Profile of Weekly Training Load in Elite Male Professional Basketball Players

Purpose: Games-based drills (GBD) are the predominant form of training stimulus prescribed to male and female basketball players. Despite being readily manipulated during GBD, the impact of defensive strategy on the sex-specific demands of GBD remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantify and compare the heart-rate (HR) responses experienced during 5v5 GBD using different defensive strategies (man-to-man defense vs zone defense [ZD] formations) according to player sex. Method: HR was recorded in 11 professional male and 10 professional female basketball players while performing 5v5 GBD with different defensive strategies (man-to-man defense or ZD). HR-based training load was also calculated using the summated heart-rate zones model. Results: During man-to-man defense, mean HR (), relative time (in percentage) spent working at 90% to 100% maximal HR (), and summated heart-rate zones () were greater (P < .05) in female players compared with males. During ZD, higher (P < .01) peak HR (), mean HR (), relative and absolute (in minutes) time spent working at 80% to 89% maximal HR ( and .03, respectively) and 90% to 100% maximal HR ( and .09, respectively), and summated heart-rate zones () were observed in female players compared with males. Conclusions: The defensive strategy employed during 5v5 full-court GBD influences HR responses and training load differently according to sex, where female players experience higher HR responses than males, especially when ZD are adopted. Basketball coaching staff can use these findings for the precise manipulation of team defenses during GBD to elicit desired cardiovascular stress on players.

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Perceived Training Load, Muscle Soreness, Stress, Fatigue, and Sleep Quality in Professional Basketball: A Full Season Study

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2019-0002 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 199-207 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽

Bruno Mendes ◽

Sarah da Glória Teles Bredt ◽

Gibson Moreira Praça ◽

André Silvério ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Muscle Soreness ◽

Training Session ◽

Training Load ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Professional Basketball ◽

Moderate Effect ◽

Stress Fatigue

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the perceived training load (session-RPE) and wellness status (muscle soreness, stress, fatigue, and sleep quality) within and between regular (one-match) and congested (two matches) weeks. Fifteen professional basketball players from a European First league club participated in this study. Wellness status (Hooper’s questionnaire) and perceived training loads (session-RPE) were measured for each training session and matches over a full season. Regular weeks presented moderately greater session-RPE than congested weeks (p = 0.201; d = 2.15, moderate effect). Both regular and congested weeks presented a decrease in perceived training load before matches, which was accompanied by improved wellness status on a match day. Congested weeks presented moderately lower sleep quality (p = 0.421; d = 1.320, moderate effect) and moderately greater fatigue (p = 0.468; d = 1.401, moderate effect) than regular weeks. Regular and congested weeks presented minimum differences for DOMS and stress. Lower wellness in congested weeks may be associated to an accumulative effect of training and match loads. Tapering phases before matches seem to play an important role for improving athletes’ wellness and preventing overtraining.

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The effects of defensive style and final game outcome on the external training load of professional basketball players

Biology of Sport ◽

10.5114/biolsport.2021.101124 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Castillo ◽

Javier Raya-González ◽

Filipe Clemente ◽

Daniele Conte ◽

Alejandro Rodríguez-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Training Load ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Professional Basketball ◽

Game Outcome ◽

External Training ◽

Defensive Style

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Differences in Weekly Load Distribution Over Two Euroleague Seasons with a Different Head Coach

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17082812 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (8) ◽

pp. 2812

Author(s):

Hugo Salazar ◽

Luka Svilar ◽

Ane Aldalur-Soto ◽

Julen Castellano

Keyword(s):

External Load ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Management Program ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Load Management ◽

Head Coach ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Professional Basketball ◽

Coaching Strategies ◽

Weekly Training

The weekly training management and competition loads are important aspects to optimize the performance of professional basketball players. The objectives of the study were (a) to describe the weekly external load (EL), as well as the internal response (IR), of elite basketball players over two consecutive seasons with a different head coach and (b) to compare weekly loads of different competitive densities. The data were collected from 27 elite players from the same team competing in the Spanish first division league (ACB) and EuroLeague during 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 seasons. EL was measured using microsensor technology to determine PlayerLoad values, expressed in arbitrary units (AU). Session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE) was used for IR quantification. Comparisons between the two seasons and of weeks with different competitive densities were made. The inter-week load variability was moderate-high for both seasons. The highest EL values were measured during the weeks with three games (W3) (W3 > W0 > W2 > W1), while the most demanding week for players’ IR was observed during weeks with no competition (W0). Additionally, higher EL (d = 0.31) and IR (d = 0.37) values were observed in season 2018–2019 compared to 2017–2018. The results obtained in this study contributed new data on the internal and external load required by professional basketball players in weeks with different number of games and showed that different coaching strategies may demand a different external and internal workload in consecutive seasons. Furthermore, the results highlighted the need to carry out an adequate load management program.

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The Relationship Between Training Load and Injury in Men’s Professional Basketball

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2016-0726 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 1238-1242 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Kaitlyn J. Weiss ◽

Sian V. Allen ◽

Mike R. McGuigan ◽

Chris S. Whatman

Keyword(s):

Regression Model ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Training Load ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Self Report ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Professional Basketball ◽

Trauma Research ◽

Mean Differences ◽

The Relationship

Purpose:To establish the relationship between the acute:chronic workload ratio and lower-extremity overuse injuries in professional basketball players over the course of a competitive season. Methods:The acute:chronic workload ratio was determined by calculating the sum of the current week’s session rating of perceived exertion of training load (acute load) and dividing it by the average weekly training load over the previous 4 wk (chronic load). All injuries were recorded weekly using a self-report injury questionnaire (Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center Injury Questionnaire20). Workload ratios were modeled against injury data using a logistic-regression model with unique intercepts for each player. Results:Substantially fewer team members were injured after workload ratios of 1 to 1.49 (36%) than with very low (≤0.5; 54%), low (0.5–0.99; 51%), or high (≥1.5; 59%) workload ratios. The regression model provided unique workload–injury trends for each player, but all mean differences in likelihood of being injured between workload ratios were unclear. Conclusions:Maintaining workload ratios of 1 to 1.5 may be optimal for athlete preparation in professional basketball. An individualized approach to modeling and monitoring the training load–injury relationship, along with a symptom-based injury-surveillance method, should help coaches and performance staff with individualized training-load planning and prescription and with developing athlete-specific recovery and rehabilitation strategies.

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The Business End of the Season: A Comparison Between Playoff and Regular-Season Workloads in Professional Basketball Players

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance ◽

10.1123/ijspp.2020-0405 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Davide Ferioli ◽

Aaron T. Scanlan ◽

Daniele Conte ◽

Emanuele Tibiletti ◽

Ermanno Rampinini

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Significant Interaction ◽

Perceived Exertion ◽

Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽

Effect Sizes ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Professional Basketball ◽

Weekly Training ◽

Exploratory Investigation ◽

Repeated Measures Analysis

Purpose: To quantify and compare the internal workloads experienced during the playoffs and regular season in basketball. Methods: A total of 10 professional male basketball players competing in the Italian first division were monitored during the final 6 weeks of the regular season and the entire 6-week playoff phase. Internal workload was quantified using the session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) method for all training sessions and games. A 2-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (day type × period) was utilized to assess differences in daily s-RPE between game days, days within 24 hours of games, and days >24 hours from games during the playoffs and regular season. Comparisons in weekly training, game, and total workloads were made between the playoffs and regular season using paired t tests and effect sizes. Results: A significant interaction between day and competitive period for s-RPE was found (P = .003, moderate). Lower s-RPE was apparent during playoff and regular-season days within 24 hours of games than all other days (P < .001, very large). Furthermore, s-RPE across days >24 hours from playoff games was different than all other days (P ≤ .01, moderate–very large). Weekly training (P = .009, very large) and total (P < .001, moderate) s-RPE were greater during the regular season than playoffs, whereas weekly game s-RPE was greater during the playoffs than the regular season (P < .001, very large). Conclusions: This study presents an exploratory investigation of internal workload during the playoffs in professional basketball. Players experienced greater training and total weekly workloads during the regular season than during the playoffs with similar daily game workloads between periods.

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Relationships between wellness status and perceived training load on daily and weekly bases over a basketball season

Kinesiology ◽

10.26582/k.52.1.18 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 151-156

Author(s):

Filipe Manuel Clemente ◽

Sarah Glória Teles Bredt ◽

Gibson Moreira Praça ◽

Emanuel Duarte ◽

Bruno Mendes

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Physiological Response ◽

Muscle Soreness ◽

Training Session ◽

Training Load ◽

Basketball Players ◽

Professional Basketball ◽

Delayed Onset ◽

Stress Fatigue ◽

The Impact

This study aimed to determine the relationships between internal training load (session-RPE) and wellness status (delayed onset muscle soreness – DOMS, stress, fatigue, and sleep quality) on both daily and weekly bases over a basketball season. Fifteen professional basketball players provided their wellness status and perceived training load for all training sessions and matches over a season. Daily correlations were based on the perceived load of a training session/match and the wellness status rated on the following day (before the next session). Weekly correlations were based on the sum of all ratings of the week for each variable. Results showed that DOMS and fatigue presented higher correlations with session-RPE than stress and sleep quality on both daily and weekly analyses. Daily measures presented small-to-moderate correlations between the perceived training load and wellness categories over the months. Weekly correlations increased (moderate-tolarge) for all wellness categories, except for stress. We concluded that DOMS and fatigue are more associated to session-RPE than stress and sleep quality in professional basketball players. Weekly analyses may help coaches to better understand the impact of training load on athletes’ physical wellness (DOMS and fatigue), possibly due to a delayed physiological response to training load.

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