scholarly journals Remember they were emotional - Effects of emotional qualifiers during sentence processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-131
Author(s):  
Scarlett Child ◽  
Alan Garnham ◽  
Jane Oakhill
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Emotional Effects

AbstractWe investigated whether emotional information facilitates retrieval and whether it makes representations more salient during sentence processing. Participants were presented with sentences including entities (nouns) that were either bare, with no additional information or that were emotionally or neutrally qualified by means of adjectives. Reading times in different word regions, specifically at the region following the verb where retrieval processes are measurable, were analysed. Qualified representations needed longer time to be build up than bare representations. Also, it was found that the amount of information and the type of information affect sentences processing and more specifically retrieval. In particular, retrieval for emotionally specified representations was faster than that for bare representations.

scholarly journals Computational Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shravan Vasishth ◽  
Bruno Nicenboim ◽  
Felix Engelmann ◽  
Frank Burchert
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Retrieval Processes

scholarly journals The effect of prominence and cue association on retrieval processes: A computational account

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Engelmann ◽  
Lena A. Jäger ◽  
Shravan Vasishth
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Retrieval Interference ◽  
Partial Success

We present a comprehensive empirical evaluation of the ACT-R-based model of sentence processing developed by Lewis & Vasishth (2005) (LV05). The predictions of the model are compared with the results of a recent meta-analysis of published reading studies on retrieval interference in reflexive-/reciprocal-antecedent and subject-verb dependencies (Jäger, Engelmann, & Vasishth, 2017). The comparison shows that the model has only partial success in explaining the data; and we propose that its prediction space is restricted by oversimplifying assumptions. We then implement a revised model that takes into account differences between individual experimental designs in terms of the prominence of the target and the distractor in memory and context-dependent cue-feature associations. The predictions of the original and the revised model are quantitatively compared with the results of the meta-analysis. Our simulations show that, compared to the original LV05 model, the revised model accounts for the data better. The results suggest that effects of prominence and variable cue-feature associations need to be considered in the interpretation of existing empirical results and in the design and planning of future experiments. With regard to retrieval interference in sentence processing and to the broader field of psycholinguistic studies, we conclude that well-specified models in tandem with high-powered experiments are needed in order to uncover the underlying cognitive processes.

scholarly journals A retrieved context model of the emotional modulation of memory

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Talmi ◽  
Lynn J. Lohnas ◽  
Nathaniel D. Daw
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Temporal Context ◽  
Composition Effect ◽  
Context Model ◽  
Emotional Modulation ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Context Models ◽  
Evolutionary Fitness

AbstractEmotion enhances episodic memory, an effect thought to be an adaptation to prioritise the memories that best serve evolutionary fitness. But viewing this effect largely in terms of prioritising what to encode or consolidate neglects broader rational considerations about what sorts of associations should be formed at encoding, and which should be retrieved later. Although neurobiological investigations have provided many mechanistic clues about how emotional arousal modulates item memory, these effects have not been wholly integrated with the cognitive and computational neuroscience of memory more generally.Here we apply the Context Maintenance and Retrieval Model (CMR, Polyn, Norman & Kahana, 2009) to this problem by extending it to describe the way people may represent and process emotional information. A number of ways to operationalise the effect of emotion were tested. The winning emotional CMR (eCMR) model reconceptualises emotional memory effects as arising from the modulation of a process by which memories become bound to ever-changing temporal and emotional contexts. eCMR provides a good qualitative fit for the emotional list-composition effect and the emotional oddball effect, illuminating how these effects are jointly determined by the interplay of encoding and retrieval processes. eCMR explains the increased advantage of emotional memories in delayed memory tests through the limited ability of retrieval to reinstate the temporal context of encoding.By leveraging the rich tradition of temporal context models, eCMR helps integrate existing effects of emotion and provides a powerful tool to test mechanisms by which emotion affects memory in a broad range of paradigms.

Implicit need for affiliation and processing of emotional images: Event-related potential correlates

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-280
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Wang ◽  
Yan Wu ◽  
Lushi Jing
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Need For Affiliation ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Negative Images ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Emotional Information Processing

Implicit motives play an important role in the regulation of many basic cognitive processes, particularly in the stage of attention. We conducted a study with a sample of 58 college students to examine selective attention to emotional stimuli as a function of individual differences in the implicit need for affiliation (nAff). In an affective oddball paradigm, event-related potentials were recorded while participants viewed positive, neutral, and negative images of people. Results showed that individuals high in nAff elicited larger late positive potential amplitudes to negative images than those low in nAff did. These findings replicate and extend the results of a previous study focused on these relationships and provide additional information on the neural correlates of affiliation-related emotional information processing.

On the role of discourse-level information in second-language sentence processing

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELSI KAISER
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
L2 Processing ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Shallow Structure Hypothesis ◽  
Level Information ◽  
L1 And L2 ◽  
Shallow Structure

Based on a detailed review of existing studies of high-proficiency second-language (L2) learners who acquired the L2 in adolescence/adulthood, Cunnings (Cunnings, 2016) argues that Sorace's (2011) Interface Hypothesis (IH) and Clahsen and Felser's (2006) Shallow Structure Hypothesis (SSH) do not explain the existing data as well as his memory-based approach which posits that memory-retrieval processes in the L1 and L2 do not pattern alike. Cunnings proposes that L1 and L2 processing differ in terms of comprehenders’ ability to retrieve from memory information constructed during sentence processing. He concludes that L2 processing is more susceptible to interference effects during retrieval, and, most relevantly for this commentary, that discourse-based cues to memory retrieval are more heavily weighted in L2 than L1 processing.

scholarly journals A Computational Evaluation of Two Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing in Aphasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Lissón ◽  
Dorothea Pregla ◽  
Bruno Nicenboim ◽  
Dario Paape ◽  
Mick L. het Nederend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Computational Evaluation ◽  
Retrieval Processes

scholarly journals Computational models of retrieval processes in sentence processing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shravan Vasishth ◽  
Bruno Nicenboim ◽  
Felix Engelmann ◽  
Frank Burchert
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Sentence Comprehension ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Benchmark Data ◽  
Retrieval Processes ◽  
Empirical Coverage ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Retrieval From Memory

Sentence comprehension requires that the comprehender work out who did what to whom. This process has been characterized as retrieval from memory. This review summarizes the quantitative predictions and empirical coverage of the two existing computational models of retrieval, and shows how the predictive performance of these two competing models can be tested against a benchmark data-set. We also show how computational modeling can help us better understand sources of variability in both unimpaired and impaired sentence comprehension.

scholarly journals Computational Models of Retrieval Processes in Sentence Processing

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 968-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shravan Vasishth ◽  
Bruno Nicenboim ◽  
Felix Engelmann ◽  
Frank Burchert
Keyword(s):  
Sentence Processing ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Retrieval Processes

scholarly journals Old Ryazan: New Studies and Discoveries

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-123
Author(s):  
Aleksey Chernecov ◽  
Igor' Strikalov
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Ancient History ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
History Of

The paper is dedicated to field studies of the Old Ryazan conducted in 2015–2019 and the discoveries made. The authors have obtained considerable amount of information on defence structures, manors and housing complexes, as well as urban cemeteries. Additional information on the history of the monument (stratification related to the pre-Slavic population) was revealed. As for investigation into the ancient history of the monument, paleosol study was used as the method.

Telescopic Ads on Interactive Digital Television

2011 ◽  
pp. 3734-3738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verolien Cauberghe ◽  
Patrick De Pelsmacker
Keyword(s):  
Product Information ◽  
Digital Television ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Interactive Digital Television ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Additional Product

behaviour, it also offers new advertising opportunities (Cauberghe & De Pelsmacker, 2006). One of them is the telescopic advertisement. This format consists of a “30-second TV ad with a call-to-action button with clickable content or micro sites featuring individual still screens providing additional product information” (Bellman & Varan, 2004, p. 2). When the viewer clicks on the call-to-action button, he or she leaves the linear broadcast stream to enter a dedicated advertising location (DAL). There, the viewer can navigate through the additional information, which can be structured in different layers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of two aspects of the complexity of a telescopic ad by experimentally manipulating the amount of information and the level of interactivity in the DAL. Additionally, the role of time spent in the DAL is explored.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document