scholarly journals ATP-activated channels in rat and bullfrog sensory neurons: current- voltage relation and single-channel behavior

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
BP Bean ◽  
CA Williams ◽  
PW Ceelen
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Neurons ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

scholarly journals Modeling Macroscopic Currents of Ion Channels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wu
Keyword(s):  
Open Channel ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Ion Permeation ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Boltzmann Model ◽  
Channel Properties ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

Ion-channel functions are often studied by the current-voltage relation, which is commonly fitted by the Boltzmann equation, a powerful model widely used nowadays. However, the Boltzmann model is restricted to a two-state ion-permeation process. Here we present an improved model that comprises a flexible number of states and incorporates both the single-channel conductance and the open-channel probability. Employing the channel properties derived from the single-channel recording experiments, the proposed model is able to describe various current-voltage relations, especially the reversal ion-permeation curves showing the inward- and outward-rectifications. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed model using the published patch-clamp data of BK and MthK potassium channels, and discuss the similarity of the two channels based on the model studies.

scholarly journals Block of the cyclic GMP-gated channel of vertebrate rod and cone photoreceptors by l-cis-diltiazem.

1992 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
L W Haynes
Keyword(s):  
Binding Site ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Inward Rectification ◽  
Pipette Solution ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Voltage Dependent ◽  
Extracellular Side ◽  
Current Voltage Relation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Side

Inside-out patches were excised from catfish rod or cone outer segments. Single channel and macroscopic currents were recorded from GMP-gated channels activated by 1 mM cGMP in low divalent buffered saline. Currents were blocked by the application of micromolar concentrations of l-cis-diltiazem to the cytoplasmic side of the patch. The concentration dependence of block indicated that a single molecule was sufficient to block a channel and that all channels were susceptible to block. The dissociation constant for the rod channel was an order of magnitude smaller than for the cone channel, but the voltage dependence of block was nearly identical. The macroscopic current-voltage relation in the presence of blocker was inwardly rectifying and superficially resembled voltage-dependent block by an impermeant blocker occluding the ion-conducting pore of the channel. Block by diltiazem acting from the extracellular side of the channel was investigated by including 5 microM diltiazem in the recording pipette solution. The macroscopic current-voltage relation again showed inward rectification, inconsistent with the idea that diltiazem acts by occluding the pore at the external side. The kinetics of block by diltiazem applied to the intra- and extracellular side were measured in cone patches containing only a single channel. The unbinding rates were similar in both cases, suggesting a single binding site. Differences in the binding rate were consistent with greater accessibility to the binding site from the cytoplasmic side. Block from the cytoplasmic side was independent of pH, suggesting that the state of ionization of diltiazem was not related to its ability to block the channel in a voltage-dependent fashion. These observations are inconsistent with a pore-occluding blocker, but could be explained if the hydrophobic portion of diltiazem partitioned into the hydrophobic core of the channel protein, perhaps altering the gating of the channel.

Pathways of HERG inactivation

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. H199-H210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johann Kiehn ◽  
Antonio E. Lacerda ◽  
Arthur M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Xenopus Oocytes ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Inward Rectification ◽  
Single Channels ◽  
Channel Current ◽  
Cardiac Action ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Inwardly Rectifying ◽  
Channel Properties ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

The rapid, repolarizing K+ current in cardiomyocytes ( I Kr) has unique inwardly rectifying properties that contribute importantly to the downstroke of the cardiac action potential. The human ether-à-go-go-related gene ( HERG) expresses a macroscopic current virtually identical to I Kr, but a description of the single-channel properties that cause rectification is lacking. For this reason we measured single-channel and macropatch currents heterologously expressed by HERG in Xenopus oocytes. Our experiments had two main findings. First, the single-channel current-voltage relation showed inward rectification, and conductance was 9.7 pS at −100 mV and 3.9 pS at 100 mV when measured in symmetrical 100 mM K+ solutions. Second, single channels frequently showed no openings during depolarization but nevertheless revealed bursts of openings during repolarization. This type of gating may explain the inward rectification of HERG currents. To test this hypothesis, we used a three-closed state kinetics model and obtained rate constants from fits to macropatch data. Results from the model are consistent with rapid inactivation from closed states as a significant source of HERG rectification.

scholarly journals Lack of negative slope in I-V plots for BK channels at positive potentials in the absence of intracellular blockers

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Geng ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Karl L. Magleby
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Bk Channels ◽  
Negative Slope ◽  
Channel Conductance ◽  
Single Channel Conductance ◽  
Linear Current ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Α Subunits

Large-conductance, voltage- and Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channels display near linear current–voltage (I-V) plots for voltages between −100 and +100 mV, with an increasing sublinearity for more positive potentials. As is the case for many types of channels, BK channels are blocked at positive potentials by intracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+. This fast block progressively reduces single-channel conductance with increasing voltage, giving rise to a negative slope in the I-V plots beyond about +120 mV, depending on the concentration of the blockers. In contrast to these observations of pronounced differences in the magnitudes and shapes of I-V plots in the absence and presence of intracellular blockers, Schroeder and Hansen (2007. J. Gen. Physiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.200709802) have reported identical I-V plots in the absence and presence of blockers for BK channels, with both plots having reduced conductance and negative slopes, as expected for blockers. Schroeder and Hansen included both Ca2+ and Mg2+ in the intracellular solution rather than a single blocker, and they also studied BK channels expressed from α plus β1 subunits, whereas most previous studies used only α subunits. Although it seems unlikely that these experimental differences would account for the differences in findings between previous studies and those of Schroeder and Hansen, we repeated the experiments using BK channels comprised of α plus β1 subunits with joint application of 2.5 mM Ca2+ plus 2.5 mM Mg2+, as Schroeder and Hansen did. In contrast to the findings of Schroeder and Hansen of identical I-V plots, we found marked differences in the single-channel I-V plots in the absence and presence of blockers. Consistent with previous studies, we found near linear I-V plots in the absence of blockers and greatly reduced currents and negative slopes in the presence of blockers. Hence, studies of conductance mechanisms for BK channels should exclude intracellular Ca2+/Mg2+, as they can reduce conductance and induce negative slopes.

Current‐voltage relation in a time‐dependent diode

1985 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Kadish ◽  
William Peter ◽  
Michael E. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Time Dependent ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

ATP-activated chloride channel inhibited by an antibody to P glycoprotein

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (4) ◽  
pp. C1095-C1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Zhang ◽  
T. J. Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Disulfonic Acid ◽  
Fiber Cells ◽  
Cl Channel ◽  
P Glycoprotein ◽  
Voltage Curve ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Single Channel Activity ◽  
Current Voltage Curve

In this report, we present the characteristics of a Cl- channel found in lens fiber cells. The single channel has a conductance of 17 pS, a linear current-voltage curve, is activated by ATP or strong depolarization and is blocked by verapamil, quinidine, 4,4'-diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid, 5-nitro-2-(3- phenylpropylamino)benzoate, dideoxyforskolin, and tamoxifen. These properties are similar to those reported for a volume-activated Cl- channel associated with the multidrug resistance (MDR) gene product, P glycoprotein (24). Confirming this connection, we demonstrate that our lens Cl- channel is inhibited by an antibody to P glycoprotein. The data we present here may, therefore, be the first characterization of the single channel activity of the Cl- channel associated with P glycoprotein.

Nucleotide receptors activate cation, potassium, and chloride currents in a liver cell line

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. G544-G553 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Fitz ◽  
A. H. Sostman
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Receptors ◽  
Chloride Currents ◽  
Whole Cell Patch Clamp ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Htc Cells ◽  
Sequential Activation ◽  
Initial Activation ◽  
K Permeability ◽  
Current Voltage Relation ◽  
Sustained Activation

By use of whole cell patch-clamp techniques, the effects of extracellular ATP on membrane ion currents of HTC cells from a rat liver tumor line were evaluated. ATP (500 microM) or the nonhydrolyzable analogue adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) caused sequential activation of three currents: Icat (-1,325 +/- 255 pA at -80 mV) occurred early, was due to increased Na+ and K+ permeability, was present in 56% of 64 consecutive cells, and rapidly inactivated; IK (274 +/- 45 pA at 0 mV) was present in 59% of cells and also inactivated; and ICl (1,172 +/- 237 pA at +60 mV) was present in 94% of studies, was sustained, and exhibited outward rectification of the current-voltage relation. All three currents were present in 39% of cells. Increasing intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by exposure to the 5'-nucleotide receptor agonist UTP (500 microM) or to thapsigargin activated Icat and IK but not ICl, whereas increasing ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid in the pipette (> or = 5 mM) inhibited ATP-dependent activation of Icat and IK but not ICl. A P2x-preferring agonist alpha, beta-methylene ATP (500 microM) did not activate currents; a P2y-preferring agonist 2-methylthioadenosine triphosphate activated Icat and IK at concentrations of 500 microM but not 50 microM. In perforated patch recordings, ATP produced triphasic changes in membrane potential with initial depolarization due to Icat, subsequent hyperpolarization due to IK, and a later sustained depolarization due to ICl. These findings indicate that ATP modulates HTC cell ion permeability through initial activation of Icat and IK mediated by 5'-nucleotide receptors which mobilize [Ca2+], and sustained activation of ICl through a separate Ca(2+)-independent mechanism.

scholarly journals Optical control of the current-voltage relation in stacked superconductors

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Schlawin ◽  
Anastasia S. D. Dietrich ◽  
Dieter Jaksch
Keyword(s):  
Optical Control ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Current Voltage Relation

Ca(2+)-activated nonselective cation channel in apical membrane of vestibular dark cells

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (6) ◽  
pp. C1423-C1429 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Marcus ◽  
S. Takeuchi ◽  
P. Wangemann
Keyword(s):  
Single Channel ◽  
Apical Membrane ◽  
Cation Channel ◽  
Nonselective Cation Channel ◽  
Channel Activity ◽  
Dark Cells ◽  
Linear Current ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
K Secretion ◽  
Vestibular Dark Cells

Patch-clamp recordings were made on cell-attached and excised apical membrane from dark cells of the semicircular canal of the gerbil. These cells are thought to secrete K+ and absorb Na+ from the luminal fluid (endolymph). Single-channel events were identified as being equally conductive (27.6 +/- 0.4 pS; n = 48) for K+, Na+, Rb+, Li+, and Cs+ and 1.4 times more permeable to NH4+ but not permeable to Cl-, Ca2+, Ba2+, nor to N-methyl-D-glucamine. The channels displayed linear current-voltage relations that passed nearly through the origin (intercept: -2.6 +/- 0.5 mV; n = 48) when conductive monovalent cations were present on both sides of the membrane in equal concentrations. Channel activity required the presence of Ca2+ at the cytosolic face; there was no activity at less than or equal to 10(-7) M Ca2+ and full activity at greater than or equal to 10(-5) M Ca2+. Cell-attached recordings had a mean reversal voltage of -36.4 +/- 7.9 mV (n = 7), which was interpreted to reflect the intracellular potential of dark cells under the present conditions. We have identified a nonselective cation channel in the apical membrane of vestibular dark cells that might participate in K+ secretion or Na+ absorption under stimulated conditions, but the density appears to be insufficient to fully account for the transepithelial K+ flux.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document