scholarly journals Properties of degraded and reclaimed soils in the area of the abandoned “Jeziórko” sulfur mine (Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Knap ◽  
Janina Kaniuczak ◽  
Edmund Hajduk ◽  
Adam Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Reclaimed Soils

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine some physicochemical and chemical properties of post-mining soils reclaimed in different directions, after completed sulfur exploitation by means of the borehole (Frash) method. The study was conducted in 2013 in the former Sulfur Mine „Jeziórko” located on the Tarnobrzeg Plain between Tarnobrzeg and Stalowa Wola cities (Podkarpackie Voivodeship, south Poland). It covered an area of land reclaimed as the arable or forest land. The most important problems connected with sulfur exploitation was the occurrence of a layer of solid sulfur which was previously removed. During the reclamation process, embankments and excavations were leveled through replenishing large amounts of ground, post-flotation lime, mineral fertilizers, and sewage sludge. Moreover, studies upon degraded and non-reclaimed area (by 2013) were also carried out. Examined land was characterized by granulometric composition of sands, loamy sands, and sandy loams. Re-leveling of degraded land using post-flotation lime contributed to lower levels of acidification of reclaimed soil surface. The highest contents of organic carbon and total nitrogen were found in the surface layers of the soils studied. Content of available potassium ranged from very low to average. The soils were characterized by a high content of available magnesium in the surface layers of the profiles (maximum 71.8 mg·kg−1 in soil reclaimed as forest land), while below the Mg content was usually low. Contents of individual exchangeable cations could be lined up in a following decreasing sequence: Ca2+>Na+>K+>Mg2+ Referring to the topsoil, reclaimed soils were characterized by more favorable properties (pH close to neutral, lower acidity, higher sorption capacity, higher organic carbon, total nitrogen, and available forms of phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium concentrations) as compared to non-reclaimed soil.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF COMPOST DOSES ON SOIL RESILIENCE IN PALU VALLEY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Danang Widjajanto ◽  
Uswah Hasanah ◽  
Imam Wahyudi ◽  
St Sukmawati ◽  
Sufyan Sufyan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Resilience

Applying organic matter to the soil surface is an effective effort to increase soil resilience in the Palu valley, which is classified as low. This study aimed to determine: 1) the effect of several doses of compost on the physico-chemical properties of the soil, 2) the correlation between the percentage of organic carbon and total nitrogen in the soil to several physico-chemical properties of the soil. The research was based on a randomized block design in a greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Tadulako University, Palu. Compost uses raw materials for plantain stems (Musa textilia) and leaves of Gamal (Gliricidia sepium). The compost doses used in the experiment consisted of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% of the weight of air-dry soil, respectively. The treatment was repeated three times. The results showed that compost application significantly affected soil content weight, total porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, field capacity moisture content, percentage of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and cation exchange capacity. The correlation test results showed a powerful relationship between the percentage of organic carbon or total soil nitrogen to other soil physico-chemical properties observed in the experiment.

scholarly journals Plant community composition in relation to soil physico-chemical properties of the Ratargul swamp forest, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zabed Hossain ◽  
Mohammad Ashraful Alam Khan ◽  
Md Abul Kashem ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Vegetation Composition ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Growth Variability

Vegetation composition in relation to soil physical and chemical properties of the Ratargul Swamp Forest was examined in the present study. Vegetation data were collected from 10 different sites by placing quadrats (10 m × 10 m) randomly at a distance of 500 m from each other in the forest area. Soil samples were collected from the centre of the quadrat. Plant species richness and the Shannon Diversity Index (H?) ranged from 3 to 7 and from 0.150 to 1.184 respectively, per quadrat. Among the tree species, Pongamia pinnata (L.) Merr. showed the highest important value index (IVI) value (15.62) indicating the dominance of the species in the forest. Among the shrubs, Schumannianthus dichotomus (Roxb.) Gagnep. showed the highest IVI value (36.25) and Phyllanthus disticha showed the lowest (2.2). Of the herbs, Diplazium esculentum (Retz.) Sw. showed the highest (92.44) and Asparagus racemosus L. showed the lowest (2.2) IVI values. Diameter at breast height (DBH) of P. pinnata (L.) Merr. varied largely from 29.26 to 169.77 cm indicating its growth variability from site to site in the forest. Soil pH, electric conductivity, organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus also showed a large range of variation in the study area. Redundancy Discriminant Analysis showed that soil moisture, conductivity, organic carbon and total nitrogen were significantly correlated with plant species data. Crataeva nurvala Buch-Ham and Mucuna zygantea DC. correlated with soil organic carbon and moisture content. On the other hand, S. dichotomus (Roxb.) Gagnep. showed significant correlation with soil conductivity. Results, thus, indicate that vegetation composition is related with soil properties in the Ratargul Swamp Forest.Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 25(1): 1-8, 2016

scholarly journals Soil fertility, organic carbon and fractions of the organic matter at different distances from eucalyptus stumps

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 571-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Erli Faria ◽  
Nairam Félix de Barros ◽  
Roberto Ferreira Novais ◽  
Ivo Ribeiro Silva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Light Fraction ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Topsoil Layer

Knowledge on variations in vertical, horizontal and temporal characteristics of the soil chemical properties under eucalyptus stumps left in the soil is of fundamental importance for the management of subsequent crops. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of eucalyptus stumps (ES) left after cutting on the spatial variability of chemical characteristics in a dystrophic Yellow Argisol in the eastern coastal plain region of Brazil. For this purpose, ES left for 31 and 54 months were selected in two experimental areas with similar characteristics, to assess the decomposition effects of the stumps on soil chemical attributes. Soil samples were collected directly around these ES, and at distances of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 cm away from them, in the layers 0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm along the row of ES, which is in-between the rows of eucalyptus trees of a new plantation, grown at a spacing of 3 x 3 m. The soil was sampled in five replications in plots of 900 m² each and the samples analyzed for pH, available P and K (Mehlich-1), exchangeable Al, Ca and Mg, total organic carbon (TOC) and C content in humic substances (HS) and in the free light fraction. The pH values and P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ contents varied between the soil layers with increasing distance from the 31 and 54-monthold stumps. The highest pH, P, K, Ca2+ and Mg2+ values and the lowest Al3+ content were found in the surface soil layer. The TOC of the various fractions of soil organic matter decreased with increasing distance from the 31 and 54-month-old ES in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers, indicating that the root (and stump) cycling and rhizodeposition contribute to maintain soil organic matter. The C contents of the free light fraction, of the HS and TOC fractions were higher in the topsoil layer under the ES left for 31 months due to the higher clay levels of this layer, than in those found under the 54-month-old stumps. However, highest C levels of the different fractions of soil organic matter in the topsoil layer reflect the deposition and maintenance of forest residues on the soil surface, mainly after forest harvest.

Corrigenda - The effects of minimum cultivation after three years on some physical and chemical properties of a red-brown earth at Forbes, NSW.

Soil Research ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 263 ◽  
Author(s):  
PP Cavanagh ◽  
AJ Koppi ◽  
AB Mcbratney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Electrolytic Conductivity ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Reducing cultivation may improve many soil physical and chemical properties of a red-brown earth. A trial was set up in 1986 on a red-brown earth near Forbes, N.S.W., comparing direct-drilling and conventional-cultivation crop establishment techniques. The surface soil (0-100 mm) was sampled at the end of the third year and assessed for macropore structure, infiltration characteristics, bulk density, pH, electrolytic conductivity, organic carbon and total nitrogen content. Cultivation degraded some desirable soil physical properties as indicated by data obtained from image analysis and infiltration. Bulk density did not mirror differences in macroporosity. Organic carbon, total nitrogen and electrolytic conductivity levels were higher in direct-drilled soil in comparison to conventionally tilled soil. It ib concluded that the improvement of soil chemical and physical properties afforded by a reduction in tillage would lead to an increase in soil water infiltration rate and storage.

The effects of minimum cultivation after three years on some physical and chemical properties of a red-brown earth at Forbes, NSW.

Soil Research ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
PP Cavanagh ◽  
AJ Koppi ◽  
AB Mcbratney
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Electrolytic Conductivity ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Reducing cultivation may improve many soil physical and chemical properties of a red-brown earth. A trial was set up in 1986 on a red-brown earth near Forbes, N.S.W., comparing direct-drilling and conventional-cultivation crop establishment techniques. The surface soil (0-100 mm) was sampled at the end of the third year and assessed for macropore structure, infiltration characteristics, bulk density, pH, electrolytic conductivity, organic carbon and total nitrogen content. Cultivation degraded some desirable soil physical properties as indicated by data obtained from image analysis and infiltration. Bulk density did not mirror differences in macroporosity. Organic carbon, total nitrogen and electrolytic conductivity levels were higher in direct-drilled soil in comparison to conventionally tilled soil. It ib concluded that the improvement of soil chemical and physical properties afforded by a reduction in tillage would lead to an increase in soil water infiltration rate and storage.

scholarly journals Monitoring organic carbon, total nitrogen, and pH for reclaimed soils using field reflectance spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.T. Sorenson ◽  
C. Small ◽  
M.C. Tappert ◽  
S.A. Quideau ◽  
B. Drozdowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Field Reflectance ◽  
Reclaimed Soils

Organic carbon and total nitrogen dynamics of reclaimed soils following intensive agricultural use in eastern China

2016 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 193-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Pengbao Wu ◽  
Aijing Yin ◽  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Reclaimed Soils

scholarly journals Vegetation influences soil properties along riparian zones of the Beijiang River in Southern China

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9699
Author(s):  
Qinghe Zhao ◽  
Shengyan Ding ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
Shuoqian Wang ◽  
Yaru Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Riparian Zones ◽  
Beijiang River ◽  
Riparian Soils

Riparian soils and vegetation are important factors influencing the biodiversity and biogeochemical processes of river ecosystems. Riparian soils and vegetation form the foundation for multiple ecosystem services provided by river ecosystems. However, it remains poorly understood how riparian soils and vegetation interact with one another to maintain these services. In this study, we sampled four common types of riparian vegetation associated with the Beijiang River in South China. These included forestland, bamboo forest, mixed forest, and grassland ecosystems. Specifically, we analyzed the spatial distribution of riparian soils and their response to environmental factors (i.e., coverage and height of trees, shrubs and grass, distance to river, and altitude). Our results indicate that soil properties in riparian zones were affected significantly by vegetation type. In particular, clay content, soil organic carbon, and nitrate nitrogen content were significantly correlated with vegetation type. In contrast, changes in soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus content were not associated with vegetation type. Moreover, soil physical and chemical properties interacted with one an other, as well as with vegetation characteristics. This was indicated by the significant correlation observed between soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and soil texture, with structural characteristics of the four vegetation types. We also found that height and cover of trees and shrubs were significantly correlated with soil chemical properties. However, the effects of topographic variables such as altitude and distance to river were not significant. Results from this study can thus provide a basis for the ecological restoration and land management of degraded iparian zones.

scholarly journals Effect of Land Use Change on Soil Carbon Stock and Selected Soil Properties in Gobu Sayyo, Western Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
mengistu welemariam ◽  
Deginet Wako ◽  
Getahun Kitila
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Soc Stock ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Background: Land-use change is one of the major factors affecting soil degradation. The pressures of the human population on land resources have increased land-use change with more negative effects on soil carbon storage and soil properties. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of land-use changes on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and selected soil physicochemical properties in Gobu Sayyo, Western Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected from three adjacent land uses i.e., forest land, grazing land, and cultivated lands at 0-20cm and 20cm-40cm soil depths. A total of 36 composite soil samples were collected and the major soil properties and SOC storage of the area were analyzed and computed based on their standard procedures.Results: Soil organic carbon stock was significantly (p<0.05) higher (43.09-81.86 tone ha-1) in forest land and was significantly lower (38.08-43.09 tone ha-1) in cultivated land at the of depth of 0-20cm. SOC stock decreased with dept in all land uses. Changes in land use and soil depth affected the physical and chemical properties of soil. The physical soil property such as bulk density (BD) was higher (1.62 gcm-3) in the cultivated land whereas, the lowest (1.08 gcm-3) was recorded in the forest at 0-20cm depth. Comparatively the moisture content was higher (25.89%) under forest land at the depth of 20-40cm and was lower (11.22%) under cultivated lands. The chemical soil properties like exchangeable Ca2+, Mg2+, and K+ were higher in forest lands. Organic carbon, avP, TN, ex.Ca2+, ex.Mg2+, ex.K+, and CEC were lower under cultivated lands. pH increased with depth and was higher under forest land and lower under cultivated land. Soils of the study area are in general acidic to slightly acid with pH value ranging from 4-6-6.02. The pH, SOC, TN, av. Phosphorus and CEC were higher under forest land as compared to cultivated and grazing lands. Conclusion: It can be concluded that soil organic carbon stocks, the physical and chemical properties were affected by land-use change and depth. Therefore, reducing the intensity of cultivation, adopting integrated soil fertility management, and maintaining forest land must be practiced to save the soil of the area from degradation.

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