QMC integration errors and quasi-asymptotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Ilya M. Sobol ◽  
Boris V. Shukhman

AbstractA crude Monte Carlo (MC) method allows to calculate integrals over a d-dimensional cube. As the number N of integration nodes becomes large, the rate of probable error of the MC method decreases as {O(1/\sqrt{N})}. The use of quasi-random points instead of random points in the MC algorithm converts it to the quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) method. The asymptotic error estimate of QMC integration of d-dimensional functions contains a multiplier {1/N}. However, the multiplier {(\ln N)^{d}} is also a part of the error estimate, which makes it virtually useless. We have proved that, in the general case, the QMC error estimate is not limited to the factor {1/N}. However, our numerical experiments show that using quasi-random points of Sobol sequences with {N=2^{m}} with natural m makes the integration error approximately proportional to {1/N}. In our numerical experiments, {d\leq 15}, and we used {N\leq 2^{40}} points generated by the SOBOLSEQ16384 code published in 2011. In this code, {d\leq 2^{14}} and {N\leq 2^{63}}.

1995 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 263-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
ILYA M. SOBOL’ ◽  
BORIS V. SHUKHMAN

Numerical experiments with two multivariable integrands and various quasirandom sequences are described. The integrands were introduced as models of Monte Carlo algorithms for particle tracking with or without statistical weights. Though analytically both integrands are very similar, the corresponding integration errors behave quite differently. From these experiments together with earlier ones (that are briefly summarized in the paper) several non-standard conclusions are drawn both on quasirandom sequences and on types of integrands.


1993 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Kleiss

We discuss quasi-random number sequences as a basis for numerical integration with potentially better convergence properties than standard Monte Carlo. The importance of the discrepancy as both a measure of smoothness of distribution and an ingredient in the error estimate is reviewed. It is argued that the classical Koksma-Hlawka inequality is not relevant for error estimates in realistic cases, and a new class of error estimates is presented, based on a generalization of the Woźniakowski lemma.


2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Takashi Goda

Abstract The notion of symmetrization, also known as Davenport’s reflection principle, is well known in the area of the discrepancy theory and quasi- Monte Carlo (QMC) integration. In this paper we consider applying a symmetrization technique to a certain class of QMC point sets called digital nets over ℤb. Although symmetrization has been recognized as a geometric technique in the multi-dimensional unit cube, we give another look at symmetrization as a geometric technique in a compact totally disconnected abelian group with dyadic arithmetic operations. Based on this observation we generalize the notion of symmetrization from base 2 to an arbitrary base b ∈ ℕ, b ≥ 2. Subsequently, we study the QMC integration error of symmetrized digital nets over ℤb in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space. The result can be applied to component-by-component construction or Korobov construction for finding good symmetrized (higher order) polynomial lattice rules which achieve high order convergence of the integration error for smooth integrands at the expense of an exponential growth of the number of points with the dimension. Moreover, we consider two-dimensional symmetrized Hammersley point sets in prime base b, and prove that the minimum Dick weight is large enough to achieve the best possible order of Lp discrepancy for all 1 ≤ p < ∞.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2328
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alzubaidi ◽  
Kazi N. Hasan ◽  
Lasantha Meegahapola ◽  
Mir Toufikur Rahman

This paper presents a comparative analysis of six sampling techniques to identify an efficient and accurate sampling technique to be applied to probabilistic voltage stability assessment in large-scale power systems. In this study, six different sampling techniques are investigated and compared to each other in terms of their accuracy and efficiency, including Monte Carlo (MC), three versions of Quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC), i.e., Sobol, Halton, and Latin Hypercube, Markov Chain MC (MCMC), and importance sampling (IS) technique, to evaluate their suitability for application with probabilistic voltage stability analysis in large-scale uncertain power systems. The coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean square error (RMSE) are calculated to measure the accuracy and the efficiency of the sampling techniques compared to each other. All the six sampling techniques provide more than 99% accuracy by producing a large number of wind speed random samples (8760 samples). In terms of efficiency, on the other hand, the three versions of QMC are the most efficient sampling techniques, providing more than 96% accuracy with only a small number of generated samples (150 samples) compared to other techniques.


Author(s):  
M. A. Maasar ◽  
N. A. M. Nordin ◽  
M. Anthonyrajah ◽  
W. M. W. Zainodin ◽  
A. M. Yamin

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