The study of scroll wave dynamics in personalized models of the left ventricle of the human heart

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin S. Ushenin ◽  
Sergei F. Pravdin ◽  
Yuliya S. Alueva ◽  
Tatyana V. Chumarnaya ◽  
Olga E. Solovyova
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Wave Dynamics ◽  
Wave Drift ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
First Results ◽  
Scroll Wave

AbstractThis paper presents first results on the dynamics of filaments of scroll waves of myocardium excitation obtained for personalized models of the left ventricle of the human heart. The paper describes a mathematical model of the left ventricle of the human heart and its electrical activity, numerical methods for the model calculation within the framework of computer implementation, and also the method of personalization of the model according to data of ultrasound examination. We found that regardless of the starting point of wave the filaments of wave drift along a spiral to the attractor located near the apex of the ventricle. The attractor position was essentially different in models constructed from the data of patients without identified pathology and those for patients with an increased left ventricular cavity.

scholarly journals Semiotics of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in magnetic resonance Imaging

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
I. E. Obramenko
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Introduction. About 0.2 % of the adult population all over the world suffers from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Early and timely diagnosis of the apical form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy remains an urgent medical problem, since the disease has a wide variability of clinical manifestations and often occurs asymptomatic or with symptoms of other heart diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging is an informative method of radiation diagnosis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The aim is improving of radiology diagnostics in applying to the apical form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Materials and methods. 98 patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy aged 19 to 76 years were еxamined. There were 48 men and 50 women. All subjects were examined by a cardiologist, all patients underwent electrocardiography and echocardiography, 45 patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart. Results. In our study 13 patients had MRI determined the isolated form of apical form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 32 had combined one. 42.2% of the patients with symmetrical hypertrophy of all apical segments had sawtoothed configuration of the LV revealed by MRI. The symptom of left ventricular cavity obliteration was determined in 19 patients. The symptom of LV cavity sequestration was determined in 5 subjects. 5 patients had an aneurysm on the top of the left ventricle, 1 – on the top of the right ventricle. Signs of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction were visualized in 2 patients, intraventricular obstruction at the level of the middle segments of the left ventricle was determined in 5 cases. Akinesis and hypokinesis were detected in areas of fibrous changes (n=21) or in areas of cardiosclerosis (n=2). In 17.8 % of subjects identified non-compacted myocardium, in 3 cases it was combined with apical form of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. With contrast enhancement in 29 patients, foci (n=22) or zones (n=7) of pathological accumulation of contrast agent were determined, which indicated the replacement of myocardium with fibrous tissue.

scholarly journals Rare Case of Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva: Ruptured Into Left Ventricular Cavity

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-98
Author(s):  
SDM Taimur ◽  
SR Khan ◽  
MR Karim ◽  
MH Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Aortic Root ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Sinus Of Valsalva ◽  
Sinus Of Valsalva Aneurysm ◽  
Left Sinus Of Valsalva

Rupture sinus of Valsalva is a relatively rare condition. We report a rare case of ruptured left sinus of valsalva with aneurysm, presenting with acute left ventricular failure. Transthoracic echocardiography showed an aneurysmal dilatation of the base of interventricular septum and part of the aortic root and a marked turbulent flow from the aortic root to the left ventricle with a continuous systolodiastolic shunting. The patient underwent successful repair of ruptured sinus of valsulva with closure of fistula. During Ventriculotomy the defect was repaired using pledgeted 5/ 0 prolene interrupted sutures and pericardial patch. Key Words: Rupture sinus of valsalva; Aneurysm; Left ventricle DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v4i1.9398 Cardiovasc. J. 2011; 4(1): 96-98

Scroll wave with negative filament tension in a model of the left ventricle of the human heart and its overdrive pacing

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei F. Pravdin ◽  
Timofei I. Epanchintsev ◽  
Hans Dierckx ◽  
Alexander V. Panfilov
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Overdrive Pacing ◽  
Scroll Wave

scholarly journals Drift of Scroll Waves in a Mathematical Model of a Heterogeneous Human Heart Left Ventricle

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Sergey Pravdin ◽  
Pavel Konovalov ◽  
Hans Dierckx ◽  
Olga Solovyova ◽  
Alexander V. Panfilov
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Homogeneous Model ◽  
Heterogeneous Model ◽  
Wave Dynamics ◽  
Ventricular Cells ◽  
Large Heterogeneity ◽  
Scroll Wave ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Human Left Ventricle ◽  
Transmural Heterogeneity

Rotating spiral waves of electrical excitation underlie many dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. The heterogeneity of myocardium is one of the factors that affects the dynamics of such waves. In this paper, we present results of our simulations for scroll wave dynamics in a heterogeneous model of the human left ventricle with analytical anatomically based representation of the geometry and anisotropy. We used a set of 18 coupled differential equations developed by ten Tusscher and Panfilov (TP06 model) which describes human ventricular cells based on their measured biophysical properties. We found that apicobasal heterogeneity dramatically changes the scroll wave dynamics. In the homogeneous model, the scroll wave annihilates at the base, but the moderate heterogeneity causes the wave to move to the apex and then continuously rotates around it. The rotation speed increased with the degree of the heterogeneity. However, for large heterogeneity, we observed formation of additional wavebreaks and the onset of complex spatio-temporal patterns. Transmural heterogeneity did not change the dynamics and decreased the lifetime of the scroll wave with an increase in heterogeneity. Results of our numerical experiments show that the apex may be a preferable location of the scroll wave, which may be important for development of clinical interventions.

scholarly journals Parallel Simulation of Scroll Wave Dynamics in the Human Heart Using the FEniCS Framework

2016 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Timofei Epanchintsev ◽  
Sergei Pravdin ◽  
Andrey Sozykin ◽  
Vladimir Zverev
Keyword(s):  
Human Heart ◽  
Parallel Simulation ◽  
Wave Dynamics ◽  
Scroll Wave

scholarly journals The Successful Surgical Treatment of a Giant True Left Ventricular Aneurysm: a Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Y. B. Brand ◽  
M. K. Mazanov ◽  
E. N. Ostroumov ◽  
M. A. Sagirov ◽  
N. I. Kharitonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Left Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
Ventricular Aneurysm ◽  
Thrombosed Aneurysm

We report the successful surgical treatment of a giant true thrombosed aneurysm of the left ventricle.A 59-year-old male patient Z. was admitted with severe heart failure and chronic thrombosed aneurysm of the left ventricle, formed after acute extensive myocardial infarction, despite successful installation of a stent into the anterior descending artery in the acute period. Echocardiography revealed a significant increase in the volume of the left ventricular cavity, a significant decrease in the contractile function of the left ventricular myocardium (ejection fraction 32-36%), a giant left ventricular aneurysm (9x6 cm) with a parietal lining thrombus in the aneurysm cavity. Coronary angiography showed an aneurysmal dilatation of the circumflex branch of more than 6 mm, hemodynamically significant stenosis of two coronary arteries. According to the scintigraphy, the myocardium beyond the scar tissue was viable. The patient underwent resection of a left ventricular aneurysm, endoventricular plasty (Dor procedure), coronary artery bypass surgery of the circumflex artery and obtuse marginal branch of the left coronary artery.The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition on day 14 after surgery. At follow-up 6 months after surgery, an increase in the ejection fraction to 3941% was noted.

scholarly journals Validating a Numerical Simulation of Human Heart Motion Using Clinical Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-550
Author(s):  
Armin Müller ◽  
Ekaterina Kovacheva ◽  
Marc Alexander Fritz ◽  
Olaf Dössel ◽  
Axel Loewe
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Short Axis ◽  
Simulation Framework ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Heart Motion ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Clinical Mri ◽  
Over Time

AbstractNumerical simulations are increasingly often involved in developing new and improving existing medical therapies. While the models involved in those simulations are designed to resemble a specific phenomenon realistically, the results of the interplay of those models are often not sufficiently validated. We created a plugin for a cardiac simulation framework to validate the simulation results using clinical MRI data. The MRI data were used to create a static wholeheart mesh as well as slices from the left ventricular short axis, providing the motion over time. The static heart was a starting point for a simulation of the heart’s motion. From the simulation result, we created slices and compared them to the clinical MRI slices using two different metrics: the area of the slices and the point distances. The comparison showed global similarities in the deformation of simulated and clinical data, but also indicated points for potential improvements. Performing this comparison with more clinical data could lead to personalized modeling of elastomechanics of the heart.

scholarly journals Drift of Scroll Wave Filaments in an Anisotropic Model of the Left Ventricle of the Human Heart

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Pravdin ◽  
Hans Dierckx ◽  
Vladimir S. Markhasin ◽  
Alexander V. Panfilov
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Excitable Media ◽  
Filament Dynamics ◽  
Myocardial Wall ◽  
Scroll Wave ◽  
Generic Description

Scroll waves are three-dimensional vortices which occur in excitable media. Their formation in the heart results in the onset of cardiac arrhythmias, and the dynamics of their filaments determine the arrhythmia type. Most studies of filament dynamics were performed in domains with simple geometries and generic description of the anisotropy of cardiac tissue. Recently, we developed an analytical model of fibre structure and anatomy of the left ventricle (LV) of the human heart. Here, we perform a systematic study of the dynamics of scroll wave filaments for the cases of positive and negative tension in this anatomical model. We study the various possible shapes of LV and different degree of anisotropy of cardiac tissue. We show that, for positive filament tension, the final position of scroll wave filament is mainly determined by the thickness of the myocardial wall but, however, anisotropy attracts the filament to the LV apex. For negative filament tension, the filament buckles, and for most cases, tends to the apex of the heart with no or slight dependency on the thickness of the LV. We discuss the mechanisms of the observed phenomena and their implications for cardiac arrhythmias.

scholarly journals Effects of Supraphysiological Doses of Steroids on the Left Ventricle of Sedentary Mice: Morphometric Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (02) ◽  
pp. 091-096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Érika Larissa Poscidônio de Souza ◽  
Rodrigo Leandro Dias ◽  
Raíssa Santiago Rios ◽  
Tânia Martins Vieira ◽  
Bruno Damião ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Cavity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Androgenic Steroids

AbstractAnabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are synthetic compounds derived from testosterone, which are widely used in supraphysiological doses by people seeking an aesthetic effect. The objective of the present experiment was to evaluate the possible morphometric changes in the cardiac left ventricle caused by the administration of supraphysiological doses of the anabolic steroids testosterone cypionate and stanozolol in the hearts of young sedentary mice, to serve as a comparative parameter with young mice that were submitted to exercise. We have used 60 hearts of sedentary young Swiss mice, aged ∼ 90 days old (young-adult), with a body weight between 40 and 50 g. The animals were divided into three groups: the control group, the testosterone cypionate group, and the stanozolol group. For the analysis, 10 distinct sections of the apex, of the middle region, and of the base of the heart were selected, followed by an optical microscope measurement with a 2.5x magnification. The results obtained show an increase in both myocardial thickness and left ventricular cavity diameter in the two groups of male animals in relation to the control group; however, in females, an increase in the thickness of the left ventricular myocardium was observed only for the stanozolol group. These results suggest that the cardiac alterations observed in the present study may be directly related to some signs and symptoms already described in the literature, such as hypertension, arrhythmias, infarction, sudden death, and other cardiovascular diseases.

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