Organizational and Economic Basis of Functioning of Transportation Complexes of the EU And PRC

The effective functioning of the transport complex is associated with the development of transport infrastructure, including sea, river, road, aviation, railway transport, which meets the needs of the country’s economy in the delivery of goods and passengers. The article provides a comparative analysis of the organizational and economic foundations of the functioning of the transport complex in the EU and China. On the example of the EU countries and the PRC, it has been proved that the effective functioning of the transport complex in developed countries ensures the connectivity of territories and contributes to the growth of socio-economic development.

Economic Basis of Digital Banking Services Produced by FinTech Company in Smart City

The accelerated urbanization rate results in the birth of the Smart City concept, presupposing the more efficient use of digital technologies for the benefit of inhabitants and businesses. The idea of digital banking is one of the key issues in a smart city concept. The research should demonstrate that the efficient and effective way to produce such kind of services is to use the fintech companies’ facilities. Many researchers study fintech from a technological point of view, the contribution of fintech to general banking, the level of satisfaction of customers with fintech products. However, there is a gap in studying the economic basis of these companies. The research aims to determine the economic basis for the projects implemented by the fintech company and to determine the source of the efficiency of these companies in financial operations compared to the conventional bank. It has additional importance since the analysis of research devoted to technological solutions demonstrates a certain lacuna in the economic substantiation of such smart solutions. The results of this study are based on the implementation of traditional Cost-Benefit and Total Cost of Ownership analyses and include the developed cost and income functions, calculated Benefit/Cost ratio, and demonstrated the source of efficiency of fintech company compared to a traditional bank. Therefore, the activities of a fintech company in the area of digital banking received the economic ground, and this fact decreases the gap between intuitive comprehension of the necessity of the introduction of smart solutions in practice and the economic substantiation of this process.

EL TURISMO COMO FACTOR DE EXPLICACIÓN DE LOS DESEQUILIBRIOS TERRITORIALES: EL EJEMPLO DE LA ISLA DE LA GOMERA

La Gomera es una de las ocho Islas Canarias, un archipiélago considerado como uno de los destinos turísticos más importantes de Europa y del mundo. Su economía se desenvolvió históricamente a través de las actividades agrarias, pero a partir de los años ochenta del pasado siglo pasó a depender del sector terciario, siendo el turismo una base económica fundamental. El modelo turístico de La Gomera ha girado en torno al tradicional binomio de «sol y playa», favoreciendo su concentración en unos pocos espacios costeros del sur, lo que ha provocado una profunda polarización territorial -desde el punto de vista económico y demográfico- entre estas localidades y el resto de entidades de la isla. La consecuencia de ello ha sido el abandono casi total del territorio insular, el cual ahora se instrumentaliza como producto de promoción turística, apoyado en la idealización del paisaje como patrimonio natural y cultural, en la presentación del mismo como un espacio bucólico que seduzca y cautive a los visitantes alojados en la costa, principales consumidores de estos espacios del interior y norte insular, pero que poco aporta a la pobre economía de los habitantes que ellos residen. La Gomera is one of the eight Canary Islands, an archipelago considered one of the most important tourist destinations in Europe and the world. Its economy was historically developed through farming activities, but from the eighties decade of the past century, it became dependent on the service sector, with tourism being a fundamental economic basis. La Gomera´s tourism model has revolved around the classic "sun and beach" combination, favoring its concentration in a few coastal areas in the south, which has led to a profound territorial polarization -from an economic and demographic point of view- between these places and the rest of the island. As a consequence, there has been an almost total abandonment of the island territory, which is now instrumentalized as a tourism promotion product, supported by the idealization of the landscape as a natural and cultural heritage, being presented as a bucolic space that seduces and captivates visitors staying on the coast, who are the main consumers of these interior and northern areas of the island, but which contributes little to the poor economy of the inhabitants residing in these areas.

The Bulgarian Village between the Two World Wars. Sociology of the Crime in the Prose of Georgi Karaslavov

The article traces the sociological picture of the Bulgarian village in the period between the two world wars. Social strata and mental attitudes are deciphered, the economic basis of the crime is traced.

Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method for Sustainable Energy-Saving Retrofit Façade Solutions

The increasing energy consumption levels of buildings within Europe call for controlled consumption and improvements to energy savings and efficiency and effective energy efficiency regulations. However, many aging and energy-inefficient buildings require energetic retrofitting that can employ various façades solutions and insulation materials. The selection of the most sustainable options in each situation therefore requires a decision-making methodology that can be used to prioritize available retrofit solutions based on economic, functional, environmental and social criteria. In this paper, both the methodology and the economic basis of the retrofitting process are presented. The methodology was validated in a case study, and a sensitivity analysis also demonstrated its validity, robustness and stability

Factors hindering the development of agricultural cooperatives in Georgia

Introduction. The lack of an appropriate methodological basis for creating agricultural cooperative system prevents the process of organizing formation of new agricultural cooperatives, which leads to an objective need to develop the organizational and economic basis for the formation and operation of agricultural cooperatives. In this regard, the research and study of theoretical aspects, analysis of objective conditions for the formation and operation of agricultural cooperatives, development of methodological provisions and practical recommendations to substantiate their organizational and economic mechanism, including matters of management, profit, price, credit, formation and distribution are topical to the issue and most of the components listed above are of great practical importance. Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to develop scientific, organizational and economic basis for the establishment and operation of agricultural cooperatives in a multistructural economy. The objectives of the research are: identifying the essence of the cooperative, adding several principles to the formation and classification of agricultural cooperatives, determining the conditions and factors necessary for their creation. Results. Theoretical and regulatory aspects of formation and development of agricultural cooperatives were specified taking into account the introduction of new principles for their operation: mandatory creation of indivisible funds for innovative activities, agricultural producers’ interest and expediency for their participation in the associations; and classification of cooperatives in the production and service industries. Conclusions. Based on consideration of the integrated approach to the formation of cooperatives and farmers’ organizations, necessary documentation and calculation of economic efficiency, the methodological provisions developed in the process of the research on the establishment and operation of agricultural cooperatives will allow agricultural producers to approach the formation of necessary cooperatives skillfully, easily determine the absolute and specific tax burden of agricultural cooperatives.

Evaluation of Potential Cryptocurrency Development Ability in Terrorist Financing

Terrorist financing is the economic basis of terrorist activities and the lifeline of terrorist organizations. In recent years, terrorist organizations have gradually come to use cryptocurrency to finance their activities based on traditional ways of raising funds. The anonymity of cryptocurrency is attractive to terrorist organizations, but its use remains at a low level. To explore the future development ability of cryptocurrency in terrorist financing, we study its internal characteristics and development status, as well as the supervisory systems of international organizations. This study hopes to enhance our understanding of the potential risks of cryptocurrency and serve as a reference for the fight against terrorist financing in the international community.

Some socio-economic aspects of gastronomic tourism study

As far as Uzbekistan is implementing a number of reforms to develop the tourism sector, it is very important to identify natural, socio-economic factors and objects that are the basis for the development of tourism in the Khorezm region. The article aims to cover the theoretical issues of gastronomic tourism, its current state, its role in tourism of different countries and regions, as well as the features of the Uzbek national cuisine, cooking. The study used statistical, questionnaires, geographical comparisons, regional analysis, extrapolation, ecological and systematic approaches, and expert evaluation. The article also describes gastronomic travel and its types, economic and social aspects. The article does not take into account the specific features of the types of tourism, such as medical tourism, business tourism, etc., and focuses on gastronomic tourism. Particular attention is paid to the opportunities for the development of gastronomic tourism and the work of foreign scientists who have contributed to the development of the socio-economic basis of gastronomic tourism management. It was concluded that Khorezm region is one of the most ancient and beautiful regions of Uzbekistan, which has long been distinguished by gastronomic tourism.

Priorities Of Providing The Economic Basis Of Sovereignty

The economic sovereignty of the state means that the people are free to manage their national wealth, to freely determine the ways of using their natural resources for the purposes of economic and social development. At the same time, "the economic sovereignty of the state is a set of formalized rights to make decisions independently within the powers in the economic sphere" [1, 16]. It means exercising absolute control over its natural resources and taking internal control of the activities of any enterprise in all sectors of the economy. Uzbek economist M.N. Yusupova [2, 7-9] argues that the basis of economic sovereignty is not material resources and wealth, but labor resources, which is an important factor in the national awakening.

Organizational and Economic Fundamentals of Formation of Investment Funds Improvement

The article examines the organizational and economic basis for the formation of investment funds and the theoretical and methodological basis for improving the mechanism of its implementation. Factors influencing the process of formation of investment funds have been systematically studied. Scientific proposals and practical recommendations for improving the organizational and economic framework for the formation of investment funds have been formed