scholarly journals Jurisdiction of the medical ethics committees

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-195
Author(s):  
Božidar Voljč
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Nuremberg Code ◽  
Exclusive Jurisdiction ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Ethics Of Research ◽  
Risk And Benefit ◽  
Research Drug

Abstract Ethical principles of assessing medical research are to the greatest extent defined by the Nuremberg Code, the Declarations of Geneva and Helsinki, and the Oviedo Convention. Pursuant to their directives various national Medical Ethics Committees (MECs) were established which assess the ethics of research according to the risk and benefit ratio of the persons involved. Following the example of other countries, medical ethics committees eventually appeared also in hospitals and some medical and educational institutions around Slovenia. Due to an increased number of ethical challenges, it is of great importance to define the jurisdiction of the Slovenian MECs in order to ensure their coordinated operation. Exclusive jurisdiction of the national MEC includes multicentre and multi-national research, drug research (phases 1–3), high-risk research and research related to doctoral theses. The jurisdiction of the sectoral MECs includes testing the conditions for research, monitoring the execution and overviewing the final reports. A more significant jurisdiction of the sectoral MEC is preserving an ethical environment in their institutions. A network of Slovenian MECs is to be organised in the form of a jurisdiction pyramid where each member has its own obligations and responsibilities and plays an important role in relation to the entire structure.

Consultants and Committees: A Cooperative and Mutually Educational Enterprise

1994 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 478-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erich H. Loewy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Broad Resonance ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
National Medical ◽  
Canadian Perspective ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
Educational Enterprise

It is logical that to function properly ethics committees must be properly trained, and I believe that Griener and Starch's paper in this issue of CQ is an important contribution to such a point of view and to this field. Although written from the Canadian perspective, the paper should find broad resonance in other settings. Differences between national medical settings are interesting but not critical to the point Griener and Starch make, i.e., ethics committees should be trained and should continue to be trained.Not all will agree on this position, because it rests on several presuppositions that not everyone will accept. According to such a thesis, ethics in general and medical ethics in particular has its own peculiar way of thinking, is based on a recognizable and acknowledged body of literature, and can be acquired by study. Further, such a view presupposes that persons who have acquired such a skill and broadened it by continual practice have developed an expertise lacking in others who have no familiarity with the field.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Family Medicine Trainees in Saudi Training Programs towards Medical Ethics, in Riyadh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 968-975
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman Alardan ◽  
Sulaiman Abdullah Alshammari ◽  
Mohammed Alruwaili
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Nuremberg Code ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Moral Principles ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

BACKGROUND Medical ethics is a system of moral principles that govern the practice of medicine. Ethical challenges frequently arise within the field of family medicine and may lead to complications. We wanted to assess the existing knowledge, attitude, and practice of family medicine trainees currently engaged in Saudi programs in relation to medical ethics in Riyadh. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out which encompassed a population size of 256 trainees from a total of nine different training centres. A self-administrated questionnaire containing 28 items was used. The questionnaires were distributed manually during the month of December 2016. RESULTS 208 subjects returned the completed questionnaires with a response rate of 81.25 %. Eighty-eight percent of those surveyed agreed that a knowledge of medical ethics was important in medical practice. The most common source of knowledge of medical ethics and law of work amongst the trainees was found to be "during training" in both medical ethics (71.2 %) and law of work (60.6 %). Significantly, only thirty-eight percent participants had knowledge about content of a Saudi law of practicing healthcare professions. Meanwhile, 63.9 % were unaware of the content of the Hippocratic Code whilst 88.5 % were unaware of the content of the Nuremberg Code. Finally, 93.8 % were unaware of the Helsinki Declaration. In measuring the total scores of answers in relation to ethical problems for different values, the mean score for all respondents was 34.98 out of 50, and 51.92 of residents, got a score ≤ 35. CONCLUSIONS The knowledge, attitude, and practice of trainees toward medical ethics was found to be inadequate. It is, therefore, essential to incorporate teaching of medical ethics into future residency program for trainees as a structured course. KEY WORDS Ethics, Bioethics, Family Medicine, Training, Residency

scholarly journals Comprehensive survey among statistical members of medical ethics committees in Germany on their personal impression of completeness and correctness of biostatistical aspects of submitted study protocols

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e032864
Author(s):  
Geraldine Rauch ◽  
Lorena Hafermann ◽  
Ulrich Mansmann ◽  
Iris Pigeot
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Sample Size Calculation ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Individual Assessment ◽  
Statistical Problems ◽  
Multiple Comparison Procedures

ObjectivesTo assess biostatistical quality of study protocols submitted to German medical ethics committees according to personal appraisal of their statistical members.DesignWe conducted a web-based survey among biostatisticians who have been active as members in German medical ethics committees during the past 3 years.SettingThe study population was identified by a comprehensive web search on websites of German medical ethics committees.ParticipantsThe final list comprised 86 eligible persons. In total, 57 (66%) completed the survey.QuestionnaireThe first item checked whether the inclusion criterion was met. The last item assessed satisfaction with the survey. Four items aimed to characterise the medical ethics committee in terms of type and location, one item asked for the urgency of biostatistical training addressed to the medical investigators. The main 2×12 items reported an individual assessment of the quality of biostatistical aspects in the submitted study protocols, while distinguishing studies according to the German Medicines Act (AMG)/German Act on Medical Devices (MPG) and studies non-regulated by these laws.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe individual assessment of the quality of biostatistical aspects corresponds to the primary objective. Thus, participants were asked to complete the sentence ‘In x% of the submitted study protocols, the following problem occurs’, where 12 different statistical problems were formulated. All other items assess secondary endpoints.ResultsFor all biostatistical aspects, 45 of 49 (91.8%) participants judged the quality of AMG/MPG study protocols much better than that of ‘non-regulated’ studies. The latter are in median affected 20%–60% more often by statistical problems. The highest need for training was reported for sample size calculation, missing values and multiple comparison procedures.ConclusionsBiostatisticians being active in German medical ethics committees classify the biostatistical quality of study protocols as low for ‘non-regulated’ studies, whereas quality is much better for AMG/MPG studies.

scholarly journals To the 75th anniversary of the beginning of the Nuremberg trials and the creation of Nuremberg codex: global significance and the enduring lessons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Chuchalin ◽  
YN Sayamov
Keyword(s):  
Health Sector ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
75Th Anniversary ◽  
Nuremberg Code ◽  
Voluntary Informed Consent ◽  
Nuremberg Trials

The article reveals the significance of the Nuremberg trials for rethinking the moral foundations of medicine; the role of the Nuremberg Code in the development of voluntary informed consent in clinical practice and in clinical trials, as well as its impact on the international legal regulation of the health sector is considered. The authors focus on the importance of the lessons of Nuremberg for understanding the ethical challenges that have emerged in the 21st century as a result of the development of artificial intelligence technologies, editing of the human genome and the emergence of new forms of parenting, largely associated with the achievements of new reproductive technologies.

Scenarios in medical ethics-1: Composition and functioning of ethics committees

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Jayanthi Mathaiyan ◽  
Harivenkatesh Natarajan ◽  
Raveendran Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees

The ethics of research ethics committees

BMJ ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 320 (7243) ◽  
pp. 1217-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Nicholl
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethics Committees ◽  
Research Ethics Committees ◽  
Ethics Of Research

scholarly journals The social management of medical ethics in sport: confidentiality in English professional football

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Waddington ◽  
Andrea Scott-Bell ◽  
Dominic Malcolm
Keyword(s):  
Medical Ethics ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Professional Autonomy ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Ethical Practice ◽  
Medical Work ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Clinician Behaviour

This paper examines one of the major ethical challenges in the practice of sports medicine, confidentiality. Drawing on interview and questionnaire data with doctors and physiotherapists working in English professional football clubs, it explores the degree to which ethical compliance has improved since the publication of, and publicity surrounding, an earlier study of medical practice in professional football conducted by Waddington and Roderick. Thus, it provides an updated empirical examination of the management of medical ethics in sport. The data illustrate how the physical and social environmental constraints of sports medicine practice impinge upon the protection of athlete-patient confidentiality, how ethical codes and conflicting obligations converge to shape clinician behaviour in relation to lifestyle and injury issues, and the ethically problematic contractual constraints under which clinicians and athletes operate. It demonstrates that medical ethical practice continues to be very variable and draws on Freidson’s work on medical ‘work settings’ to argue that there is a need to augment existing confidentiality policies with more structurally oriented approaches to ensure both professional autonomy and medical ethical compliance in sport.

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