When and Where the Spirit Moves You

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Anthony Hunter ◽  
Zandria F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Music ◽  
Soul Music ◽  
Black Life ◽  
And Gender

Centering the life, music, and experiences of Aretha Franklin, this chapter explores the migration stories of black women across the Black Map through the lens of soul music, the Mid-South, and during the civil rights movement. Emphasizing the importance of intersectionality, the authors highlight the role of race, place, and gender in black life and politics. Focused on the connections across space and time, this chapter demonstrates the key role black music and women of color play in the politics and migrations of black people throughout the chocolate cities.

How Brenda’s Baby Got California Love

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Anthony Hunter ◽  
Zandria F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Panther Party ◽  
Police Brutality ◽  
Black Music ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Black Life ◽  
And Gender

Centering the lives, music, and experiences of Tupac Shakur and his mother, Afeni Shakur, this chapter explores the migration stories of black people across the Black Map through the lens of hip hop music, the Black Panther Party, the Up South, Out South, and West South. Emphasizing the importance of cultural production and black music, the authors highlight the role of race, place, police brutality, and gender in black life and politics. Focused on the connections across space and time, this chapter demonstrates the key role black power politics, police brutality, and hip hop in the politics and migrations of black people throughout the chocolate cities.

The Two Ms. Johnsons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Anthony Hunter ◽  
Zandria F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
Black People ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Black Life

Centering the lives, experiences, and murders of transwomen activists Marsha P. Johnson and Duanna Johnson, this chapter explores the migration stories of black women across the Black Map. Emphasizing the importance of intersectionality, the authors highlight the role of race, gender violence, and homophobia in black life and politics. Focused on the connections across space and time, this chapter demonstrates the key role transwomen and women of color play in the politics and migrations of black people throughout the chocolate cities.

Black Cultural Production after Civil Rights

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Black People ◽  
Black Politics ◽  
Civil Rights Era ◽  
Black Liberation ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Black Art ◽  
And Gender

Through its analysis of film, drama, fiction, visual culture, poetry, and other cultural -artifacts, Black Cultural Production after Civil Rights offers a fresh examination of how the historical paradox by which unprecedented civil rights gains coexist with novel impediments to collectivist black liberation projects. At the beginning of the 1970s, the ethos animating the juridical achievements of the civil rights movement began to wane, and the rise of neoliberalism, a powerful conservative backlash, the co-optation of “race-blind” rhetoric, and the pathologization and criminalization of poverty helped to retrench black inequality in the post-civil rights era. This book uncovers the intricate ways that black cultural production kept imagining how black people could achieve their dreams for freedom, despite abject social and political conditions. While black writers, artists, historians, and critics have taken renewed interest in the historical roots of black un-freedom, Black Cultural Production insists that the 1970s anchors the philosophical, aesthetic, and political debates that animate contemporary debates in African American studies. Black cultural production and producers help us think about how black people might achieve freedom by centralizing the roles black art and artists have had in expanding notions of freedom, democracy, equity, and gender equality. Black cultural production continues to engage in social critique and transformation and remains an important site for the (re)making of black politics.

THE HISTORY AND PROGRESS OF BLACK CITIZENSHIP

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-277
Author(s):  
Leah Wright Rigueur ◽  
Anna Beshlian
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Black People ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The United States ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Strategic Approach ◽  
Black Life ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractThis paper offers a broad overview of Black citizenship within the United States, concentrating on the major shifts in Black life that have transpired since the classical phase of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s. We examine several critical aspects of Black citizenship including economic status, education, criminal justice and mass incarceration, and political participation. Our report reveals that Black progress toward equal citizenship is inconsistent at best; at worst, it is stagnant and at times, regressive. As such, we conclude that dramatic solutions beyond traditional reformist approaches are needed in order to realize genuine citizenship and equal rights for Black people within the United States. In closing, we briefly highlight a specific example of a strategic approach to advancing substantive social and political change.

Passing the Baton

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cat M. Ariail
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Gender Expectations ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
And Gender

In the post–World War II period, nations and territories used international sport to codify and communicate their ideal citizenries. For the United States, black women who competed in track and field complicated these efforts. This book analyzes the ideological influence of black women track stars, examining how they destabilized dominant ideas about race, gender, sexuality, and national identity. The strivings and successes of black American track women, such as Alice Coachman, Mae Faggs, and Wilma Rudolph, at the Olympic Games and other international sporting events from 1948 to 1962 repeatedly forced white and black sport cultures in the United States to wrestle with the meaning of black women’s athleticism. Both white and black sport cultures struggled to fit black women athletes into their respective visions for the postwar American nation, reflecting and reinforcing how the Cold War, civil rights movement, and their intersection encouraged broader reconfigurations of the racial, gender, and sexual associations of ideal American identity. Ultimately, these American sport cultures marshaled racialized gender expectations to contain the threat that black women track stars embodied, interpreting and reinterpreting the meaning of their athletic efforts in ways that bolstered established hierarchies of race and gender.

Bounce to the Chocolate City Future

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Anthony Hunter ◽  
Zandria F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
Black People ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Black Music ◽  
Deep South ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Gender Nonconforming ◽  
Black Life

Centering the life, music, and experiences of New Orleans–based bounce music artist Big Freedia, this chapter explores the migration stories of black people across the Black Map through the lens of hip hop music, bounce music, gender-nonconforming peoples, Hurricane Katrina, Down South, and the Deep South. Emphasizing the importance of cultural production and black music, the authors highlight the role of race, place, music, forced migration, gender, and sexual orientation in black life and politics. Focused on the connections across space and time, this chapter demonstrates the key role black power politics, natural disasters, sexuality, and regional sounds in the politics and migrations of black people throughout the chocolate cities.

Mary, Dionne, and Alma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Anthony Hunter ◽  
Zandria F. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Women Professionals ◽  
Black People ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Oppression ◽  
Community Activists ◽  
Before And After

The second of three chapters on the power of chocolate cities, this chapter centers the lives, activism, and pioneering efforts of three black women professionals, entertainers, and community activists: Mary Hill Sanders, Dionne Warwick, and Alma Burrell. Exploring their lives, health setbacks, and push against the glass ceiling and racial oppression, the authors highlight their sophisticated and politically informed racial geography of the United States. Detailing the movement of black people throughout the domestic diaspora, this chapter illustrates the how gender, place, race, and power collided in the lives of black people before and after the civil rights movement.

Black Women Cause Lawyers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany N. Hearne ◽  
Holly J. McCammon
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Cause Lawyering ◽  
Women Lawyers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Feminist Movements

This chapter traces the social movement cause lawyering of black women over the last one hundred years. The discussion examines the legal activism of four generations of black women lawyers, investigating the influence of the civil rights and second-wave feminist movements on their activism. For the earliest generation of black women lawyers, late in the nineteenth century, earning a law degree itself was an onerous struggle. The second generation used their legal skills to advocate for black justice within the civil rights movement. A third generation drew on comparisons of racial and gender discrimination, highlighting similarities and furthering the understanding of gender bias. The fourth generation of black women cause lawyers, often working within the legal academy, has led in developing the intersectionality paradigm, which explains how racism and gender bias intertwine. The chapter concludes by considering the significant impacts of black women cause lawyers, including how their insights reveal law’s operation in the lives of women of color and others influenced by multiple politicized identities.

Passing the Baton toward Belonging

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-114
Author(s):  
Cat M. Ariail
Keyword(s):  
Black Women ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Sport Culture ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Young Black Women ◽  
Track Athletes ◽  
The Cold War

This chapter analyzes how the colliding demands of the Cold War and civil rights movement began to endow black women track athletes with propagandistic purpose, as demonstrated by the interpretations of their presences and performances at the 1955 Pan-American Games and 1956 Olympic Games. The “double burden” of race and gender now made them powerful symbols of the promise of American democracy. Black American sport culture also more enthusiastically embraced black track women as race women, recognizing them as active contributors to the effort for black rights. Yet, these altered understandings of black women athletes were not possible without the athletes themselves, especially Mae Faggs, who modeled the often-overlooked agency of young black women.

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