Narrative Images of the Yugoslav Totality (and Totalitarianism) in the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Short Story in the Transition from the 20th to the 21st Century

The chapter provides a genealogy of the 2016 CILE (Congreso Internacional de la Lengua Española), during which the Spanish officialdom celebrated Puerto Rico's linguistic ties to Spain as a 21st-century mercantile ploy. I review the language debates that raged in Puerto Rico in the 1940s, examining Pedro Salinas' 1948 Commencement Speech at the University of Puerto Rico, which would become his famed "Defensa del lenguaje"; revisiting Gov. Luis Muñoz Marín's 1953 speech "La personalidad puertorriqueña en el Estado Libre Asociado"; and ending with a brief coda on Ana Lydia Vega's 1981 short story "Pollito Chicken," to reflect on the positions shared by both Spanish exiles to the Caribbean and local intellectuals regarding language as a self-evident vessel of identity. The main argument is that a rhetoric of defense, crystallized in the 1940s, was redeployed by successive and presumptively opposite segments of the intelligentsia.

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O conto português no século XXI: apontamentos sobre Teatro Vertical de Manuel Alberto Vieira / The Portuguese short-story in the 21st century: notes on Manuel Alberto Vieira’s Teatro Vertical

Revista do Centro de Estudos Portugueses ◽

10.17851/2359-0076.41.65.31-45 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 41 (65) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Ana Rita Sousa

Keyword(s):

Short Story ◽

21St Century ◽

Literary Tradition ◽

Narrative Structure ◽

Global Market ◽

The Novel ◽

Ricardo Piglia ◽

The Family ◽

Publishing Houses ◽

The Universe

Resumo: A ficção portuguesa no século XXI parece inclinar-se maioritariamente para as distintas formas que autoriza o romance na pós-modernidade. Por razões de vária ordem, que vão desde a nossa tradição literária à criação de um mercado editorial que fomenta este género, os escritores surgidos após a passagem do milénio e publicados nas grandes casas editoriais portuguesas têm recorrido pouco ao conto. Em contrapartida, o trabalho realizado por editoras independentes tem trazido a lume outros possíveis caminhos para a ficção portuguesa que não desaguam no universo de tendências dominantes do mercado cada vez mais global (carácter mais universal da intriga, inclinação para mobilidade constante das personagens e dos espaços, alusões de natureza livresca, recusa a referências locais ou regionais, etc.). Neste sentido, este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o contributo de Teatro Vertical, livro de contos de Manuel Alberto Vieira, que em sentido quase oposto às tendências dominantes, permite repensar a potencialidade do conto como género na atualidade, ao mesmo tempo que reconfigura um dos elementos mais problematizados da nossa sociedade: a família. Após uma breve contextualização da subalternização do género na nossa tradição literária, procura analisar-se a estrutura narrativa destes contos – partindo das reflexões de Ricardo Piglia sobre as formas breves –, assim como estudar o modo em que um dos temas dominantes, a família, é evidenciado nas suas complexas mutações através das estruturas mais simples, próprias do conto.Palavras-chave: Manuel Alberto Vieira; conto; narrativa; família; crueldade. Abstract: Portuguese fiction in the 21st century seems to lean mostly towards the different forms that authorize the novel in postmodernity. For various reasons, ranging from our literary tradition to the creation of an editorial market that fosters this genre, writers who emerged after the passing of the millennium and published in the major Portuguese publishing houses have made little use of the short-story. On the other hand, the work carried out by independent publishers has brought to light other paths for Portuguese fiction that do not lead to the universe of dominant trends in the increasingly global market (a more universal character of intrigue, inclination towards constant mobility of characters and spaces, allusions of a bookish nature, refusal of local or regional references, etc.). In this sense, this work intends to analyze the contribution of Teatro Vertical, a short story book by Manuel Alberto Vieira, which, in an almost opposite sense to the dominant trends, allows us to rethink the potential of the literary short-story as a genre today, while reconfiguring one of the elements most problematized in our society: the family. To this end, this work, after a brief contextualization of the subordination of gender in our literary tradition, seeks to analyze the narrative structure of these short-stories - based on Ricardo Piglia’s reflections on short forms - as well as studying the way in which one of the dominant themes, the family, is evidenced in its complex mutations through the simplest structures, typical of the short-story.Keywords: Manuel Alberto Vieira; short story; narrative; family; cruelty.

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Remake jako forma dialogu z klasyką (inspiracje „Szynelem” Mikołaja Gogola w wybranej literaturze rosyjskiej XX i XXI w.)

Politeja ◽

10.12797/politeja.16.2019.59.19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2(59)) ◽

pp. 327-351

Author(s):

Martyna Kowalska

Keyword(s):

20Th Century ◽

Short Story ◽

21St Century ◽

Russian Literature ◽

Growing Up ◽

Wide Range ◽

Russian Literary ◽

The Subject ◽

In The Beginning ◽

Political Principles

Remake as a Form of the Dialogue with the Classics (Nikolai Gogol’s ‘The Overcoat' as an Inspiration in Russian Literature in the End of the 20th Century and the Beginning of the 21st Century) The article is devoted to the very recent phenomenon in contemporary Russian literature – to a remake. The subject of this research is the literary ‘dialogue’ between classical short story (The Overcoat by Nikolay Gogol) and Russian literary works in the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. In scope, there is a micro-novel of Vladimir Voinovich The Fur Hat, then Dmitry Gorchev’s novel The Phone and Vladimir Shinkariev’s work The Flat, as well as Bashmachkin – a drama written by Oleg Bogaev. The interest that contemporary authors demonstrate in Gogol’s work is a result of the problems described which still appear to be current. This is also an attempt to make Russian classics contemporary and reinterpret the 20th century novel simultaneously. The methods of bringing ‘Gogol’s text’ up to date in the above-mentioned works present the wide range of possibilities that remake gives. Voinovich put social and political principles of Soviet state in the first place. The Table of Ranks together with its submission of an individual towards the state has been deeply analyzed. In Gorchev’s and Shinkariev’s stories contemporary Bashmachkins – ‘little men’, eager to fulfill their dreams about better life – are presented. What is more, those texts show a very interesting picture of Russian reality in the beginning of 21st century ruled by lawlessness, corruption and money. The most original approach to Gogol’s work was presented by Bogaev in Bashmachkin’s story continuation. However, the main character is the overcoat who is administering justice on behalf of a dying hero. The remake-sequel is not only a modernized version of Gogol’s plot but also a new text growing up from a postmodern game. A proposed analysis of the above-mentioned Russian remakes presents many different ways a classic literature text can be modernized thanks to this kind of adaptation. However, on the ground of Russian literature, a remake is above all a pursuit of a dialogue with the classics, an attempt to modernize the problematic aspects and emphasize timeless contents.

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When screenwriter, novelist, and director Guillermo Arriaga was 10 years old, he practiced giving acceptance speeches with a Coke bottle. The reason, he explained to his parents, was because he was convinced he would win an Oscar, a Nobel Prize, or an award at the Cannes Film Festival. He’s already achieved one of those goals—he was honored at Cannes with Best Screenplay for The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada (2005), which also won Best Actor for director Tommy Lee Jones—and he’s been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for Babel (2006). Born in Mexico City, Arriaga is at the forefront of Mexican artists who have brought his country’s cinema to the attention of worldwide audiences in the 21st century. With director Alejandro González Iñárritu, he wrote the screenplays for Amores Perros (2000), 21 Grams (2003), and Babel, films that were praised for their unflinching view of humanity’s darkness while at the same time offering hope in the form of community and individual compassion. Arriaga directed his first feature in 2008: The Burning Plain—which starred Charlize Theron, Kim Basinger, and Jennifer Lawrence— and continued his passion for nonlinear stories and complicated, compelling characters. Throughout his work, Arriaga has explored how different languages, cultures, and borders can divide people—but as well how those divisions can be broken down in unexpectedly moving or terrifying ways. A celebrated short-story writer and sports enthusiast, he is also the author of the novels The Night Buffalo and A Sweet Scent of Death.

FilmCraft: Screenwriting ◽

10.4324/9780240824857-6 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 25-27

Keyword(s):

Mexico City ◽

Short Story ◽

Nobel Prize ◽

21St Century ◽

Original Screenplay ◽

Film Festival ◽

Academy Award ◽

Story Writer ◽

Guillermo Arriaga ◽

Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu

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Feminism thoughts in 20th and 21st century literary works: A comparative study

EduLite Journal of English Education Literature and Culture ◽

10.30659/e.4.2.183-193 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Fransiska Marsela Hambur ◽

Nurhayati Nurhayati

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Short Story ◽

21St Century ◽

Literary Work ◽

Literature Study ◽

Social Phenomena ◽

Literary Works ◽

Sociological Approach ◽

And Gender

One of most arguable and observable social phenomena is gender inequality which is based on feminism thoughts. Considering how literature may portray human’s life along with its values, this study is purposed to elaborate and compare how feminism thoughts and gender inequality take place in various literary works. Based on the importance of feminism thoughts and gender inequality in cross cultural literature, then there is a necessity to conduct a comparative literature study which focused on feminism thoughts. This study took four kinds of literary works, namely drama, prose (short-story), movie, and poetry. Feminism approach as sociological approach was applied in this study altogether with comparative criticism and content analysis method. This study discussed how feminism thoughts got more supports and encouragement as the century progressed. By comparing literary works from 20th and 21st century, several important findings can be drawn, namely (a) feminism thoughts are getting stronger along with the progression of century, (b) feminism thoughts always oppose gender inequality as both are always found as binary oppositions in literary work, (c) both feminism and gender-inequality live through human’s values and repetitive actions, (d) personal and familial values are crucial in order to develop feminism thoughts and gender-inequality in an individual, and (e) the change of values, especially social and cultural values can bring changes in both feminism and gender inequality phenomena.

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