Tissue characterization with ballistic photons: counting scattering and/or absorption centres

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Corral ◽  
M. Strojnik ◽  
G. Paez
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuator ◽  
Tissue Characterization ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Phase Delay ◽  
New Method ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Transmission Attenuation ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Integrated Or ◽  
Ballistic Photons

AbstractWe describe a new method to separate ballistic from the scattered photons for optical tissue characterization. It is based on the hypothesis that the scattered photons acquire a phase delay. The photons passing through the sample without scattering or absorption preserve their coherence so they may participate in interference. We implement a Mach−Zehnder experimental setup where the ballistic photons pass through the sample with the delay caused uniquely by the sample indices of refraction. We incorporate a movable mirror on the piezoelectric actuator in the sample arm to detect the amplitude of the modulation term. We present the theory that predicts the path−integrated (or total) concentration of the scattering and absorption centres. The proposed technique may characterize samples with transmission attenuation of ballistic photons by a factor of 10

scholarly journals A New Method to Detect Outliers in High-frequency Time Series

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ilaria Lucrezia Amerise ◽  
Agostino Tarsitano
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
New Method ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Data Preparation ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Nonparametric Procedure

The objective of this research is to develop a fast, simple method for detecting and replacing extreme spikes in high-frequency time series data. The method primarily consists  of a nonparametric procedure that pursues a balance between fidelity to observed data and smoothness. Furthermore, through examination of the absolute difference between original and smoothed values, the technique is also able to detect and, where necessary, replace outliers with less extreme data. Unlike other filtering procedures found in the literature, our method does not require a model to be specified for the data. Additionally, the filter makes only a single pass through the time series. Experiments  show that the new method can be validly used as a data preparation tool to ensure that time series modeling is supported by clean data, particularly in a complex context such as one with high-frequency data.

The Study on the Linking-Up of Free-Form Surface Fiber Placement Track Based on Mesh Creating

2008 ◽  
Vol 392-394 ◽  
pp. 682-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhong Xi Shao ◽  
Hong Ya Fu ◽  
De Cai Li
Keyword(s):  
Projective Plane ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
New Method ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Parallel Projection ◽  
Reference Vector ◽  
Fiber Placement ◽  
Vertex Point ◽  
Free Form Surface ◽  
Pass Through

When using meshing creating method of FP (fiber placement) track, once the track point falls at some vertex point of mesh element, in the meantime the vertex point happens to be shared by several mesh elements, there needs a reasonable calculation method to select next mesh element which the FP track will pass through. Then it comes to the problem on linking of FP tracks. In order to solve it, in this paper, the author puts forward a new method, in which parallel projection theory is used, project need analytical mesh element and FP reference vector to a sound projective plane, on which the mesh element be selected and the FP track be calculated, then the FP track would be projected back to the placement surface. Program using this method realized a reasonable joint at the shared vertex point of meshing elements, which the FP direction has little change, and the mutation of track doesn’t come forth. So, the correctness of the method, which putted forward in this paper, is proved.

Self-Propulsion of a Capsule on a Viscous Surface

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark McLellan ◽  
Mingxuan Fan ◽  
Z. C. Feng
Keyword(s):  
Piezoelectric Actuator ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Shear Thickening ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
The Self ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Interfacial Force

We propose a mechanical model for a capsule containing a piezoelectric actuator. The interfacial interaction between the capsule and a surface is assumed to be viscous. Nonlinearity in the interfacial force such as shear thickening is assumed to be present. When periodic excitations are applied to the piezoelectric actuator, the capsule is shown to propel itself. The self-propulsion is confirmed through an experimental setup.

Intelligent Traffic Control at Intersection Based upon Real-Time Vehicle Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 313-314 ◽  
pp. 343-346
Author(s):  
Guo Zhong Yao
Keyword(s):  
Information Transmission ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
New Method ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Traffic Condition ◽  
Traffic Lights ◽  
Ism Band ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
Real Traffic

A new method of traffic control based upon real-time number of the vehicles at the intersection was pulled forward. Serial vehicle detectors were used to detect the number of the vehicle waiting to pass through the intersection. One or more control boxes were used to control the traffic lights according to real traffic condition and transreceived data between itself and the detectors. The information transmission between the detectors and the controllers is based upon 2.4G ISM band. Arithmetic on the system operation, which took the pedestrians and the situation of excessive vehicles into account, is introduced.

The Study of Holonic Control Strategy in Modern Automobile

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 2258-2261
Author(s):  
Qiong Hong Lei
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
New Method ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Coordination Strategy ◽  
Integrated Or

The popularity of modern automobiles requires better using performances of them, even better security and environmental protection. So, there are some electrically controlled equipment used in a modern automobile. Since this, it is urgently necessary to develop an integrated or synthetical control strategy in automobiles by using new technologies and advanced algorithms. In this paper, a new method based on the holon conception is presented to study the synthetical control in automobiles [1-3]. The control system is divided into three levels and is defined as three holons, and the function of every holon level is discussed. The coordinated model is established to study the coordination strategy among different holon levels, which will help to improve the synthetical control efficiency, security, stability and environmental protection and etc. of modern automobiles [4-5].

scholarly journals Extraction of 10–30-Day Stable Components from a Boreal Atmosphere during ENSO Phases

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo Wang ◽  
Guolin Feng ◽  
Yuxing Zeng ◽  
Zhengquan Li
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Atmospheric Science ◽  
New Method ◽  
Transmission Attenuation ◽  
Atmospheric Motion ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Enso Phases ◽  
Actual Atmosphere

Distinguishing the predictable 10–30-day stable components (STs) in the actual atmosphere has been important in atmospheric science research. In this study, a new method for extracting 10–30-day STs was developed with the use of historical observations. We extracted and analyzed 10–30-day STs via statistical extrapolation tests. The results show that the STs are maintained uniformly at the intraseasonal time scale; the overall trends in the atmospheric motion are revealed. Comparisons between pentad-by-pentad changes in the explained variances of the 10–30-day STs under ENSO phases show that the explained variance transmission attenuation trends for El Niño and La Niña years are weaker and more continuous than those of neutral years. Data for 10–30-day STs can remain continuous and stable from one month to the next. The proposed method and results present a new means of extracting predictable STs from the atmosphere using historical data.

New method and experimental setup for visual positioning of nanocontacts

2008 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1362-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Tegaev ◽  
Kh. B. Khokonov ◽  
B. S. Karamurzov ◽  
S. V. Trunov ◽  
A. G. Magomedov
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Visual Positioning

STEP CURRENT ELECTRODEPOSITION OF NANOCRYSTALLINE Ni80Fe20/Cu COMPOSITE WIRES

2005 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. P. LI ◽  
Z. J. ZHAO ◽  
H. L. SEET ◽  
P. L. LIM ◽  
K. S. LEE
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
New Method ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Composite Wires

A new method called Step Current Electrodeposition (SCE) is proposed for the nanocrystalline deposition of high uniformity large coating thickness of Ni80Fe20/Cu composite wires. The hysteresis loops of the composite wires, developed by SCE and conventional plating, were measured using an inductance method and a magneto-impedance (MI) experimental setup, and the magnetic properties of the composite wires in terms of the hysteresis loops and the magneto-impedance effect were measured. The results showed that the experimental results obtained, which was in the trend of increasing GMI with increasing coating thickness till an optimum, agree well with the simulated results as found in the literature.1

scholarly journals A New Method of Area under the Absorbance-Wavelength Curve for Rats Total Metabolomic Pharmacokinetics from Yangxue Injection with Multicomponents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Zhang ◽  
Xiaojin Xiao ◽  
Zhenzhen Yang ◽  
Mengli Jiang ◽  
Xiaodong Li
Keyword(s):  
Total Concentration ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
New Method ◽  
Metabolomic Profile ◽  
Sodium Ferulate ◽  
Sodium Tanshinone Iia Sulfonate

To bridge the convergence between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern medicine originated from the West, a new method of area under the absorbance-wavelength curve (AUAWC) by spectrophotometer scanning was investigated and compared with HPLC method to explore metabolomic pharmacokinetics in rats. AUAWC and drug total concentration were obtained after Yangxue was injected to rats. Meanwhile, individual concentrations of sodium ferulate, tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride, tanshinol sodium, and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate in plasma were determined by HPLC. Metabolomic profile of multicomponents plasma concentration time from AUAWC and that of individual components from HPLC were compared. The data from AUAWC had one-compartment model with mean area under concentration versus time (AUC) of 9370.58 min·μg/mL and mean elimination half-life (t1/2) of 12.92 min. The results by HPLC demonstrated that sodium ferulate and tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride had one-compartment model with AUC of 6075.50 and 876.94 min·μg/mL,t1/2of 10.85 and 20.57 min, respectively. Tanshinol sodium and sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate showed two-compartment model, and AUC was 29.58 and 201.46 witht1/2βof 1.76 and 16.90, respectively. The profiles indicated that method of AUAWC can be used to study pharmacokinetics of TCM with multicomponents and to improve its development of active theory and application in clinic combined with in vivo metabolomic profile of HPLC.

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