scholarly journals Stable Isotope Characteristics for Precipitation Events and Their Responses to Moisture and Environmental Changes During the Summer Monsoon Period in Southwestern China

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 2429-2445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengcheng Xia ◽  
Guodong Liu ◽  
Ke Chen ◽  
Yue Hu ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Precipitation Events

scholarly journals Assessment of Pollution Sources and Contribution in Urban Dust Using Metal Concentrations and Multi-Isotope Ratios (13C, 207/206Pb) in a Complex Industrial Port Area, Korea

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 840
Author(s):  
Min-Seob Kim ◽  
Jee-Young Kim ◽  
Jaeseon Park ◽  
Suk-Hee Yeon ◽  
Sunkyoung Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Residential Area ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Urban Dust ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mn Ore

The metal concentrations and isotopic compositions (13C, 207/206Pb) of urban dust, topsoil, and PM10 samples were analyzed in a residential area near Donghae port, Korea, which is surrounded by various types of industrial factories and raw material stockpiled on empty land, to determine the contributions of the main pollution sources (i.e., Mn ore, Zn ore, cement, coal, coke, and topsoil). The metal concentrations of urban dust in the port and residential area were approximately 85~112 times higher (EF > 100) in comparison with the control area (EF < 2), especially the Mn and Zn ions, indicating they were mainly derived from anthropogenic source. These ions have been accumulating in urban dust for decades; furthermore, the concentration of PM10 is seven times higher than that of the control area, which means that contamination is even present. The isotopic (13C, 207/206Pb) values of the pollution sources were highly different, depending on the characteristics of each source: cement (−19.6‰, 0.8594‰), Zn ore (−24.3‰, 0.9175‰), coal (−23.6‰, 0.8369‰), coke (−27.0‰, 0.8739‰), Mn ore (−24.9‰, 0.9117‰), soil (−25.2‰, 0.7743‰). As a result of the evaluated contributions of pollution source on urban dust through the Iso-source and SIAR models using stable isotope ratios (13C, 207/206Pb), we found that the largest contribution of Mn (20.4%) and Zn (20.3%) ions are derived from industrial factories and ore stockpiles on empty land (Mn and Zn). It is suggested that there is a significant influence of dust scattered by wind from raw material stockpiles, which are stacked near ports or factories. Therefore, there is evidence to support the idea that port activities affect the air quality of residence areas in a city. Our results may indicate that metal concentrations and their stable isotope compositions can predict environmental changes and act as a powerful tool to trace the past and present pollution history in complex contexts associated with peri-urban regions.

Analytical pyrolysis and stable isotope analyses reveal past environmental changes in coralloid speleothems from Easter Island (Chile)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1461 ◽  
pp. 144-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Z. Miller ◽  
José M. De la Rosa ◽  
Nicasio T. Jiménez-Morillo ◽  
Manuel F.C. Pereira ◽  
José A González-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Easter Island ◽  
Analytical Pyrolysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Analyses ◽  
Isotope Analyses

Dietary composition of endangered seahorses determined by stable isotope analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 831 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Valladares ◽  
D. X. Soto ◽  
M. Planas
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Isotope Mixing Models ◽  
North Western

The lack of integrated measures for assessing the feeding ecology of seahorses may restrict the effectiveness of conservation actions on wild populations of worldwide threatened seahorse species. Identifying dietary sources will allow researchers to determine their degree of vulnerability to environmental changes, redefine their conservation status and apply appropriate management strategies. The resource use of the seahorse Hippocampus guttulatus inhabiting coastal waters of Galicia (north-western Iberian Peninsula) was assessed for three populations and 2 years using stable isotope mixing models. The Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR) estimated the relative contributions of the dietary sources to the seahorse diet and revealed that Caprellidea were the primary source, followed by Gammaridea and Caridea. Mysidae and Annelida represented the less dominant prey. This prey preference can be explained by the foraging behaviour of seahorses. Different contributions of Gammaridea and Caridea to the diet were found among sites, indicating different habitat characteristics and hence different habitat use by seahorses within each site. In addition, differences were encountered among sexes. Caprellidea was the dominant prey for females, whereas Gammaridea was the dominant prey for males. The findings of the present study will contribute to the knowledge of feeding patterns of H. guttulatus, providing relevant data for conservation of this endangered species.

scholarly journals First measurement of atmospheric mercury species in Qomolangma Natural Nature Preserve, Tibetan Plateau, and evidence oftransboundary pollutant invasion

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1373-1391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiming Lin ◽  
Yindong Tong ◽  
Xiufeng Yin ◽  
Qianggong Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Indian Summer Monsoon ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Mercury Species ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Nature Preserve

Abstract. Located in the world's “third pole” and a remote region connecting the Indian plate and the Eurasian plate, Qomolangma National Nature Preserve (QNNP) is an ideal region to study the long-range transport of atmospheric pollutants. In this study, gaseous elemental mercury (GEM), gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) and particle-bound mercury (PBM) were continuously measured during the Indian monsoon transition period in QNNP. A slight increase in the GEM concentration was observed from the period preceding the Indian summer monsoon (1.31±0.42 ng m−3) to the Indian summer monsoon period (1.44±0.36 ng m−3), while significant decreases were observed in the GOM and PBM concentrations, with concentrations decreasing from 35.2±18.6 to 19.3±10.9 pg m−3 (p < 0.001) for GOM and from 30.5±12.5 to 24.9±19.8 pg m−3 (p < 0.001) for PBM. A unique daily pattern was observed in QNNP with respect to the GEM concentration, with a peak value before sunrise and a low value at noon. Relative to the (low) GEM concentrations, GOM concentrations (with a mean value of 21.4±13.4 pg m−3, n=1239) in this region were relatively high compared with the measured values in some other regions of China. A cluster analysis indicated that the air masses transported to QNNP changed significantly at different stages of the monsoon, and the major potential mercury (Hg) sources shifted from northern India and western Nepal to eastern Nepal and Bangladesh. As there is a large area covered in glaciers in QNNP, local glacier winds could increase the transboundary transport of pollutants and transport polluted air masses to the Tibetan Plateau. The atmospheric Hg concentration in QNNP in the Indian summer monsoon period was influenced by transboundary Hg flows. This highlights the need for a more specific identification of Hg sources impacting QNNP and underscores the importance of international cooperation regarding global Hg controls.

scholarly journals Influence of dust and sea-salt sandwich effect on precipitation chemistry over the Western Ghats during summer monsoon

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Yang ◽  
S. Mukherjee ◽  
G. Pandithurai ◽  
V. Waghmare ◽  
P. D. Safai
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Precipitation Chemistry ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Range Transport ◽  
Wind Regimes ◽  
High Uncertainty

AbstractAssessment of Sea Salt (SS) and Non-Sea Salt (NSS) aerosols in rainwater is important to understand the characterization of marine and continental aerosols and their source pathways. Sea salt quantification based on standard seawater ratios are primarily constrained with high uncertainty with its own limitations. Here, by the novelty of k-mean clustering and Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) analysis, we segregate the air masses into two distinct clusters (oceanic and continental) during summer monsoon period signifying the complex intermingle of sources that act concomitantly. The rainwater composition during strong south-westerly wind regimes (cluster 2-oceanic) was profoundly linked with high sea salt and dust, whereas north-westerly low wind regimes (cluster 1-continental) showed an increase in SO42− and NO3−. However, SO42− abundance over NO3− in rain-water depicted its importance as a major acidifying ion at the region. The satellite-based observations indicate the presence of mid-tropospheric dust at the top (3–5 km) and marine sea salt at bottom acts as a “sandwich effect” for maritime clouds that leads to elevated Ca2+, Na+, Mg2+, and Cl− in rainwater. This characteristic feature is unique as sea spray generation due to high surface winds and dust aloft is only seen during this period. Furthermore, four source factors (secondary inorganic aerosol, mixed dust & sea salt, biomass burning & fertilizer use, and calcium neutralization) derived from PMF analysis showed contribution from local activities as well as long-range transport as dominant sources for the rainwater species.

Radiation and aerosol measurements over the Tibetan Plateau during the Asian summer monsoon period

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1543-1551
Author(s):  
Jinqiang Zhang ◽  
Xiangao Xia ◽  
Hongrong Shi ◽  
Xuemei Zong ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Monsoon Period ◽  
Asian Summer
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