Relocating Ingombe Ilede in the history of south-central Africa

Antiquity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (358) ◽  
pp. 1092-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Keech McIntosh ◽  
Brian M. Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Southern Africa ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Important Data ◽  
South Central ◽  
History Of

We thank the four commentators for adding new dimensions and important data relevant to interpreting the new Ingombe Ilede dates. These contribute to the recent wave of reassessments and critiques of earlier interpretations and frameworks for the development of trade and complexity in southern Africa. Such reconsiderations are made possible by more sophisticated and precise radiocarbon dating, expanded investigation of both new and previously excavated sites, and by the use of chemical analyses to identify differently sourced groups of glass beads and metals (e.g. Pikirayi 2009; Robertshaw et al. 2010; Chirikure et al. 2013, 2014, 2016; Koleini et al. 2016).

The Origin, Formation and Early History of the Chikunda of South Central Africa

1972 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Isaacman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Historical Linguistic ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Military History ◽  
Early History ◽  
South Central ◽  
History Of

Although historians have examined the process of pre-colonial political integration, little attention has been paid to the complementary patterns of ethnic and cultural assimilation. The Chikunda, who were initially slaves on the Zambezi prazos, provide an excellent example of this phenomenon. Over the course of several generations, captives from more than twenty ethnic groups submerged their historical, linguistic, and cultural differences to develop a new set of institutions and a common identity. The decline of the prazo system during the first half of the nineteenth century generated large scale migrations of Chikunda outside of the lower Zambezi valley. They settled in Zumbo, the Luangwa valley and scattered regions of Malawi where they played an important role in the nineteenth-century political and military history of south central Africa.

Firearms in South-Central Africa

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Atmore ◽  
J. M. Chirenje ◽  
S. I. Mudenge
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
Middle Years ◽  
Early Date ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Economic Basis ◽  
White Settlement

Any survey of the effects of the possession and use of firearms among the Tswana and, to the north of them, the Ndebele and Shona peoples, must start with a brief investigation of firearms among the Khoikhoi and the mixed Khoikhoi-white groups. The latter were in some respects the vanguard of the expansions of the white frontier in southern Africa. They originated in unions between Khoikhoi and white hunters, traders and farmers, and probably never existed without firearms; from an early date they also acquired horses. In the middle years of the eighteenth century the Khoikhoi-whites and the Khoikhoi peoples, whose economic basis and political structure had been broken by various aspects of white settlement amongst them, were being armed by the whites to take part in commando expeditions against the San. There is evidence that some Khoikhoi trekked from the colony to avoid this service.

HUNTING REPUTATIONS: TALENT, INDIVIDUALS, AND COMMUNITY IN PRECOLONIAL SOUTH CENTRAL AFRICA

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN M. DE LUNA
Keyword(s):  
Central Africa ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Face ◽  
Political Traditions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Foregone Conclusion

ABSTRACTThe familiar mystique of African hunters was not a foregone conclusion to the practitioners, dependents, and leaders who created it. Late in the first millennium, Botatwe farmers’ successful adoption of cereals and limited cattle sustained the transformation of hunting from a generalist's labor into a path to distinction. Throughout the second millennium, the basis of hunters’ renown diversified as trade intensified, new political traditions emerged, and, eventually, the caravan trade andmfecaneravaged established communities. The story of Botatwe hunters reveals alongue duréehistory of local notables and the durability of affective, social dimensions of recognition in the face of changes in the material, political, and technological basis sustaining such status.

The Recent Political History of South Central Africa

1977 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Melvin E. Page ◽  
Lawrence Vambe ◽  
Peter S. Garlake ◽  
Allen F. Isaacman ◽  
Bridglal Pachai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
South Central ◽  
History Of

THE FLORA OF THE DRAKENSBERG ALPINE CENTRE

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. CARBUTT ◽  
T. J. EDWARDS
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Altitude Range ◽  
South Central ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Cape Floral Region ◽  
Rich Flora

The Drakensberg Alpine Centre (DAC) comprises the 40,000km2 high-altitude range of hills, mountain peaks and escarpment plateau bordering the eastern interior of southern Africa. Renowned for its species-rich flora and high levels of endemism, the DAC is here shown to support over 2800 specific and infraspecific native taxa, with c.16% of the angiosperm taxa being endemic, the latter equalling the flora of KwaZulu-Natal. Comparisons of the DAC's largest families and genera are made with those of the Cape Floral Region and KwaZulu-Natal, and the largest families are also compared with those of the Afromontane and Pondoland regions. In addition, comparisons are made between the high-altitude floras of southern and south-central Africa on the basis of their Cape element.

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