Metabolic Profile and Performance Responses During Two Consecutive Sessions of Sprint Interval Training

The physiological and exercise performance adaptations to sprint interval training (SIT) may be modified by dietary nitrate ([Formula: see text]) supplementation. However, it is possible that different types of [Formula: see text] supplementation evoke divergent physiological and performance adaptations to SIT. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 4-wk SIT with and without concurrent dietary [Formula: see text] supplementation administered as either [Formula: see text]-rich beetroot juice (BR) or potassium [Formula: see text] (KNO3). Thirty recreationally active subjects completed a battery of exercise tests before and after a 4-wk intervention in which they were allocated to one of three groups: 1) SIT undertaken without dietary [Formula: see text] supplementation (SIT); 2) SIT accompanied by concurrent BR supplementation (SIT + BR); or 3) SIT accompanied by concurrent KNO3 supplementation (SIT + KNO3). During severe-intensity exercise, V̇o2peak and time to task failure were improved to a greater extent with SIT + BR than SIT and SIT + KNO3 ( P < 0.05). There was also a greater reduction in the accumulation of muscle lactate at 3 min of severe-intensity exercise in SIT + BR compared with SIT + KNO3 ( P < 0.05). Plasma [Formula: see text] concentration fell to a greater extent during severe-intensity exercise in SIT + BR compared with SIT and SIT + KNO3 ( P < 0.05). There were no differences between groups in the reduction in the muscle phosphocreatine recovery time constant from pre- to postintervention ( P > 0.05). These findings indicate that 4-wk SIT with concurrent BR supplementation results in greater exercise capacity adaptations compared with SIT alone and SIT with concurrent KNO3 supplementation. This may be the result of greater NO-mediated signaling in SIT + BR compared with SIT + KNO3. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We compared the influence of different forms of dietary nitrate supplementation on the physiological and performance adaptations to sprint interval training (SIT). Compared with SIT alone, supplementation with nitrate-rich beetroot juice, but not potassium [Formula: see text], enhanced some physiological adaptations to training.

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Divergent serum metabolomic, skeletal muscle signalling, transcriptomic and performance adaptations to fasted versus whey protein-fed sprint interval training

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00265.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Tom P Aird ◽

Andrew J Farquharson ◽

Kate M Bermingham ◽

Aifric O'Sullivan ◽

Janice E Drew ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Mrna Expression ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Interval Training ◽

Sprint Interval Training ◽

Metabolic Adaptations ◽

Protein Ingestion ◽

And Performance ◽

Exercise Induced

Sprint interval training (SIT) is a time efficient alternative to endurance exercise, conferring beneficial skeletal muscle metabolic adaptations. Current literature has investigated the nutritional regulation of acute and chronic exercise-induced metabolic adaptations in muscle following endurance exercise, principally comparing the impact of training in fasted and carbohydrate-fed (CHO) conditions. Alternative strategies such as exercising in low CHO, protein-fed conditions remain poorly characterised, specifically pertaining to adaptations associated with SIT. Thus, this study aimed to compare the metabolic and performance adaptations to acute and short term SIT in the fasted state with pre-exercise hydrolysed (WPH) or concentrate (WPC) whey protein supplementation. In healthy males, pre-exercise protein ingestion did not alter exercise-induced increases in PGC-1α, PDK4, SIRT1, and PPAR-δ mRNA expression following acute SIT. However, supplementation of WPC and WPH beneficially altered acute exercise-induced SIRT4 and CD36 mRNA expression, respectively. Pre-exercise protein ingestion attenuated acute exercise-induced increases in muscle pan-acetylation, and PARP1 protein content compared with fasted SIT. Acute serum metabolomic differences confirmed greater pre-exercise amino acid delivery in protein-fed compared with fasted conditions. Following 3 weeks of SIT, training-induced increases in mitochondrial enzymatic activity and exercise performance were similar across nutritional groups. Interestingly, resting muscle acetylation status was favourably regulated in WPH conditions following training. Such findings suggest pre-exercise WPC and WPH ingestion positively influences metabolic adaptations to SIT compared to fasted training, resulting in either similar or enhanced performance adaptations. Future studies investigating nutritional modulation of metabolic adaptations to exercise are warranted to build upon these novel findings.

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Sprint Interval Training Improves Aerobic and Anaerobic Power in Trained Female Futsal Players

International Journal of Kinesiology and Sports Science ◽

10.7575/aiac.ijkss.v.5n.2p.43 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Fatemeh Beyranvand

Keyword(s):

Power Output ◽

Anaerobic Power ◽

Interval Training ◽

Peak Power Output ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprint Interval Training ◽

Mean Power ◽

Short Period ◽

Wide Range ◽

And Performance

Background: Various sprint interval training (SIT) programs have been used with athletes from a wide range of sports to evaluate its effects on physiological and performance adaptations. However, information regarding the effect of a short period of SIT on physiological adaptations of trained female futsal players is limited. Objective: This study evaluated the influence of sport specific SIT on anaerobic power and aerobic power in trained female futsal players. Method: Several aspects of V̇O2max and Wingate-based power were measured after SIT program performed for 4 weeks. Following pre-test, 16 trained female futsal players (V̇O2max = 41.21 ± 3.35 ml.kg-1.min-1) were randomized to either an intense exercise training consisting of sets of 5×40 meter maximum sprint efforts interspersed by a 10-second rest between sprints (3,4,5,6 sets/session from 1st to 4th week respectively with 3 minutes of recovery between sets), performed two sessions a week over 4 weeks (n=8) or a usual training control group (n=8). Results: Significant (except as shown) improvements (p < 0.05) after SIT were seen in: V̇O2max (5.8%), vV̇O2max (6%), V̇O2/HR (6.5%), peak power output (PPO) (7.6%), and mean power output (MPO) (14.9%), but no significant change was found in Heart rate at V̇O2max. Also, no significant enhancement in mentioned variables was found in the CON group. Conclusion: Present results indicate 4 weeks of sprint interval training program with low volume is associated with improvements in V̇O2max, vV̇O2max, V̇O2/HR, PPO, and MPO in trained female futsal players.

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