Research advances on process systems integration and process safety in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-185
Author(s):  
Siyu Yang ◽  
Xiao Feng ◽  
Linlin Liu ◽  
Zhanpeng Zhang ◽  
Chun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Integration ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Water System ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Process Synthesis ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Process Systems

Abstract Process systems engineering research focuses on the planning, design, operation, and safety of process systems rather than unit operations. In response to the rapid growth of the chemical process industry in the last 20 years in China, advanced system integration and process safety technologies are investigated and applied for better resource utilization, less environmental impact, and safer working places. In this regard, the review in this article consists of four main achievements: (1) process synthesis, (2) energy system integration, (3) water system integration, and (4) process safety management. The purpose of process synthesis and integration is to improve resource and energy utilization, at the same time lowering by-products and emissions. Optimization is conducted on process structure and operation, following the principles of resource coupling and energy cascade utilization. Typical examples are coupling of coal and hydrogen-rich resources and integration of coal-based polygeneration process of chemicals, electricity, and heat. Energy integration implements the coordinated optimization of total site energy systems. Reviews are made on specific methodologies based on the thermodynamics and applications of design and retrofit in ethylene, oil refining, and synthetic ammonia industries. There are energy savings by 10%–20% and yields increasing by 20%–30%. In addition, waste heat recovery and cold energy utilization are also important research areas. Reviews on the progress of water system integration and its industrial applications are also conducted. It includes the direct reuse, regeneration, and reuse/recycle in water systems and systems with internal water mains. Finally, safety management and technologies are also indispensable technological advancements of the process. The legislation system and the work safety-related standard system have been gradually established and enforced. Process safety research progress is reviewed, and questions are proposed for improving the accident prevention and safety management agenda.

Application and research progress of phase change materials in biomedical field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunlin Ma ◽  
Xuelai Zhang ◽  
Jun Ji ◽  
Lu Han ◽  
Xingjiang Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Solar Energy Utilization ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Industrial Waste Heat

Phase change materials (PCMs) are widely used in solar energy utilization, industrial waste heat recovery and building temperature regulation. However, there are few studies on the application of PCMs in...

Integrating Performance Indicator Into the Audit Process Safety Management System

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
C. R. Che Hassan ◽  
M. J. Pitt ◽  
A. J. Wilday
Keyword(s):  
Performance Indicators ◽  
Management System ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Process Safety ◽  
Audit Process ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
Audit System ◽  
Similar Elements

The development of the audit method has included the identification of possible performance indicators at each level of the sociotechnical pyramid for a range of areas of work in which accidents have been shown to occur most frequently. The measurementof performance indicators is part of a feedback loop which causes safety improvements. Integration of performance indicators into the audit system has been tested at three operating chemical industries in Terengganu and Selangor in Malaysia. A summary of the weaknesses of the similar elements identified in the three audited plants is presented. Analysis on the approach used enables the identification of deficiencies in safety management aspects. Keywords: Accidents, audit, deficiencies, performance indicators, safety management, and sociotechnical pyramid.

Evaluation of Energy Efficiency for a CCHP System With Available Microturbine

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. X. Liang ◽  
Q. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Energetic Efficiency ◽  
Efficiency Evaluation

This paper deals with the problem of energy utilization efficiency evaluation of a microturbine system for Combined Cooling, Heating and Power production (CCHP). The CCHP system integrates power generation, cooling and heating, which is a type of total energy system on the basis of energy cascade utilization principle, and has a large potential of energy saving and economical efficiency. A typical CCHP system has several options to fulfill energy requirements of its application, the electrical energy can be produced by a gas turbine, the heat can be generated by the waste heat of a gas turbine, and the cooling load can be satisfied by an absorption chiller driven by the waste heat of a gas turbine. The energy problem of the CCHP system is so large and complex that the existing engineering cannot provide satisfactory solutions. The decisive values for energetic efficiency evaluation of such systems are the primary energy generation cost. In this paper, in order to reveal internal essence of CCHP, we have analyzed typical CCHP systems and compared them with individual systems. The optimal operation of this system is dependent upon load conditions to be satisfied. The results indicate that CCHP brings 38.7 percent decrease in energy consumption comparing with the individual systems. A CCHP system saves fuel resources and has the assurance of economic benefits. Moreover, two basic CCHP models are presented for determining the optimum energy combination for the CCHP system with 100kW microturbine, and the more practical performances of various units are introduced, then Primary Energy Ratio (PER) and exergy efficiency (α) of various types and sizes systems are analyzed. Through exergy comparison performed for two kinds of CCHP systems, we have identified the essential principle for high performance of the CCHP system, and consequently pointed out the promising features for further development.

scholarly journals Waste heat energy utilization in refrigeration and air-conditioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 402 ◽  
pp. 012060
Author(s):  
Raman Kumar Singh ◽  
Saif Nawaz Ahmad ◽  
Neeraj Priyadarshi ◽  
Md Obaidur Rahman ◽  
A K Bhoi
Keyword(s):  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization

scholarly journals A Mini Review on Bismuth-Based Z-Scheme Photocatalysts

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 5057
Author(s):  
Ruizhen Li ◽  
Hanyang Chen ◽  
Jianrong Xiong ◽  
Xiaoying Xu ◽  
Jiajia Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Pollutants Removal ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
Redox Ability

Recently, the bismuth-based (Bi-based) Z-scheme photocatalysts have been paid great attention due to their good solar energy utilization capacity, the high separation rate of their photogenerated hole-electron pairs, and strong redox ability. They are considerably more promising materials than single semiconductors for alleviating the energy crisis and environmental deterioration by efficiently utilizing sunlight to motivate various photocatalytic reactions for energy production and pollutant removal. In this review, the traits and recent research progress of Bi-based semiconductors and recent achievements in the synthesis methods of Bi-based direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are explored. The recent photocatalytic applications development of Bi-based Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts in environmental pollutants removal and detection, water splitting, CO2 reduction, and air (NOx) purification are also described concisely. The challenges and future perspective in the studies of Bi-based Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts are discussed and summarized in the conclusion of this mini review.

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