine antenatal sonography. Placental thickness was measured along with routine parameters. Placental thickness was measured at the level of umbilical cord insertion by two-dimensional ultrasonography.Results: Correlation between the GA by LMP and Placental thickness by ultrasound was done by using Karl Pearson's Correlation(r). The values were expressed as mean + standard deviation. Correlation between placental thickness and gestational age was statistically significant as p value is <0.01. Placental thickness measured in millimetres increases with gestational age in second and third trimester.Conclusions: The correlation between the placental thickness and gestational age was linear and direct. Therefore, Placental thickness is used as a predictor for estimation of gestational age of the fetus in cases where LMP is not known and in detecting developing IUGR and low birth weight.

scholarly journals Platynosomum fastosum (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) infection in a domestic cat in northeastern Brazil: high fluke burden and associated lesions Infecção por Platynosomum fastosum (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) em gato doméstico no nordeste do Brasil: alta carga parasitária e lesões associadasdoi:10.12662/2317-3076jhbs.v4i3.775.p198-202.2016

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 198
Author(s):  
Roberta Da Rocha Braga ◽  
Djan Zanchi ◽  
John Allyson Andrade Oliveira ◽  
André Costa Teixeira ◽  
Luciano Pamplona de Góes Cavalcanti
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Cystic Duct ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Precursor Lesions ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Prevalence Survey ◽  
Associated Lesions ◽  
Biliary Ducts

Introduction: Platynosomum fastosum is a dicrocoeliid fluke that infects birds and mammals, especially wild and domestic cats. Case report: A middle-aged male domestic cat was euthanized and examined. Its clinical features had included apathy, emaciation, hepatomegaly and mild jaundice on the mucosae. At necropsy, we noticed enlarged liver and dilated gallbladder. After opening the gallbladder lengthwise, multiple whitish flattened ellipsoidal structures were observed and identified as P. fastosum. The larger parasites were found in gallbladder, with significant different size from cystic duct and intrahepatic biliary ducts (p<0.05). Histopathological analysis revealed fluke-induced suppurative cholecystitis and chronic cholangitis. Precursor lesions of cholangiocarcinoma were reported. Conclusion: This report was part of the first prevalence survey of P.fastosum in municipality of Maracanaú, state of Ceará, northeastern Brazil.

scholarly journals A Molecular Survey on Neglected Gurltia paralysans and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus Infections in Domestic Cats (Felis catus) from Southern Chile

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1195
Author(s):  
Natasha Barrios ◽  
Marcelo Gómez ◽  
Macarena Zanelli ◽  
Lisbeth Rojas-Barón ◽  
Paulina Sepúlveda-García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Aelurostrongylus Abstrusus ◽  
Factors Associated

Gurltia paralysans and Aelurostrongylus abstrusus are neglected metastrongyloid nematode species which infect domestic and wild cats in South American countries and in Chile, but no epidemiological studies on concomitant infections have been conducted in Chile so far. The aim of this study was not only to evaluate the occurrence of concomitant infections, but also to identify epidemiological risk factors associated with of G. paralysans and A. abstrusus infections in urban domestic cats (Felis catus) from Southern Chile. Blood samples from clinically healthy domestic cats from three cities of Southern Chile—Temuco, Valdivia, and Puerto Montt—were analyzed by an experimental semi-nested PCR protocol. A total of 171 apparently healthy domestic cats in Temuco (n = 68), Valdivia (n = 50), and Puerto Montt (n = 53) were sampled and analyzed. A total of 93 domestic cats (54.4%) were positive for G. paralysans, and 34 (19.9%) were positive for A. abstrusus infections. From those animals, 34 (19.9%) were co-infected. Cats positive with G. paralysans were found in all three cities; 47.2% in Puerto Montt, 48% in Valdivia, and 64.7% in Temuco. Levels of infection for A. abstrusus in the population under study were 4% (Valdivia), 10% (Puerto Montt), and 32.4% (Temuco). The present large-scale epidemiological study confirmed the presence of these neglected nematodes in domestic cat populations in Southern Chile, and described the possible risk factors associated with feline gurltiosis and aelurostrongylosis.

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