scholarly journals Portable XRF: A Tool for the Study of Corundum Gems

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Germana Barone ◽  
Paolo Mazzoleni ◽  
Danilo Bersani ◽  
Simona Raneri
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Portable Xrf ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Heritage Studies ◽  
Origin Determination ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Xrf Spectroscopy ◽  
Destructive Methods

AbstractOrigin of gemstones is a key aspect not only in gemological field but also in Cultural Heritage studies, for the correct evaluation of precious artifacts. The studies on gems require the application of non-invasive and non-destructive methods; among them, portable spectroscopic techniques has been demonstrated as powerful tools, providing a fingerprint of gems for origin and provenance determination. In this study, portable XRF spectroscopy has been applied to test the potential of the technique for the origin determination of corundum gems. The obtained results allowed distinguishing natural and synthetic rubies and sapphires.

Selected Non-Destructive Methods Suitable for Evaluation of Roofing Slate

2014 ◽  
Vol 923 ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Vavro ◽  
Kamil Souček ◽  
Tomáš Daněk ◽  
Lubomír Staš
Keyword(s):  
Natural Material ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Reliable Determination ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods

Roofing slate is a traditional natural material for roofing and other construction applications in various types of buildings. The paper deals with both traditional methods of mineralogical-petrographic analysis as well as completely new methods (X-ray CT) rendering fast and reliable determination of qualitative parameters and potential slate durability in building constructions. A mutual combination of the methods represents a rapid, effective and modern alternative to lengthy laboratory tests to determine physical-mechanical properties of newly used roofing, especially in historical buildings.

scholarly journals Non-Invasive Monitoring of Ethanol and Methanol Levels in Grape-Derived Pisco Distillate by Vibrational Spectroscopy

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6278
Author(s):  
Ahmed Menevseoglu ◽  
Didem P. Aykas ◽  
Beatriz Hatta-Sakoda ◽  
Victor Hugo Toledo-Herrera ◽  
Luis E. Rodriguez-Saona
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Calibration Models ◽  
Excitation Laser ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Online Stores ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

Handheld Raman and portable FT-IR spectroscopy devices were evaluated for fast and non-invasive determination of methanol and ethanol levels in Peruvian Pisco. Commercial Peruvian Pisco (n = 171) samples were kindly provided by the UNALM Alliance for Research in Alcohol and its Derivatives (Lima, Peru) and supplemented by purchases at grocery and online stores. Pisco spectra were collected on handheld Raman spectrometers equipped with either a 1064 nm or a 785 nm excitation laser and a portable infrared unit operating in transmission mode. The alcohol levels were determined by GC–MS. Calibration models used partial least-squares regression (PLSR) to develop prediction algorithms. GC–MS data revealed that 10% of Pisco samples had ethanol levels lower than 38%, indicating possible water dilution. Methanol levels ranged from 10 to 130 mg/100 mL, well below the maximum levels allowed for fruit brandies. Handheld Raman equipped with a 1064 nm excitation laser gave the best results for determining ethanol (SEP = 1.2%; RPre = 0.95) and methanol (SEP = 1.8 mg/100 mL; RPre = 0.93). Randomly selected Pisco samples were spiked with methanol (75 to 2800 mg/100 mL), and their Raman spectra were collected through their genuine commercial bottles. The prediction models gave an excellent performance (SEP = 98 mg/100 mL; RPre = 0.97), allowing for the non-destructive and non-contact determination of methanol and ethanol concentrations without opening the bottles.

scholarly journals Diagnóstico del estado de deterioro de un techo tipo reticular de concreto armado mediante técnicas no destructivas y semi-destructivas

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Rolando Martínez-Barrita ◽  
Herwing López-Calvo ◽  
Heidy Gómez-Barranco ◽  
Alberto Muciño-Vélez
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Reinforcing Steel ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Historic Center ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Electrochemical Testing ◽  
Hollow Block ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Corrosion State

In the present article, an investigation carried out to diagnose the state of deterioration of a reticular type slab, located in the Historic Center of Oaxaca city Mexico, using non-destructive (TND) and semi-destructive (TSD) techniques, is described. The roof was built with an unconventional structural system, which consisted of the use of reticular beams, missing hollow block cases and a compression slab. During the visual inspection, various signs of deterioration in the structure were observed, such as: leaks, salt leaching, shedding of the rebar cover and corrosion of the reinforcing steel. Accordingly, the TND and TSD selected to perform the diagnosis of the state of deterioration of the structure were the following: estimation of the compressive strength (f´c), by means of sclerometry test and compression test in concrete cores, determination of the effects of salts leaching on the pH of the concrete, estimation of the amount and location of the reinforcing steel with a digital pacometer and estimation of the corrosion state in selected rebars by electrochemical testing. The results obtained revealed the feasibility of using NDT and SDT to reliably diagnose the state of deterioration of a reticular slab of reinforced concrete in a non-invasive manner.

scholarly journals Raman Spectroscopy Enables Non-Invasive Identification of Mycotoxins p. Fusarium of Winter Wheat Seeds

Photonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 587
Author(s):  
Maksim N. Moskovskiy ◽  
Aleksey V. Sibirev ◽  
Anatoly A. Gulyaev ◽  
Stanislav A. Gerasimenko ◽  
Sergey I. Borzenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Visual Identification ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Spectroscopic Signatures ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Identification of specific mycotoxins p. Fusarium contained in infected winter wheat seeds can be achieved by visually recognizing their distinctive phenotypic species. The visual identification (ID) of species is subjective and usually requires significant taxonomic knowledge. Methods for the determination of various types of mycotoxins of the p. Fusarium are laborious and require the use of chemical invasive research methods. In this research, we investigate the possibility of using Raman spectroscopy (RS) as a tag-free, non-invasive and non-destructive analytical method for the rapid and accurate identification of p. Fusarium. Varieties of the r. Fusarium can produce mycotoxins that directly affect the DNA, RNA and chemical structure of infected seeds. Analysis of spectra by RS methods and chemometric analysis allows the identification of healthy, infected and contaminated seeds of winter wheat with varieties of mycotoxins p. Fusarium. Raman seed analysis provides accurate identification of p. Fusarium in 96% of samples. In addition, we present data on the identification of carbohydrates, proteins, fiber and other nutrients contaminated with p. Fusarium seeds obtained using spectroscopic signatures. These results demonstrate that RS enables rapid, accurate and non-invasive screening of seed phytosanitary status.

Non-destructive Raman Spectroscopic Determination of Freshwater Mollusk Composition, Growth, and Damage Repair

The Analyst ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Sarabia ◽  
Bhavya Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Aquatic Habitat ◽  
Spectroscopic Determination ◽  
Raman Spectroscopic ◽  
Freshwater Mollusk ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods

Increased acidification of aquatic habitat due to climate change is damaging mollusks. Non-destructive methods for analysis are necessary to study these endangered species. We analyzed five Unionidae gastropods using Raman...

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