Interrater and Test-Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and Subsystems With Community-Dwelling Older Adults

BACKGROUND: The reliability of the evaluation of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) and its two abbreviated versions are confirmed for balance characteristics and reliability. However, they are not utilized in cases of spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the BESTest and its abbreviated versions in persons with mild to moderate spinocerebellar ataxia. METHODS: The BESTest was performed in 20 persons with SCA at baseline and one month later. The scores of the abbreviated version of the BESTest were determined from the BESTest scores. The interclass correlation coefficient (1,1) was used as a measure of relative reliability. Furthermore, we calculated the MDC in the BESTest and its abbreviated versions. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficients (1,1) and MDC at 95% confidence intervals were 0.92, 8.7(8.1%), 0.91, 4.1(14.5%), and 0.81, 5.2(21.6%) for the Balance, Mini-Balance, and Brief-Balance Evaluation Systems Tests, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The BESTest and its abbreviated versions had high test-retest reliability. The MDC values of the BESTest could enable clinicians and researchers to interpret changes in the balance of patients with SCA more precisely.

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The Modified Gait Efficacy Scale: Establishing the Psychometric Properties in Older Adults

Physical Therapy ◽

10.2522/ptj.20110053 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (2) ◽

pp. 318-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Alaina M. Newell ◽

Jessie M. VanSwearingen ◽

Elizabeth Hile ◽

Jennifer S. Brach

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Self Report ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

And Performance ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

BackgroundPerceived ability or confidence plays an important role in determining function and behavior. The modified Gait Efficacy Scale (mGES) is a 10-item self-report measure used to assess walking confidence under challenging everyday circumstances.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the reliability, internal consistency, and validity of the mGES as a measure of gait in older adults.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.MethodsParticipants were 102 community-dwelling older adults (mean [±SD] age=78.6±6.1 years) who were independent in ambulation with or without an assistive device. Participants were assessed using the mGES and measures of confidence and fear, measures of function and disability, and performance-based measures of mobility. In a subsample (n=26), the mGES was administered twice within a 1-month period to establish test-retest reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]). The standard error of measure (SEM) was determined from the ICC and standard deviation. The Cronbach α value was calculated to determine internal consistency. To establish the validity of the mGES, the Spearman rank order correlation coefficient was used to examine the association with measures of confidence, fear, gait, and physical function and disability.ResultsThe mGES demonstrated test-retest reliability within the 1-month period (ICC=.93, 95% confidence interval=.85, .97). The SEM of the mGES was 5.23. The mGES was internally consistent across the 10 items (Cronbach α=.94). The mGES was related to measures of confidence and fear (r=.54–.88), function and disability (Late-Life Function and Disability Instrument, r=.32–.88), and performance-based mobility (r=.38–.64).LimitationsThis study examined only community-dwelling older adults. The results, therefore, should not be generalized to other patient populations.ConclusionThe mGES is a reliable and valid measure of confidence in walking among community-dwelling older adults.

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Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change of the Contextual Memory Test in older adults with and without mild cognitive impairment

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0236654 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. e0236654

Author(s):

Wan-wen Liao ◽

Ching-yi Wu ◽

Chien-Hsiou Liu ◽

Szu-hung Lin ◽

Hui-Yan Chiau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Memory Test ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Contextual Memory ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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Test-Retest Reliability and Minimal Detectable Change of the Instrumented Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction on Balance in Healthy, Older Adults

Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy ◽

10.1519/jpt.0000000000000274 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽

Author(s):

Seth Watson ◽

Elaine Trudelle-Jackson

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Sensory Interaction ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Test Retest Reliability

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Test-Retest Reliability, Validity, and Minimal Detectable Change of the Balance Evaluation Systems Test to Assess Balance in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis

International Journal of MS Care ◽

10.7224/1537-2073.2016-118 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 231-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Kathryn D. Mitchell ◽

Han Chen ◽

Sheri P. Silfies

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Fear Of Falling ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Berg Balance Scale ◽

Minimal Detectable Change ◽

Detectable Change ◽

Balance Performance ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Evaluation Systems ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background: Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) have balance deficits that result in falls. Balance tests developed for older adults do not discriminate between fallers and nonfallers with MS. The Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest) identifies body systems contributing to imbalance/fall risk. This study evaluated the test-retest reliability and construct validity of the BESTest to assess balance in individuals with MS, compared the diagnostic accuracy of the BESTest and Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and investigated the minimal detectable change of the BESTest in this population. Methods: Twenty individuals with MS were recruited. Age, onset of disease, and fall history were obtained. The following measures were used: Expanded Disability Status Scale, University of Illinois at Chicago Fear of Falling Measure, BESTest, and BBS. Twelve participants were retested to determine test-retest reliability of the BESTest. Results: The BESTest demonstrated strong test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [3,1] = 0.98 [95% CI, 0.91–0.99], P = .01) and was highly correlated with the BBS (r = 0.94, P = .01). The BBS had poor accuracy to identify fallers. Using a score of 81%, the BESTest had moderate sensitivity (0.89) to identify fallers. The standard error of the measurement for the BESTest was 4.16 points, which translates into a minimal detectable change of 9.7% [90% CI] to 11.5% [95% CI]. Conclusions: The BESTest demonstrates excellent test-retest reliability and diagnostic utility as a measure of functional balance in persons with moderate MS. A change in BESTest score of at least 10% may indicate a true change in balance performance in this population.

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Reliability and Validity of Responses to Submaximal All-Extremity Semirecumbent Exercise in Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.15.2.184 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 184-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marissa E. Mendelsohn ◽

Denise M. Connelly ◽

Tom J. Overend ◽

Robert J. Petrella

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Submaximal Exercise ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Clinical Settings ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Exercise Mode ◽

Three Stages ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

Although popular in clinical settings, little is known about the utility of all-extremity semirecumbent exercise machines for research. Twenty-one community-dwelling older adults performed two exercise trials (three 4-min stages at increasing workloads) to evaluate the reliability and validity of exercise responses to submaximal all-extremity semirecumbent exercise (BioStep). Exercise responses were measured directly (Cosmed K4b2) and indirectly through software on the BioStep. Test–retest reliability (ICC2,1) was moderate to high across all three stages for directly measured METs (.92, .87, and .88) and HR (.91, .83, and .86). Concurrent criterion validity between the K4b2and BioStep MET values was moderate to very good across the three stages on both Day 1 (r= .86, .71, and .83) and Day 2 (r= .73, .87, and .72). All-extremity semirecumbent submaximal exercise elicited reliable and valid responses in our sample of older adults and thus can be considered a viable exercise mode.

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Psychometric Properties of the High-Need Community-Dwelling Older Adults Screening Scale

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211036812 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110368

Author(s):

Kuei-Min Chen ◽

Meng-Chin Chen ◽

Hui-Fen Hsu ◽

Frank Belcastro ◽

Wei-Yun Chang

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Factor Analysis ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Test Retest Reliability ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽

Screening Scale

This study aimed to verify the factorial structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant validity of the High-need Community-dwelling Older Adults Screening Scale (HCOASS). A 20-item HCOASS covering five domains was used with a systematic random sample of 818 community-dwelling older adults. After the analyses, the Exploratory Factor Analysis suggested a removal of two items, resulting in 5 domains with 18 items, and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis yielded satisfactory results with Goodness of Fit Index of .98. The HCOASS demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson Formula 20 α = .75) and excellent test-retest reliability (0.94; 95% CI [0.91, 0.97]). The area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.90 (95% CI [0.84, 0.95]) and the optimal cut-off score was 4/5. The HCOASS is a valid and reliable screening tool. It has the potential for consistent and efficient administration to be used by non-healthcare professionals in the community.

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