Behavioral and Molecular Genetic Contributions to a Dimensional Classification of Personality Disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. John Livesley
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Genetic Contributions

scholarly journals ICD-11 Personality Disorders: A Psychodynamic Perspective on Personality Functioning

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Blüml ◽  
Stephan Doering
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Object Relations Theory ◽  
Personality Functioning ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Data Points

The new ICD-11 introduces a fully dimensional classification of personality disorders representing a fundamental change in personality disorder diagnosis with major implications for clinical practice and research. The new system centers on the evaluation of the severity of impairment in the areas of self and interpersonal functioning. This focus on personality functioning converges with long-standing psychoanalytic/psychodynamic conceptualizations of personality pathology. In a detailed conceptual analysis and review of existing empirical data, points of convergence and notable differences between major exponents of the psychodynamic tradition—object relations theory as developed by Kernberg et al. and the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis—and the ICD-11 system are critically discussed. Personality functioning can be considered to be the current “common ground” for the assessment of personality disorders and constitutes a considerable step forward in making personality disorder diagnosis both clinically meaningful and suitable for research purposes.

An integrative dimensional classification of personality disorder.

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
W. John Livesley ◽  
Lee Anna Clark
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Dimensional Classification

Diagnoses, Dimensions, and DSM-5

2010 ◽  
pp. 254-279
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Widiger ◽  
Maryanne Edmundson
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Diagnosis And Classification

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition (DSM-III) is often said to have provided a significant paradigm shift in how psychopathology is diagnosed. The authors of DSM-5 have the empirical support and the opportunity to lead the field of psychiatry to a comparably bold new future in diagnosis and classification. The purpose of this chapter is to address the validity of the categorical and dimensional models for the classification and diagnosis of psychopathology. Considered in particular will be research concerning substance use disorders, mood disorders, and personality disorders. Limitations and concerns with respect to a dimensional classification of psychopathology are also considered. The chapter concludes with a recommendation for a conversion to a more quantitative, dimensional classification of psychopathology.

scholarly journals Towards a contemporary approach for understanding personality pathology in developmental context: An integrative model

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Melody R. Altschuler ◽  
Robert F. Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Research Domain Criteria ◽  
Developmental Context ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Developmental Theories ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Research Domain

Abstract Traditional categorical approaches to classifying personality disorders are limited in important ways, leading to a shift in the field to dimensional approaches to conceptualizing personality pathology. Different areas of psychology – personality, developmental, and psychopathology – can be leveraged to understand personality pathology by examining its structure, development, and underlying mechanisms. However, an integrative model that encompasses these distinct lines of inquiry has not yet been proposed. In order to address this gap, we review the latest evidence for dimensional classification of personality disorders based on structural models of maladaptive personality traits, provide an overview of developmental theories of pathological personality, and summarize the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative, which seeks to understand underlying mechanisms of psychopathology. We conclude by proposing an integrative model of personality pathology development that aims to elucidate the developmental pathways of personality pathology and its underlying mechanisms.

scholarly journals Autoinflammatory Features in Gouty Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1880
Author(s):  
Paola Galozzi ◽  
Sara Bindoli ◽  
Andrea Doria ◽  
Francesca Oliviero ◽  
Paolo Sfriso
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Inflammatory Arthritis ◽  
Important Implication ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Therapeutic Options ◽  
Monosodium Urate ◽  
Inflammatory Pathways ◽  
Genetic Contributions

In the panorama of inflammatory arthritis, gout is the most common and studied disease. It is known that hyperuricemia and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced inflammation provoke crystal deposits in joints. However, since hyperuricemia alone is not sufficient to develop gout, molecular-genetic contributions are necessary to better clinically frame the disease. Herein, we review the autoinflammatory features of gout, from clinical challenges and differential diagnosis, to the autoinflammatory mechanisms, providing also emerging therapeutic options available for targeting the main inflammatory pathways involved in gout pathogenesis. This has important implication as treating the autoinflammatory aspects and not only the dysmetabolic side of gout may provide an effective and safer alternative for patients even in the prevention of possible gouty attacks.

scholarly journals UV Spectral Classification of B Stars

1985 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 411-413
Author(s):  
Janet Rountree ◽  
George Sonneborn ◽  
Robert J. Panek
Keyword(s):  
Classification System ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
Early Type ◽  
B Stars ◽  
Dimensional Classification ◽  
Early Type Stars ◽  
Comprehensive Classification

Previous studies of ultraviolet spectral classification have been insufficient to establish a comprehensive classification system for ultraviolet spectra of early-type stars because of inadequate spectral resolution. We have initiated a new study of ultraviolet spectral classification of B stars using high-dispersion IUE archival data. High-dispersion SWP spectra of MK standards and other B stars are retrieved from the IUE archives and numerically degraded to a uniform resolution of 0.25 or 0.50 Å. The spectra (in the form of plots or photowrites) are then visually examined with the aim of setting up a two-dimensional classification matrix. We follow the method used to create the MK classification system for visual spectra. The purpose of this work is to examine the applicability of the MK system (and in particular, the set of standard stars) in the ultraviolet, and to establish classification criteria in this spectral region.

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