Performance Evaluation of Chip Seals for Higher Volume Roads Using Polymer-Modified Emulsions: Laboratory and Field Study in North Carolina

AbstractLife span bias potentially alters species abundance in death assemblages through the overrepresentation of short-lived organisms compared with their long-lived counterparts. Although previous work found that life span bias did not contribute significantly to live–dead discordance in bivalve assemblages, life span bias better explained discordance in two groups: longer-lived bivalve species and species with known life spans. More studies using local, rather than global, species-wide life spans and mortality rates would help to determine the prevalence of life span bias, especially for long-lived species with known life spans. Here, we conducted a field study at two sites in North Carolina to assess potential life span bias between Mercenaria mercenaria and Chione elevata, two long-lived bivalve species that can be aged directly. We compared the ability of directly measured local life spans with that of regional and global life spans to predict live–dead discordance between these two species. The shorter-lived species (C. elevata) was overrepresented in the death assemblage compared with its live abundance, and local life span data largely predicted the amount of live–dead discordance; local life spans predicted 43% to 88% of discordance. Furthermore, the global maximum life span for M. mercenaria resulted in substantial overpredictions of discordance (1.4 to 1.6 times the observed live–dead discordance). The results of this study suggest that life span bias should be considered as a factor affecting proportional abundances of species in death assemblages and that using life span estimates appropriate to the study locality improves predictions of discordance based on life span compared with using global life span estimates.

Download Full-text

Three-dimensional profiler for performance evaluation of chip seals

Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction ◽

10.1201/9780429457791-140 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 579-582

Author(s):

Satyavati Komaragiri ◽

Angelo Filonzi ◽

Ramez Hajj ◽

Amit Bhasin ◽

Arash Motamed

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Chip Seals

Download Full-text

Evaluation of the Magnesium Soil Test Interpretation for Peanuts1

Peanut Science ◽

10.3146/i0095-3679-19-2-16 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 126-131 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. P. Schmidt ◽

F. R. Cox

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Field Study ◽

Surface Soil ◽

Yield Response ◽

Similar Data ◽

Plant Analysis ◽

Mg Deficiency ◽

Arachis Hypogaea L ◽

Fertilizer Recommendations ◽

Peanut Production

Abstract Decreasing concentrations of extractable Mg in soils of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) production regions of North Carolina have resulted in increased Mg fertilizer recommendations. There is little soil or plant criteria, however, on which to base Mg deficiency. The objective of this study was to determine the yield and Mg status of peanuts relative to the level of soil Mg. Five counties were surveyed for leaf and soil data in 1989–90. Similar data were available from nine counties in 1970–72. A field experiment was also conducted in 1989–90 in an on-going lime and Mg study. Although the 1990 survey data suggested that phosphogypsum usage during the last decade may be reducing Mg levels in the surface soil, leaf Mg was almost invariably above 2.0 g kg-1 for both surveys, reflecting adequate amounts of soil Mg according to current plant analysis standards. In the field study, prior lime and Mg treatments resulted in soil Mg ranging from 0.02 to 0.25 cmolc L-1, but there was no yield response that could be related directly to Mg. Leaf Mg was positively correlated to surface soil Mg, and inclusion of subsoil Mg slightly improved this relationship. The data from these studies indicated that sufficient leaf Mg (above 2.0 g kg-1) was attained when surface soil Mg was as low as 0.06 cmolc L-1 or as low as 3 percent of the CEC. We feel these estimates of the soil Mg critical level for peanut production are high, as there was not a Mg deficiency with leaf Mg as low as 1.5 g kg-1 in the field study.

Download Full-text

Performance Appraisal Systems, Productivity, and Motivation: A Case Study

Public Personnel Management ◽

10.1177/009102600203100202 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 141-159 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Bonnie G. Mani

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Performance Evaluation ◽

Performance Appraisal ◽

Evaluation System ◽

Performance Evaluation System ◽

Reliable Performance ◽

Appraisal Systems ◽

East Carolina University

One would expect a valid, reliable performance evaluation system to give employees and managers data about employees' strengths and needs for development. If these data are used to reinforce employees' strengths and to plan and provide developmental assignments in areas of need, then one might also expect improvements in morale, motivation, and productivity. This paper explores employees' and administrators' perceptions of a system with these goals, a system specifically designed to appraise performance of North Carolina “Subject to the Personnel Act” (SPA) employees at East Carolina University. The data show that a large proportion of employees, but no supervisors, are dissatisfied with the system; that neither the number of subordinates nor the time spent evaluating employees under the system affects supervisors' satisfaction with the system; and that employees' perceptions of the fairness of the system is related to trust and satisfaction with their supervisors but not with compliance with the program's procedures. Although various factors motivate employees and supervisors, pay is very important. So the legislature's failure to appropriate funds to reward employees who excel undermines the system's effectiveness. There is a need for further research to explore the relationships between employees' ratings and their race and sex. Introduction

Download Full-text