Role of Interferon-Gamma (Ifn-γ) in Immune Response Regulation in Hiv-1 and Hiv-1 + Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (Tb) Infected Patients / Interferona-gamma (Ifn-γ) Loma Imūnās Atbildes Regulēšanā Pacientiem Ar HIV-1 un HIV-1 + mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Abstract The aim of this research was to investigate the role of IFN-γ in interaction between IL-10, IL-18, IL-1b, CD4 cell counts and HIV-1 RNA viral load in the development of HIV-1 in patients co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB). The study was conducted by Rīga East Clinical University Hospital with data from the HIV-1 register, in collaboration with the RSU Joint Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Immunogenetics. 200 HIV-1 infected patients and 184 HIV-1 with TB co-infection patients divided in four groups were included in the study. IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-18, IL-1b levels were measured in serum with commercially enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA Vector-Best Corporation, Novosibirsk, Russia). CD4 cell counts were measured by flow Partec IVD cytometry (USA). HIV-1 RNA quantification was performed using the COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS Taqman HIV-1 Test (Germany). All groups were compared with each another. IFN-γ production was significantly lower, and IL-10 and CD4 cell counts were significantly higher, in HIV-1 patients without TB compared with the other groups. The group with HIV-1 and TB had significantly elevated IL-18 production. HIV patients with primary TB had significantly elevated IFN-γ production and HIV-1 RNA viral load and significantly lower IL-10 production.

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Characteristics allelic of Human Leukocyte Antigen class I genotype and association with viral load and CD4 cell count in HIV-1 infected patients, Hanoi 2014 – 2016

Tạp chí Y học Dự phòng ◽

10.51403/0868-2836/2021/335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Tran Thi Minh Tam ◽

Nguyen Thuy Linh ◽

Phan Ha My ◽

Nguyen Thi Lan Anh

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Human Leukocyte ◽

Hla Class I ◽

Class I ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Leukocyte Antigen ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class I plays a regulatory role in cellular immune response to HIV-1 infection. The role of HLA alleles in HIV progression via viral load and CD4 cell count is well known. HLA class I is polymorphic and distributed differently by nation. This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 303 HIV-1 infected patients in 2014 - 2016, with aims to (i) characterize HLA class I genotype with 4-digit nomenclature and (ii) identify specifc alleles in correlate with CD4 cell counts and HIV viral load. 117 allele genotypes have been identifed, including 28 HLA-A alleles, 54 HLA-B alleles and 35 HLA-C alleles. The results showed that the most prevalent alleles in the population include A*11:01 (30.7%), B*15:02 (15.2%) and C*08:01 (17.1%). The frequency of haplotype created from these alleles is 8.4%. A*02:03, B*46:01 related to gender and ethnicity respectively. In conclusion, the study provided detailed pattern of HLA class I expression in a study population of HIV-1 infected patients and reported for the frst time the associated B*51:01, C*14:02 alleles associated to an increase in CD4 cell counts.

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MicroRNA regulation and its effects on cellular transcriptome in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 (HIV-1) infected individuals with distinct viral load and CD4 cell counts

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-13-250 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Karolina Duskova ◽

Pruthvi Nagilla ◽

Hai-Son Le ◽

Priyadarshini Iyer ◽

Anbupalam Thalamuthu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Viral Load ◽

Microrna Regulation ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1 ◽

Cellular Transcriptome ◽

Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

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Viral load trend in HIV-1 seropositive patients with different CD4 cell counts before starting HAART

Journal of Clinical Virology ◽

10.1016/s1386-6532(00)00064-0 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 5-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M.C. Re ◽

E. Ramazzotti ◽

R. Manfredi ◽

G. Furlini ◽

M. Vignoli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

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Plasma Viral Load, CD4+ Cell Counts, and HIV-1 Production by Cells

Science ◽

10.1126/science.271.5249.670 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 271 (5249) ◽

pp. 670-670 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

J. A. Levy ◽

B. Ramachandran ◽

E. Barker ◽

J. Guthrie ◽

T. Elbeik; ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Plasma Viral Load ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

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Molecular Detection and Clinical Implications of HTLV-1 Infections among Antiretroviral Therapy-Naïve HIV-1-Infected Individuals in Abuja, Nigeria

Virology Research and Treatment ◽

10.4137/vrt.s35331 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. VRT.S35331 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Idris Abdullahi Nasir ◽

Abdurrahman Elfulaty Ahmad ◽

Anthony Uchenna Emeribe ◽

Muhammad Sagir Shehu ◽

Jessy Thomas Medugu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Real Time ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Cd4 Counts ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Cd4 Cell Counts ◽

Special Clinic ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

Background Individuals with human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type-1 (HTLV-1)/HIV-1 coinfection have been demonstrated to undergo CD4+ lymphocytosis even in the face of immunodeficiency and increased vulnerability to opportunistic pathogens that can lead to poor prognosis. Objective This study investigated the prevalence as well as the effects of HIV-1/HTLV-1 coinfection on CD4+ cell counts, routine hematology, and biochemical parameters of study participants. Materials and Methods This prospective cross-sectional study involved 184 blood samples collected from HIV-1-seropositive individuals attending HIV-special clinic of the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada, Nigeria. These samples were analyzed for anti-HTLV-1/2 IgM antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, CD4+ cell counts, and some routine hematological and biochemical parameters. All samples were also tested for HTLV-1 provirus DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Results Of the 184 subjects studied, 9 (4.9%) were anti-HTLV-1/2 IgM seropositive; however, upon real-time PCR testing, 12 (6.5%) had detectable HTLV-1 provirus DNA. The CD4+ cell count was significantly high in HTLV-1-positive (742 ± 40.2) subjects compared to their HTLV-1-negative (380 ± 28.5) counterpart ( P-value = 0.025). However, there was no significant association between HTLV-1 positivity with other hematology and biochemical parameters studied ( P > 0.05). Conclusion All subjects (100%) who were HTLV-1/HIV-1-coinfected had normal CD4+ counts. This gives contrasting finding on the true extent of immunodeficiency of subjects. So it is suggested to be very careful in using only CD4+ counts to monitor disease progression and as indicators for antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. In such conditions, there may be a need to test for HTLV-1 alongside HIV viral loads in order to begin appropriate ART regimens that contain both pathogens.

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